Assessing sociodemographic and regional disparities in Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score uptake.

Background: The Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score (ODX-GPS) is a gene expression assay that predicts disease aggressiveness. The objective of this study was to identify sociodemographic and regional factors associated with ODX-GPS uptake.

Methods: Data from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registries on men with localized prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 3 + 3 or 3 + 4, PSA ≤20 ng/mL, and stage T1c to T2c disease from 2013 through 2017 were linked with ODX-GPS data.

Methods to generate tissue-derived constructs for regenerative medicine applications.

The shortage of donor organs for transplantation remains a continued problem for patients with irreversible end-stage organ failure. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aims to develop therapies to provide viable solutions for these patients. Use of decellularized tissue scaffolds has emerged as an attractive approach to generate tissue constructs that mimic native tissue architecture and vascular networks.

Comparative analysis of two porcine kidney decellularization methods for maintenance of functional vascular architectures.

Unlabelled: Kidney transplantation is currently the only definitive solution for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), however transplantation is severely limited by the shortage of available donor kidneys. Recent progress in whole organ engineering based on decellularization/recellularization techniques has enabled pre-clinical in vivo studies using small animal models; however, these in vivo studies have been limited to short-term assessments. We previously developed a decellularization system that effectively removes cellular components from porcine kidneys.

What Is the Real Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Female Sexual Dysfunction? A Case Control Study.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) has been associated with negative effects on women's sexuality. Women's sexuality and sexual function are a complex issue, and the role of UI is not completely clear.

Aim: To assess the impact of UI on female sexual function by comparing this population with a control group of continent women.

Kidney transplantation, bioengineering and regeneration: an originally immunology-based discipline destined to transition towards ad hoc organ manufacturing and repair.

Kidney transplantation (KT), as a modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT), has been shown to be both economically and functionally superior to dialysis for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Progress in KT is limited by two major barriers: a) a chronic and burgeoning shortage of transplantable organs and b) the need for chronic immunosuppression following transplantation. Although ground-breaking advances in transplant immunology have improved patient survival and graft durability, a new pathway of innovation is needed in order to overcome current obstacles.

Tissue-Engineering Approaches to Restore Kidney Function.

Kidney transplantation for the treatment of chronic kidney disease has established outcome and quality of life. However, its implementation is severely limited by a chronic shortage of donor organs; consequently, most candidates remain on dialysis and on the waiting list while accruing further morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, those patients that do receive kidney transplants are committed to a life-long regimen of immunosuppressive drugs that also carry significant adverse risk profiles.

Renal Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds From Discarded Kidneys Maintain Glomerular Morphometry and Vascular Resilience and Retains Critical Growth Factors.

Background: Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds, obtained through detergent-based decellularization of native kidneys, represent the most promising platform for investigations aiming at manufacturing kidneys for transplant purposes. We previously showed that decellularization of the human kidney yields renal ECM scaffolds (hrECMs) that maintain their basic molecular components, are cytocompatible, stimulate angiogenesis, and show an intact innate vasculature. However, evidence that the decellularization preserves glomerular morphometric characteristics, physiological parameters (pressures and resistances of the vasculature bed), and biological properties of the renal ECM, including retention of important growth factors (GFs), is still missing.

Prostate-specific antigen testing in men between 40 and 70 years in Brazil: database from a check-up program.

Objectives: To evaluate the PSA in a large population of Brazilian men undergone to check up, and correlate the PSA cutoffs with prostate size and urinary symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This is a cross sectional study performed with men between 40 and 70 years undergone to check-up. All men were undergone to urological evaluation, digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen, and ultrasonography The exclusion criteria were men who used testosterone in the last six months, or who were using 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors.

Kidney regeneration: Where we are and future perspectives.

In 2012, about 16487 people received kidney transplants in the United States, whereas 95022 candidates were on the waiting list by the end of the year. Despite advances in renal transplant immunology, approximately 40% of recipients will die or lose graft within 10 years. The limitations of current therapies for renal failure have led researchers to explore the development of modalities that could improve, restore, or replace the renal function.

One-shot versus multidose perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis after kidney transplantation: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for renal transplant recipients. Some studies have reported that irrigation of the wound at the time of closure without systemic antibiotics may suffice to minimize the risk for surgical site infection (SSI), but many centers still use long-term, multidose regimens in which antibiotics are administered until removal of foreign bodies occur, such as the urethral catheter, drain and central line.

Methods: We designed a prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled trial to compare a single dose versus a multidose regimen of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in adult, nondiabetic, non-morbidly obese patients undergoing renal transplantation.

Cell kinetics, DNA integrity, differentiation, and lipid fingerprinting analysis of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells.

Human adipose tissue has been described as a potential alternative reservoir for stem cells. Although studies have been performed in rabbits using autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), these cells have not been well characterized. The primary objectives of this study were to demonstrate the presence of adipose-derived stem cells isolated from rabbit inguinal fat pads and to characterize them through osteogenic and adipogenic in vitro differentiation and lipid fingerprinting analysis.

Renal bioengineering with scaffolds generated from human kidneys.

Background: In 2012, about 16,487 people received kidney transplants in the USA whereas 95,022 candidates were on the waiting list at the end of the year. Moreover, more than 2,600 kidneys procured annually for transplantation are discarded for a variety of reasons. We hypothesize that this pool of discarded kidneys could in part meet the growing, urgent need for transplantable kidneys using current methods for organ bioengineering and regeneration and surgical transplantation.

Histological changes induced by Polyglycolic-Acid (PGA) scaffolds seeded with autologous adipose or muscle-derived stem cells when implanted on rabbit bladder.

Purpose: To evaluate the morphological and histological changes induced by PGA scaffold seeded with autologous adipose or muscle derived stem cells implanted on rabbit bladder wall.

Material And Methods: Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) were obtained from the inguinal fat of eight rabbits and muscle derived stem cells (MDSCs) from the anterior tibial muscle of other eight rabbits. After culture and isolation, the cells were stained with Vybrant Red CM DiI and then implanted at third passage.

Is there any difference in pelvic floor muscles performance between continent and incontinent women?

Aims: To compare pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) performance in women with and without stress urinary incontinence (SUI) during endurance test.

Methods: It is a prospective case-control clinical trial. After determining PFM maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) by electromyography (EMG), women underwent endurance test, which consisted of consecutively PFM 1-sec fast contractions reaching MVC amplitude followed by 1-sec rest.

Uroflowmetry in a large population of Brazilian men submitted to a health check up program and its correlation with IPSS and prostate size.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the uroflowmetry data in a large population of asymptomatic Brazilian men submitted to a health check up program and their correlation to IPSS and prostate size.

Materials And Methods: Asymptomatic men underwent a health check-up program between January and December 2012. The inclusion criteria were men between 40 and 70 years, IPSS ≤ 7, without bladder, prostate, urethral surgery, neurological diseases, urinary tract infection, PSA < 4.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of urinary incontinence in elderly individuals of a low income.

To estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in elderly individuals of low income assisted by the primary health care system in São Paulo, Brazil. In this community-based, observational, cross-sectional study, participants assisted by the health family program in São Paulo, Brazil, were sampled and interviewed face to face by questionnaire. Participants (n=388) were selected from the collaborative program developed by the 10/66 Dementia Research Group, an International Network of investigators.

Cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome risk among men with and without erectile dysfunction: case-control study.

Context And Objective: Erectile dysfunction has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. The aim here was to evaluate cardiovascular risk through the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) criteria, C-reactive protein (CRP) assays and presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in men with and without erectile dysfunction diagnosed within a healthcare program.

Design And Setting: A retrospective case-control study was conducted.

Do we need new surgical techniques to repair vesico-vaginal fistulas?

Introduction And Hypothesis: The urogenital fistula is a devastating condition for women. Despite advances in medical care, the vesicovaginal fistula continues to be a distressful problem. Complex vesicovaginal fistulae repair may need tissue interposition.

Video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL): initial case report and comparison with open radical procedure.

Objectives: Inguinal metastases are one of the major determinants of mortality in patients with penile cancer. In high risk patients, while prophylatic inguinal lymphadenectomy may offer survival advantages, it still carries a relatively high morbidity. We describe in this paper the first report of the Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in the clinical practice, a technique which aims at reducing the morbidity of the procedure without compromising the cancer control or reducing the template of the dissection.

[Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a prospective study comparing transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches].

Objectives: A prospective protocol was used to compare transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic access for treatment of adrenal lesions.

Methods: Forty patients (19 male and 21 female) were submitted to laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Patients were operated by two surgeons.

Vesical explosion during transurethral resection of the prostate: report of a case.

Objective: Vesical perforation during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is usually related to high increases in intravesical pressure. However, it may rarely be related to explosion precipitated by the contact of the electrocautery with some gases produced during the resections. The authors present a case of vesical explosion, discuss its mechanism and suggest some measures for prevention.