Integration of Liver Glycogen and Triglyceride NMR Isotopomer Analyses Provides a Comprehensive Coverage of Hepatic Glucose and Fructose Metabolism.

Dietary glucose and fructose are both efficiently assimilated by the liver but a comprehensive measurement of this process starting from their conversion to sugar phosphates, involvement of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and conversion to glycogen and lipid storage products, remains incomplete. Mice were fed a chow diet supplemented with 35 g/100 mL drinking water of a 55/45 fructose/glucose mixture for 18 weeks. On the final night, the sugar mixture was enriched with either [U-C]glucose or [U-C]fructose, and deuterated water (HO) was also administered.

Determining the contribution of a high-fructose corn syrup formulation to hepatic glycogen synthesis during ad-libitum feeding in mice.

Excessive sugar intake including high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is implicated in the rise of obesity, insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver glycogen synthesis is influenced by both fructose and insulin signaling. Therefore, the effect of HFCS on hepatic glycogenesis was evaluated in mice feeding ad-libitum.

Estimating pentose phosphate pathway activity from the analysis of hepatic glycogen C-isotopomers derived from [U- C]fructose and [U- C]glucose.

Purpose: The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is an important component of hepatic intermediary metabolism. Jin et al developed an elegant C-NMR method for measuring hepatic PPP flux by quantifying the distribution of glucose C-isotopomers formed from [U- C]glycerol. We demonstrate that this approach can be extended to exogenous [U- C]fructose and [U- C]glucose precursors by C-NMR analysis of glycogen.

Metabolic Effects of Dietary Glycerol Supplementation in Muscle and Liver of European Seabass and Rainbow Trout by H NMR Metabolomics.

The sustainable growth of fish aquaculture will require the procurement of non-marine feed sources. Glycerol is a potential feed supplement whose metabolism may spare the catabolism of dietary amino acids, thereby extending the use of the feed protein to other physiological functions such as growth. In the present study, the effects of dietary glycerol supplementation on the muscle and liver metabolomes of rainbow trout () and European seabass () were evaluated.

Comparison among three polymerase chain reaction assays on detection of DNA from Leishmania in biological samples from patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Introduction: The study analyzed positivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on detection of DNA from Leishmania in patients' samples.

Methods: Extracted DNA was submitted to L150/L152, 13Y/13Z, and seminested PCR (snPCR).

Results: Results were evidenced by bands of approximately 120, 720, and 670 bp for L150/L152, 13Y/13Z, and snPCR, respectively.

Five really easy steps to build a homemade low-cost simulator.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate how simple it is to build a homemade low-cost simulator using a simple 5-step scheme.

Methods: A scheme explaining how to build an endoscopic surgery simulator in 5 easy steps was presented to 26 surgeons. The simulator required a pair of scissors and easy-to-find materials.

Seasonal variation in the copepod community structure from a tropical Amazon estuary, Northern Brazil.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation of copepod community structure during the months of July, September and November 2003 (dry season) and January, March and May 2004 (rainy season) in the Curuçá estuary, northern Brazil. Samples were collected during neap tides via gentle 200microm mesh net tows from a small powerboat. Measurements of surface water conductivity were accomplished in situ using an electronic conductivimeter and salinity was later obtained through the transformation of the conductivity values.