We review the recent progress that have led to the development of porous materials based on cellulose nanostructures found in plants and other resources. In light of the properties that emerge from the chemistry, shape and structural control, we discuss some of the most promising uses of a plant-based material, nanocellulose, in regenerative medicine. Following a brief discussion about the fundamental aspects of self-assembly of nanocellulose precursors, we review the key strategies needed for material synthesis and to adjust the architecture of the materials (using three-dimensional printing, freeze-casted porous materials, and electrospinning) according to their uses in tissue engineering, artificial organs, controlled drug delivery and wound healing systems, among others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraditional osteosarcoma therapies tend to focus solely on eradicating residual cancer cells and often fail to promote local bone regeneration and even inhibit it due to lack of precise control over target cells, i.e., the treatment affects both normal and cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
January 2021
The sol-gel method is versatile and one of the well-established synthetic approaches for preparing bioactive glass with improved microstructure. In a successful approach, alkoxide precursors undergo rapid hydrolysis, followed by immediate condensation leading to the formation of three-dimensional gels. On the other hand, a slow kinetics rate for hydrolysis of one or more alkoxide precursors generates a mismatch in the progression of the consecutive reactions of the sol-gel process, which makes it difficult to form homogeneous multicomponent glass products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we investigated the biocompatibility of a bioactive sodium calcium silicate glass containing 2.6 mol% Nb O (denoted BGPN2.6) and compare the results with the archetypal 45S5 bioglass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
May 2020
In vitro and in vivo experiments were undertaken to evaluate the solubility, apatite-forming ability, cytocompatibility, osteostimulation, and osteoinduction for a series of Nb-containing bioactive glass (BGNb) derived from composition of 45S5 Bioglass. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) revealed that the rate at which Na, Ca, Si, P, and Nb species are leached from the glass decrease with the increasing concentration of the niobium oxide. The formation of apatite as a function of time in simulated body fluid was monitored by 31P Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA major challenge exists in the preparation of scaffolds for bone regeneration, namely, achieving simultaneously bioactivity, biocompatibility, mechanical performance and simple manufacturing. Here, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are introduced for the preparation of scaffolds taking advantage of their biocompatibility and ability to form strong 3D porous networks from aqueous suspensions. CNF are made bioactive for bone formation through a simple and scalable strategy that achieves highly interconnected 3D networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
April 2019
In this research, the mechanism of an efficient strategy for the synthesis of 58S bioglass with high structural homogeneity by a citric acid assisted sol-gel route was investigated. This is an interesting approach to prepare bioactive glass via the sol-gel method with application potential in bone tissue engineering and also for the development of new biomedical devices. Herein, 58S bioglass was synthesized by two routes: conventional sol-gel method (CSG) and citric acid assisted sol-gel route coupled to the self-propagating combustion method (SPC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present work presents and discusses the results of a comprehensive study on the bioactive properties of Nb-substituted silicate glass derived from 45S5 bioglass. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed. We undertook three different types of in vitro analyses: (i) investigation of the kinetics of chemical reactivity and the bioactivity of Nb-substituted glass in simulated body fluid (SBF) by P MASNMR spectroscopy, (ii) determination of ionic leaching profiles in buffered solution by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and (iii) assessment of the compatibility and osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) treated with dissolution products of different compositions of Nb-substituted glass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
July 2017
TiO, glucose oxidase and carbon nanotube microparticles were ultrasonically formed to provide a large surface area for enzyme immobilisation and a favorable microenvironment for direct electron transfer. This simple architecture nanostructure was used to construct a glucose oxidase biosensor, which demonstrated good analytical performance with high reproducibility, and good detection for pathological glucose level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
March 2017
In this work it is presented a facile and novel method for modification of bioglass surface based on (Ca|Na) ion exchange by immersion in molten salt bath. This method allows changing selectively the chemical composition of a surface layer of glass, creating a new and more reactive bioglass in a shell that surrounds the unchanged bulk of the original BG45S5 bioglass (core-shell type system). The modified bioglass conserves the non-crystalline structure of BG45S5 bioglass and presents a significant increase of surface reactivity in comparison with BG45S5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper investigates the microstructure and the mechanical properties of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) three-dimensional (3D) porous materials reinforced with 45S5 bioactive glass (BG). β-TCP and β-TCP/x%-BG scaffolds with interconnected pores networks, suitable for bone regeneration, were fabricated by gel-casting method. Mechanical properties, porosity, and morphological characteristics were evaluated by compressive strength test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microtomography analysis, whereas the structures were fully explored by XRD, and Raman spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe have developed a potentiostatic double-pulse technique for silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) deposition on graphene (GRn) with superior electronic and ionic conductivity. This approach yielded a two-dimensional electrocatalyst with a homogeneous Ag NP spatial distribution having remarkable performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). GRn sheets were reproducibly prepared by the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite (GRp) at high yield and purity with a low degree of oxidation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe feasibility of using a solid waste (rich in nitrogen) from the leather industry, after chromium extraction, as adsorbent for P and K, for possible utilization as NPK fertilizer was evaluated. The materials, with and without the addition of P and K, were characterized by chemical analyses, infrared spectroscopy, EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry) and SEM (scanning electronic microscopy). Langmuir and Freundlich equations were used for analyzing the experimental data, which showed a better fit to the Freundlich model, thus suggesting a multilayer adsorption process on the surface of the adsorbent.
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