Two year follow-up of distal unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with a surface modified flow diverter under prasugrel monotherapy.

Background: A new generation of modified surface flow diverters (FDs) and monotherapy using new antiplatelets may reduce both ischemic and hemorrhagic complications during the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Previous preliminary safety analysis of distal unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with the FD p48 MW HPC (phenox-Wallaby, Bochum, Germany) under antiplatelet monotherapy with prasugrel showed promising results. However, the long term outcomes of distal intracranial aneurysms treated with FDs under antiplatelet monotherapy are not known.

Thrombectomy for Anterior Circulation Stroke in a Witnessed Late Time Window Versus Early Time Window.

Introduction: Thrombectomy is the standard treatment for anterior circulation stroke due to large vessel occlusions in a late time window (6 to 24 hours) for patients selected based on perfusion imaging. Most patients treated in late time window studies presented as unwitnessed or wake-up strokes. Whether patients presenting with unwitnessed stroke have an actual time window greater than 6 hours is unclear.

Acute sublethal exposure to ethiprole impairs physiological and oxidative status in the Neotropical fish Astyanax altiparanae.

Ethiprole, a phenylpyrazole insecticide, has been increasingly used in the Neotropical region to control stink bug pests in soybean and maize fields. However, such abrupt increases in use may have unintended effects on non-target organisms, including those inhabiting freshwater ecosystems. Here, we evaluated the effects of acute (96 h) sublethal exposure to ethiprole (up to 180 μg/L, which is equivalent to 0.

Remote Gait Type Classification System Using Markerless 2D Video.

Several pathologies can alter the way people walk, i.e., their gait.

Evolutionary genomics of mammalian lung cancer genes reveals signatures of positive selection in APC, RB1 and TP53.

Lung cancer is the type of cancer causing most deaths in humans, with 234,030 new cases of lung cancer diagnosed in the United States in 2018. Recently, Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) or the control of its pathway became promising drug targets for cancer therapy. A diverse group of TSGs is involved in progression and metastasis of lung cancer.

The genomic context of retrocopies increases their chance of functional relevancy in mammals.

Described as "junk" DNA, pseudogenes are dead structures of previously active genes present in genomes. Pseudogenes are categorized into two main classes: processed pseudogenes, formed through retrotransposition, and non-processed pseudogenes, typically originated from gene decay following duplication events. The term "processed pseudogene" has changed to "retrocopy" since they are likely to evolve new functional roles and became a retrogene.

Measuring phylogenetic signal between categorical traits and phylogenies.

Motivation: Determining whether a trait and phylogeny share some degree of phylogenetic signal is a flagship goal in evolutionary biology. Signatures of phylogenetic signal can assist the resolution of a broad range of evolutionary questions regarding the tempo and mode of phenotypic evolution. However, despite the considerable number of strategies to measure it, few and limited approaches exist for categorical traits.

The Swinholide Biosynthesis Gene Cluster from a Terrestrial Cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. Strain UHCC 0450.

Swinholides are 42-carbon ring polyketides with a 2-fold axis of symmetry. They are potent cytotoxins that disrupt the actin cytoskeleton. Swinholides were discovered from the marine sponge sp.

Immune Receptors and Co-receptors in Antiviral Innate Immunity in Plants.

Plants respond to pathogens using an innate immune system that is broadly divided into PTI (pathogen-associated molecular pattern- or PAMP-triggered immunity) and ETI (effector-triggered immunity). PTI is activated upon perception of PAMPs, conserved motifs derived from pathogens, by surface membrane-anchored pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). To overcome this first line of defense, pathogens release into plant cells effectors that inhibit PTI and activate effector-triggered susceptibility (ETS).

Positive Selection Linked with Generation of Novel Mammalian Dentition Patterns.

A diverse group of genes are involved in the tooth development of mammals. Several studies, focused mainly on mice and rats, have provided a detailed depiction of the processes coordinating tooth formation and shape. Here we surveyed 236 tooth-associated genes in 39 mammalian genomes and tested for signatures of selection to assess patterns of molecular adaptation in genes regulating mammalian dentition.

Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds.

Background: Bones have been subjected to considerable selective pressure throughout vertebrate evolution, such as occurred during the adaptations associated with the development of powered flight. Powered flight evolved independently in two extant clades of vertebrates, birds and bats. While this trait provided advantages such as in aerial foraging habits, escape from predators or long-distance travels, it also imposed great challenges, namely in the bone structure.

Microstructure characterization and SCG of newly engineered dental ceramics.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize the microstructure of four dental CAD-CAM ceramics and evaluate their susceptibility to stress corrosion.

Methods: SEM and EDS were performed for microstructural characterization. For evaluation of the pattern of crystallization of the ceramics and the molecular composition, XRD and FTIR, respectively, were used.

The Stress-Induced Soybean NAC Transcription Factor GmNAC81 Plays a Positive Role in Developmentally Programmed Leaf Senescence.

The onset of leaf senescence is a highly regulated developmental change that is controlled by both genetics and the environment. Senescence is triggered by massive transcriptional reprogramming, but functional information about its underlying regulatory mechanisms is limited. In the current investigation, we performed a functional analysis of the soybean (Glycine max) osmotic stress- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced NAC transcription factor GmNAC81 during natural leaf senescence using overexpression studies and reverse genetics.

Comprehensive analysis of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in the soybean genome: conserved and plant-specific features.

Background: Despite the relevance of the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response as an integrator of multiple stress signals into an adaptive response, knowledge about these ER-mediated cytoprotective pathways in soybean (Glycine max) is lacking. Here, we searched for genes involved in the highly conserved unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress-induced plant-specific cell death signaling pathways in the soybean genome.

Methods: Previously characterized Arabidopsis UPR genes were used as prototypes for the identification of the soybean orthologs and the in silico assembly of the UPR in soybean, using eggNOG v4.

NIK1, a host factor specialized in antiviral defense or a novel general regulator of plant immunity?

NIK1 is a receptor-like kinase involved in plant antiviral immunity. Although NIK1 is structurally similar to the plant immune factor BAK1, which is a key regulator in plant immunity to bacterial pathogens, the NIK1-mediated defenses do not resemble BAK1 signaling cascades. The underlying mechanism for NIK1 antiviral immunity has recently been uncovered.

Osteoblast differentiation is enhanced by a nano-to-micro hybrid titanium surface created by Yb:YAG laser irradiation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the capacity of a new modified laser surface to stimulate calvarial osteoblasts isolated from neonatal mouse bones to differentiate and form mineralized nodules.

Methods: Titanium discs were subjectezd or not to laser irradiation according to specific parameters and characterized. Osteoblasts isolated from neonatal mouse calvaria were cultured over the discs, and the capacity of these cells to proliferate (MTT assay), form mineralized nodules (Alizarin red assay), and enhance alkaline phosphatase activity (ALPase activity) was analyzed.

Presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in Brazilian patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and in controls.

Context And Objective: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) has attracted the interest of researchers because of similarities between paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of MAP through cultures, histology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on intestinal biopsies from Brazilian CD patients.

Culture-Independent Study of the Late-Stage of a Bloom of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata: Preliminary Findings Suggest Genetic Differences at the Sub-Species Level and Allow ITS2 Structure Characterization.

Available genomic data for the toxic, bloom-forming, benthic Ostreopsis spp. are traditionally obtained from isolates rather than from individuals originally present in environmental samples. Samples from the final phase of the first reported Ostreopsis bloom in European North Atlantic waters (Algarve, south coast of Portugal) were studied and characterized, using a culture-independent approach.

NIK1-mediated translation suppression functions as a plant antiviral immunity mechanism.

Plants and plant pathogens are subject to continuous co-evolutionary pressure for dominance, and the outcomes of these interactions can substantially impact agriculture and food security. In virus-plant interactions, one of the major mechanisms for plant antiviral immunity relies on RNA silencing, which is often suppressed by co-evolving virus suppressors, thus enhancing viral pathogenicity in susceptible hosts. In addition, plants use the nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) domain-containing resistance proteins, which recognize viral effectors to activate effector-triggered immunity in a defence mechanism similar to that employed in non-viral infections.

Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation.

Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. The avian genome is principally characterized by its constrained size, which predominantly arose because of lineage-specific erosion of repetitive elements, large segmental deletions, and gene loss.

Effects of aging procedures on the topographic surface, structural stability, and mechanical strength of a ZrO2-based dental ceramic.

Objective: To determine the effects of different aging methods on the degradation and flexural strength of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) METHODS: Sixty disc-shaped specimens (∅, 12mm; thickness, 1.6mm) of zirconia (Vita InCeram 2000 YZ Cubes, VITA Zahnfabrik) were prepared (ISO 6872) and randomly divided into five groups, according to the aging procedures (n=10): (C) control; (M) mechanical cycling (15,000,000 cycles/3.8Hz/200N); (T) thermal cycling (6,000 cycles/5-55°C/30s); (TM) thermomechanical cycling (1,200,000 cycles/3.

Adaptive functional divergence of the warm temperature acclimation-related protein (WAP65) in fishes and the ortholog hemopexin (HPX) in mammals.

Gene duplication is an important mechanism that leads to genetic novelty. Different, nonexclusive processes are likely involved, and many adaptive and nonadaptive events may contribute to the maintenance of duplicated genes. In some teleosts, a duplicate copy of the mammalian ortholog Hemopexin (HPX) is present, known as the warm temperature acclimation-related protein (WAP65).

Influence of air-particle deposition protocols on the surface topography and adhesion of resin cement to zirconia.

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of air-particle abrasion protocols on the surface roughness (SR) of zirconia and the shear bond strength (SBS) of dual-polymerized resin cement to this ceramic.

Materials And Methods: Sintered zirconia blocks (n = 115) (Lava, 3M ESPE) were embedded in acrylic resin and polished. The specimens were divided according to the 'particle type' (Al: 110 µm Al2O3; Si: 110 µm SiO2) and 'pressure' factors (2.

Air-particle abrasion on zirconia ceramic using different protocols: effects on biaxial flexural strength after cyclic loading, phase transformation and surface topography.

This study evaluated the effect of different air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength and structural stability of zirconia ceramics. Zirconia ceramic specimens (ISO 6872) (Lava, 3M ESPE) were obtained (N=336). The specimens (N=118, n=20 per group) were randomly assigned to one of the air-abrasion protocols: Gr1: Control (as-sintered); Gr2: 50 µm Al2O3 (2.

Effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading.

This study evaluated the effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading. Disc-shaped zirconia specimens (Ø: 15mm, thickness: 1.2mm) (N=32) were submitted to one of the air-particle abrasion protocols (n=8 per group): (a) 50μm Al2O3 particles, (b) 110μm Al2O3 particles coated with silica (Rocatec Plus), (c) 30μm Al2O3 particles coated with silica (CoJet Sand) for 20s at 2.