Clinical and Nutritional Aspects and Outcomes of Covid-19 in Cancer and Non-Cancer Pediatric Patients.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been the subject of study by several researchers worldwide since 2020; however, there are points to be clarified. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and nutritional aspects of hospitalized cancer and non-cancer pediatric patients and the association with COVID-19 outcomes. This is a cohort study of hospitalized children and adolescents with a laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19.

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on health and functional capacity in institutionalized older adults.

Objective: To assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the health conditions and functional capacity of older adults living in long-term care units in Maceió City - Alagoas State.

Methods: A prospective cohort was conducted with institutionalized older adults of both sexes. Older adults were assessed for clinical conditions (diagnosis of chronic diseases and biochemical tests), functional capacity, and nutritional status.

Nutritional risk and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in hospitalized children and adolescents: a multicenter cohort.

Objective: To verify the association between nutritional risk on admission and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in hospitalized children and adolescents.

Methods: Multicenter cohort study was conducted in two cities in the northeastern region of Brazil, with children under 18 years of age laboratory diagnosed with COVID-19. Sociodemographic data and nutritional risk screening by STRONGKids (low, medium and high risk) were collected remotely and in hospital records, respectively.

Estimation of the availability of iron in the school meals of Municipal Centers for Early Childhood Education of a capital city in northeastern Brazil.

The final stage of Fe deficiency is Fe deficiency anaemia, with repercussions for human health, especially in children under 5 years of age. Studies conducted in Brazilian public daycare centres show high prevalence of anaemia. The present study aims to evaluate the availability of Fe in the meals of the Municipal Centers of Early Childhood Education in Maceió.

Frequency and factors associated with sarcopenia prediction in adult and elderly patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Patients with COVID-19 may develop symptoms that interfere with food intake. Systemic inflammatory response associated with physical inactivity and/or immobilization during hospital stay can induce weight and muscle loss leading to sarcopenia and worsening the clinical condition of these patients. The present study identifies the frequency and factors associated with sarcopenia prediction in adult and elderly patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and inflammation increase cardiovascular risk in older people.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify an association between serum levels of 25(OH) D, inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk in older adults.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with older adults of both sexes, investigating variables on lifestyle, anthropometric assessments (weight, height, waist circumference, BMI), and systemic arterial hypertension (systolic blood pressure, SBP, and diastolic blood pressure DBP), serum levels of 25(OH)D, serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Cardiovascular disease risk was assessed using the global risk score for cardiovascular events, the Framingham criteria.

Association between being underweight and excess body weight before SARS coronavirus type 2 infection and clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019: Multicenter study.

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify associations between extremes in body weight status (underweight and excess body weight) before a COVID-19 diagnosis and clinical outcomes in patients infected with SARS coronavirus type 2.

Methods: A multicenter cohort study was conducted in eight different states in northeastern Brazil. Demographic, clinical (previous diagnosis of comorbidities), and anthropometric (self-reported weight and height) data about individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 were collected.

Different dehydration levels and their impact on blood ammonia, cognitive-motor performance, and muscle damage in acclimated runners.

Background: Prolonged exercise in the heat can promote dehydration, which could impair ammonia metabolism, cognitive-motor performance, and muscle damage. However, exercise heat acclimation induces physiological adaptations that improve performance, metabolism, and cellular protection. This study aimed to evaluate different dehydration levels and their impact on blood ammonia, cognitive-motor performance, and muscle damage after a race in the heat in acclimated runners.

Selenium concentrations in elderly people with Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional study with control group.

Objective: To investigate possible differences in plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of selenium among elderly with and without a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Cross-sectional study, performed with an elderly group with Alzheimer's disease, diagnosed by a geriatric doctor, and compared to an elderly group without the disease, equaling gender, education, and age. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry determined plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of total selenium (Set).

[Effects of physical exercise on cardiovascular risk and quality of life in hypertensive elderly people].

The scope of this article is to evaluate the effects of a mixed protocol of physical exercises on cardiovascular risk (CVR), quality of life and the presence of depressive symptoms in elderly hypertensive patients. It involved a longitudinal, prospective and quasi-experimental study with 48 elderly individuals. A physical exercise protocol was developed for 16 weeks according to American College of Sports Medicine, and anthropometric variables (weight, height, body mass index and waist circumference), as well as biochemical variables (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c; triglycerides) were evaluated.

PRE-OPERATIVE FASTING: WHY ABBREVIATE?

Introduction: Considering the practice of preoperative fasting based on observations on the gastric emptying delay after induction and the time of this fast is closely linked to organic response to trauma, arise the question about preoperative fasting period necessary to minimize such response and support the professional with clinical and scientific evidence.

Aim: To review the aspects related to the abbreviation of preoperative fasting from the metabolic point of view, physiology of gastric emptying, its clinical benefits and the currently recommendations.

Method: Literature review was based on articles and guidelines published in English and Portuguese, without restriction of time until January 2017, in PubMed, SciELO and Cochrane with the descriptors: surgery, preoperative fasting, carbohydrate.

Selenium and Zinc Status in Chronic Myofascial Pain: Serum and Erythrocyte Concentrations and Food Intake.

Introduction: Nutritional disorders have been reported to be important causal factors that can intensify or cause a painful response in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Aim: To assess the habitual intake of and the serum and erythrocyte levels of selenium and zinc in patients with chronic myofascial pain.

Materials And Methods: A case-control study of 31 patients with chronic myofascial pain (group I) and 31 subjects without pain (group II).