Frequency of the DI*A, DI*B and Band 3 Memphis polymorphism among distinct groups in Brazil.

Introduction: The Band 3 is a red blood cell protein that carries the Di and Di antigens from the Diego blood system. The SLC4A1 gene encodes Band 3; Band 3 Memphis is a polymorphism of normal Band 3 and has two variants, but only the variant II carries the Di antigen.

Objectives: Describe the frequencies of the DI*A and DI*B alleles and the Band 3 Memphis among blood donors, sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and Amazonian Indians.

The feasibility of smartphone based retinal photography for diabetic retinopathy screening among Brazilian Xavante Indians.

Aims: To evaluate the feasibility of smartphone based retinal photography for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening among Brazilian Xavante Indians and the yield of retinal images.

Methods: A non-probabilistic cluster sample of 170 individuals with and without diabetes was enrolled for ocular examination with a portable retinal camera during DR screening at two Xavante Reservations. Due to operational conditions and to optimize the field work, only the larger Xavante villages were included.

Cardiovascular Risk in Xavante Indigenous Population.

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is little known in Brazilian indigenous populations. In the last two decades, important changes have occurred in the lifestyle and epidemiological profile of the Xavante people.

Objective: to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Xavante adults in São Marcos and Sangradouro/Volta Grande reserves, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Brazilian Xavante indigenous population.

Background: The raising prevalence of weight excess and of non-communicable diseases in indigenous populations, as well as changes in food consumption and reduction in the frequency and intensity of physical activity, suggest that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is also elevated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS and the frequency of its components in the Xavante adult population living in the Indian reservations of São Marcos and Sangradouro/Volta Grande, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 932 Xavante Indians aged 20 years or more, in the 2008-2012 period.

HNA-3 gene frequencies in Brazilians and a new polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for HNA-3a/3b genotyping.

Background: HNA-3 antigens are the result of a rs2288904 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CTL2, and the HNA-3a and HNA-3b variants are encoded by a guanine and adenine at Nucleotide Position 461. Anti-HNA-3 are involved in severe transfusion-related acute lung injury reactions and in neonatal alloimmune neutropenia. Since the distribution of the HNA-3 system was unknown in South Americans, in this study we determined the frequency of the HNA-3 alleles in Brazilians.

Gene frequencies of the HNA-4a and -5a neutrophil antigens in Brazilian persons and a new polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for HNA-5a genotyping.

Background: The HNA-4a (Mart) and HNA-5a (Ond) antigens are polymorphic variants of alpha(M) (CD11b) and alpha(L) (CD11a) subunits of the beta(2)-integrin, and are associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) leading to amino acid dimorphisms. HNA-4a has been linked to alloimmune neonatal neutropenia, but the HNA-5a clinical significance is unclear.

Study Design And Methods: Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence-specific primers, the frequency of HNA-4a among 121 Brazilian blood donors and 114 Amazon Indians was determined.