Sex differences in outcomes of patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

There are controversies regarding the impact of sex on mortality and postoperative complications in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), although some studies demonstrate comparable outcomes. This study sought to evaluate sex differences regarding risk factors associated with hospital mortality and postoperative clinical outcomes among patients undergoing isolated on-pump CABG. We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of patients who underwent isolated on-pump CABG from January 1996 to January 2020.

Proposed Risk Score in Patients with Aortic Stenosis Submitted to Valve Replacement Surgery.

Introduction: Due to Brazilian population aging, prevalence of aortic stenosis, and limited number of scores in literature, it is essential to develop risk scores adapted to our reality and created in the specific context of this disease.

Methods: This is an observational historical cohort study with analysis of 802 aortic stenosis patients who underwent valve replacement at Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, from 1996 to 2018. With the aid of logistic regression, a weighted risk score was constructed based on the magnitude of the coeficients β of the logistic equation.

Risk Score Elaboration for Stroke in Cardiac Surgery.

Introduction: Stroke is a complication that causes considerable morbidity and mortality during the heart surgery postoperative period (incidence: 1.3 to 5%; mortality: 13 to 41%). Models for assessing the risk of stroke after heart surgery have been proposed, but most of them do not evaluate postoperative morbidity.

Inspiratory Muscle Training After Heart Valve Replacement Surgery Improves Inspiratory Muscle Strength, Lung Function, and Functional Capacity: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) as a therapeutic strategy after heart valve replacement surgery (HVRS).

Methods: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial that included patients undergoing elective HVRS, without post-operative complications, were allocated to 2 groups: IMT group (IMT-G) and IMT placebo group (IMT-PG). The IMT started 3 d after surgery and was performed twice daily for 4 wk.

Performance of surgical risk scores to predict mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Predicting mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains a challenge.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of 5 risk scores for cardiac surgery in predicting the 30-day mortality among patients of the Brazilian Registry of TAVI.

Methods: The Brazilian Multicenter Registry prospectively enrolled 418 patients undergoing TAVI in 18 centers between 2008 and 2013.

Atrioventricular block in coronary artery bypass surgery: perioperative predictors and impact on mortality.

Introduction: Disturbances of the cardiac conduction system are frequent in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery. They are mostly reversible and associated with some injury of the conduction tissue, caused by the ischemic heart disease itself or by perioperative factors.

Objective: Primary: investigate the association between perioperative factors and the emergence of atrioventricular block in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery.

Predictors of stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective: To determine the risk factors related to the development of stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: A historical cohort study. We included 4626 patients aged > 18 years who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, heart valve replacement surgery alone or heart valve surgery combined with coronary artery bypass grafting between January 1996 and December 2011.

The use of inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme and its relation to events in the postoperative period of CABG.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce the chance of death, myocardial infarction (MI) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in patients with coronary disease. However there is no consensus as to its indication in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Objective: To assess the relationship between preoperative use of ACE inhibitors and clinical outcomes after CABG.

Atrioventricular block in the postoperative period of heart valve surgery: incidence, risk factors and hospital evolution.

Introduction: Disturbances of the cardiac conduction system are potential complications after cardiac valve surgery.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the association between perioperative factors and atrio-ventricular block, the need for temporary cardiac artificial pacing and, if necessary, permanent pacemaker implantation after cardiac valve surgery.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the Cardiac Surgery Database - Hospital São Lucas/PUCRS.

Naproxen as prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: the NAFARM randomized trial.

Purpose: We sought to assess the effect of naproxen versus placebo on prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center trial of 161 consecutive patients undergoing CABG surgery, patients received naproxen 275 mg every 12 hours or placebo at the same dosage and interval over 120 hours immediately after CABG surgery. The primary outcome was the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in the first 5 postoperative days.

The impact of blood transfusion on morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: To analyze the impact of blood transfusion on the incidence of clinical outcomes postoperatively (PO) from cardiac surgery.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We analyzed 4028 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve (TV), or both, in Brazilian tertiary university hospital between 1996 and 2009.

A score proposal to evaluate surgical risk in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery.

Introduction: Scores to predict surgical risk in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery are broadly used.

Objective: To develop a score capable to predict mortality in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery.

Methods: From January 1996 to December 2007, data were collected from 2809 patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery at PUC-RS São Lucas Hospital.

Risk score elaboration for mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Introduction: The mediastinitis is a serious postoperative complication of cardiac surgery, with an incidence of 0.4 to 5% and mortality between 14 and 47%. Several models were proposed to assess risk of mediastinitis after cardiac surgery.

[Proposed preoperative risk score for patients candidate to cardiac valve surgery].

Background: To establish a risk score for heart surgery allows the assessment of preoperative risk, informing the patient and defining care during the intervention.

Objective: To assess preoperative risk factors for death in cardiac valve surgery and construct a simple risk model (score) for in-hospital mortality of patients candidate to surgery at Hospital São Lucas of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (HSL-PUCRS).

Methods: The study sample included 1,086 adult patients that underwent cardiac valve surgery between January 1996 and December 2007 at HSL-PUCRS.

Preoperative serum fibrinogen as a predictor of myocardial infarction in the surgical myocardial revascularization.

Objective: Determine the predictive level of preoperative serum fibrinogen level for the occurrence of MI in perioperative surgical myocardial revascularization (SMR), as well as for other impacting outcomes, such as stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), and death, separately or in combination.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on the heart surgery database analysis from São Lucas Hospital, at Rio Grande do Sul Catholic University with 1,471 consecutive patients submitted to extracorporeal SMR between January, 1998 and December, 2002.

Results: Perioperative MI occurred in 14% of sample patients.