The complexity and contradictions of the right to refuse to do hazardous work in the surgical center of a hospital.

Background: The topic right to refuse to do hazardous work/to be exposed to serious and imminent risks is herein presented as the central and fundamental axis on issues associated with workers' health and safety.

Objective: Investigating how the topic right to refuse to do hazardous work/be exposed to serious and imminent risks may be used as condition and strategy to manage work in the Surgical Center of a hospital.

Methods: The research methodology focused on establishing dialogue among Activity-centered Ergonomics (Ergonomic Workplace Analysis -EWA), Ergology, Action-Research and Ethnography.

Risk management and the complexity of the right to refuse dangerous work in the context of hospital care: Preliminary issues.

Background: Risk management analysis at work makes it possible to find individual and collective experiences of recognition and hierarchization of risks in view of the specificities of labor situations and the complex and contradictory application of the right to refuse in health work, whose space and technique are still in a deep structural transformation.

Objective: To investigate how work organization impacts on the daily life of nursing care, in a general hospital surgical center, (un)enabling individual and collective risk management strategies in the context analyzed and how the right to refuse can be appropriate as a condition and strategy for work management.

Methods: Ergonomics (Work Ergonomic Analysis) was used to bring about the actual work activity and Ergology for epistemological deepening, whose research approach took place in a surgical center with four registered nurses.

Evaluation of toxic potential of leachate originating from experimental landfill cells containing household waste and healthcare waste.

Two experimental cells with household solid waste and healthcare solid waste were monitored in order to evaluate the pollution potential, and its toxicity effects corresponding to the chemical substances present in the leachates generated, correlating the physico-chemical composition with the ecotoxicity results (organisms and ). From the statistical evaluation of the physico-chemical analysis results, leachate generated in the household solid waste cell presented greater or equal values than to the healthcare solid waste cell, except for the turbidity parameter. The ecotoxicity results showed the same behaviour as that obtained with the physico-chemical analysis.

Mathematical modeling of COD removal via the combined treatment of domestic wastewater and landfill leachate based on the PACT process.

The experiments performed in this study consisted of 16 batch reactors fed different mixtures of landfill leachate combined with synthetic wastewater treated using the Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment (PACT) process. The objective was to measure the COD mass removal per liter each day for each reactor using two models: the first model combined the variables PAC concentration (0 g·L(-1), 2 g·L(-1), 4 g·L(-1), and 6 g·L(-1)) and leachate rate in the wastewater (0%, 2%, 5%, and 10%), and the second model combined the PAC concentration and the influent COD. The Response Surface Methodology with Central Composite Design was used to describe the response surface of both models considered in this study.

[Assessment of impacts of combined treatment of solid urban waste landfill leachate and sewage on aquatic biota].

The impact on tilapia fish of combined treatment of landfill leachate and domestic sewage was monitored in a waste treatment plant that operated on a pilot scale using the activated sludge process. Biomarkers of sub-lethal toxicity were used to indicate the possibility of damage to organisms due to interaction with pollutants. The concentration of metallothioneins did not indicate the increased presence of metals in fish exposed than in control groups.

Assessment of combined treatment of landfill urban solid waste leachate and sewage using Danio rerio and Daphnia similis.

The co-treatment from Morro do Céu landfill leachate with domestic sewage in the Icaraí STP was monitored with regard to the behavior of toxicity of its inflows and outflow. Leachate not exceeded 1.5% in volume in the plant.