Incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There is a significant burden of mortality from colorectal cancer in Africa. Due to the heterogeneity of dietary and lifestyle practices throughout Africa, our work sought to define risk factors for the development of CRC in the African continent.

Implementation, Reach, and Effectiveness of the Direct Observation of Residents in Clinic Program.

Background: Direct observation is important, yet medical residents are rarely observed. We implemented and evaluated a direct observation program in resident clinics to increase the frequency of observation and feedback and improve perceptions about direct observation.

Methods: We assigned faculty as observers in our resident clinics between June 2019 and February 2020.

Impact of Geriatric Trauma Co-Management on 1-Year Mortality in Older Adults with Multiple Rib Fractures.

Background: Rib fractures in older adults are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Geriatric trauma co-management programs have looked at in-hospital mortality but not long-term outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study of multiple rib fracture patients 65 years and older (n=357), admitted from September 2012 to November 2014 comparing Geriatric trauma co-management (GTC) vs Usual Care by trauma surgery (UC).

Assessment of Frailty and Risk of Chemotherapy Toxicity at a Geriatric-Oncology Multidisciplinary Clinic.

Background: Multidisciplinary Geriatric-Oncology (GO-MDC) clinic performed comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) to determine frailty and chemotherapy toxicity risk.

Method: Retrospective cohort study of patients ≥65 years seen between April 2017 to March 2022. We compared Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status (ECOG-PS) to CGA as a determinant of frailty and risk of toxicity from chemotherapy.

Integrated postoperative care model for older colorectal surgery patients improves outcomes and reduces healthcare costs.

Background: Older surgical patients have an increased risk for postoperative complications, driving up healthcare costs. We determined if postoperative co-management of older surgery patients is associated with postoperative outcomes and hospital costs.

Methods: Retrospective data were collected for patients ≥70 years old undergoing colorectal surgery at a community teaching hospital.

Analysis of Decreasing Adverse Events with Endoscopic Ultrasound in a New Advanced Endoscopy Program Over Time.

Objective: New innovations and increasing utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) are associated with rare but serious risks. We investigate the rates and risk factors for post-procedural complications over a four-year period at a new advanced endoscopy program.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all adult patients who underwent upper EUS at an academic level-1 trauma center between April 2015 and November 2019.

Intensive care unit rounding checklists to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections.

Objective: To assess whether the implementation of an intensive care unit (ICU) rounding checklist reduces the number of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).

Design: Retrospective before-and-after study that took place between March 2013 and February 2017.

Setting: An academic community hospital 16-bed, mixed surgical, cardiac, medical ICU.

The impact of errors on healthcare professionals in the critical care setting.

Purpose: Medical errors occur at high rates in intensive care units (ICUs) and have great consequences. The impact of errors on healthcare professionals is rarely discussed. We hypothesized that issues regarding blame and guilt following errors in the ICU exist and may be dependent on type of practitioner, level of experience, and error type.

Medical Neighborhood Model for the Care of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Background: The patient-centered medical home is a popular model of care, but the patient-centered medical neighborhood (PCMN) is rarely described. We developed a PCMN in an academic practice to improve care for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of CKD in this practice and describe baseline characteristics, develop an interdisciplinary team-based approach to care and determine cost associated with CKD patients.

Evaluating HIV prevention strategies for populations in key affected groups: the example of Cabo Verde.

Objectives: We used an individual-based model to evaluate the effects of hypothetical prevention interventions on HIV incidence trajectories in a concentrated, mixed epidemic setting from 2011 to 2021, and using Cabo Verde as an example.

Methods: Simulations were conducted to evaluate the extent to which early HIV treatment and optimization of care, HIV testing, condom distribution, and substance abuse treatment could eliminate new infections (i.e.

Preventing HIV Transmission Among Partners of HIV-Positive Male Sex Workers in Mexico City: A Modeling Study.

Mexico has a concentrated HIV epidemic, with male sex workers constituting a key affected population. We estimated annual HIV cumulative incidence among male sex workers' partners, and then compared incidence under three hypothetical intervention scenarios: improving condom use; and scaling up HIV treatment as prevention, considering current viral suppression rates (CVS, 60.7 %) or full viral suppression among those treated (FVS, 100 %).