Treatment of retroperitoneal sarcoma results in improved outcomes.

Objective: To report the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes in a cohort of dogs with histologically confirmed retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) and to identify potential variables of prognostic significance.

Animals: 46 client-owned dogs from 10 clinics with histopathologic diagnosis of a sarcoma originating from the retroperitoneal space.

Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to obtain information regarding clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes.

Investigating cell death responses associated with histotripsy ablation of canine osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequently occurring primary bone tumor in dogs and people and innovative treatment options are profoundly needed. Histotripsy is an emerging tumor ablation modality, and it is essential for the clinical translation of histotripsy to gain knowledge about the outcome of nonablated tumor cells that could remain postablation. The objective of this study was to characterize the cell death genetic signature and proliferation response of canine OS cells post a near complete histotripsy ablation (96% ± 1.

A review of the development of histotripsy for extremity tumor ablation with a canine comparative oncology model to inform human treatments.

Cancer is a devasting disease resulting in millions of deaths worldwide in both humans and companion animals, including dogs. Treatment of cancer is complex and challenging and therefore often multifaceted, as in the case of osteosarcoma (OS) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS). OS predominantly involves the appendicular skeleton and STS commonly develops in the extremities, resulting in treatment challenges due to the need to balance wide-margin resections to achieve local oncological control against the functional outcomes for the patient.

Ablative and Immunostimulatory Effects of Histotripsy Ablation in a Murine Osteosarcoma Model.

: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequently occurring malignant bone tumor in humans, primarily affecting children and adolescents. Significant advancements in treatment options for OS have not occurred in the last several decades, and the prognosis remains grim with only a 70% rate of 5-year survival. The objective of this study was to investigate the focused ultrasound technique of histotripsy as a novel, noninvasive treatment option for OS.

Characterizing the Ablative Effects of Histotripsy for Osteosarcoma: In Vivo Study in Dogs.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor treated by limb amputation or limb salvage surgeries and chemotherapy. Histotripsy is a non-thermal, non-invasive focused ultrasound therapy using controlled acoustic cavitation to mechanically disintegrate tissue. Recent ex vivo and in vivo pilot studies have demonstrated the ability of histotripsy for ablating OS but were limited in scope.

Mechanical High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (Histotripsy) in Dogs With Spontaneously Occurring Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Introduction: Histotripsy is a non-invasive focused ultrasound therapy that uses controlled acoustic cavitation to mechanically disintegrate tissue. To date, there are no reports investigating histotripsy for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo feasibility of ablating STS with histotripsy and to characterize the impact of partial histotripsy ablation on the acute immunologic response in canine patients with spontaneous STS.

High intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of solid tumors: a pilot study in canine cancer patients.

Purpose: To investigate the safety, feasibility, and outcomes of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of solid tumors in a spontaneous canine cancer model.

Methods: Dogs diagnosed with subcutaneous solid tumors were recruited, staged and pretreatment biopsies were obtained. A single HIFU treatment was delivered to result in partial tumor ablation using a commercially available HIFU unit.

Retroperitoneal myxosarcoma in a cat.

This report details a retroperitoneal myxosarcoma in a cat that exhibited extremely aggressive biological behavior. An exploratory midline celiotomy revealed a left-sided retroperitoneal mass firmly adhered to the hypaxial musculature. Histopathological evaluation identified the mass as a myxosarcoma.

Histotripsy Ablation of Spontaneously Occurring Canine Bone Tumors In Vivo.

Objective: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a devastating primary bone tumor in dogs and humans with limited non-surgical treatment options. As the first completely non-invasive and non-thermal ablation technique, histotripsy has the potential to significantly improve the standard of care for patients with primary bone tumors.

Introduction: Standard of care treatment for primary appendicular OS involves surgical resection via either limb amputation or limb-salvage surgery for suitable candidates.

Cholesterol Granuloma of the Cranial Mediastinum in a Dog.

A 10 yr old female spayed Pomeranian presented with a history of dyspnea and coughing and was diagnosed with a cranial mediastinal mass presumed to be a thymoma. Surgical removal was elected and occurred without intraoperative complications. Histopathology revealed the lesion to be a cholesterol granuloma.

Distribution of histopathologic types of primary pulmonary neoplasia in dogs and outcome of affected dogs: 340 cases (2010-2019).

Objective: To provide updated information on the distribution of histopathologic types of primary pulmonary neoplasia in dogs and evaluate the effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in dogs with pulmonary carcinoma.

Animals: 340 dogs.

Procedures: Medical records of dogs that underwent lung lobectomy for removal of a primary pulmonary mass were reviewed, and histopathologic type of lesions was determined.

Histotripsy Ablation in Preclinical Animal Models of Cancer and Spontaneous Tumors in Veterinary Patients: A Review.

New therapeutic strategies are direly needed in the fight against cancer. Over the last decade, several tumor ablation strategies have emerged as stand-alone or combination therapies. Histotripsy is the first completely noninvasive, nonthermal, and nonionizing tumor ablation method.

Histotripsy Ablation of Bone Tumors: Feasibility Study in Excised Canine Osteosarcoma Tumors.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone tumor affecting both dogs and humans. Histotripsy is a non-thermal, non-invasive focused ultrasound method using controlled acoustic cavitation to mechanically disintegrate tissue. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of treating primary OS tumors with histotripsy using a 500-kHz transducer on excised canine OS samples harvested after surgery at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Virginia Tech.

Focused ultrasound tumour ablation in small animal oncology.

The cancer incidence rates for humans and animals remain high, and efforts to improve cancer treatment are crucial. Cancer treatment for solid tumours includes both treatment of the primary tumour and of metastasis. Surgery is commonly employed to resect primary and metastatic tumours, but is invasive, and is not always the optimal treatment modality.

Outcome and postoperative complications in 73 dogs with thyroid carcinoma with gross vascular invasion managed with thyroidectomy.

Excellent outcomes have been reported following thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma in dogs, but outcomes for thyroid carcinomas with gross vascular invasion are poorly described. This study describes the clinical outcomes and complications in dogs with thyroid carcinomas with gross vascular invasion undergoing thyroidectomy. Medical records of dogs that underwent thyroidectomy between January 1st 2010 and December 31st 2019 were reviewed at 10 hospitals.

Evaluation of Myogenin and MyoD1 as Immunohistochemical Markers of Canine Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Canine rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) presents a diagnostic challenge due to its overlapping histologic features with other soft tissue sarcomas. The diagnosis of RMS currently relies on positive immunohistochemical (IHC) labeling for desmin; however, desmin expression is also observed in non-RMS tumors. Myogenin and MyoD1 are transcription factors reported to be sensitive and specific IHC markers for human RMS, but they are not widely used in veterinary oncology.

Local Administration of Carboplatin in Poloxamer 407 After an Ulnar Osteosarcoma Removal in a Dog.

An 8 yr old male castrated hound presented for a left distal ulnar osteosarcoma. Staging (computed tomography and nuclear scintigraphy) did not reveal any metastases. A limb-sparing ulnectomy with local adjunctive carboplatin in a poloxamer copolymer gel (poloxamer 407) was performed.

Clinical outcomes in dogs with localized splenic histiocytic sarcoma treated with splenectomy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Localized splenic histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in dogs is a poorly understood disease, and could have longer survival times than disseminated or hemophagocytic HS. Understanding the clinical behavior of localized splenic HS can refine treatment recommendations.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of dogs with localized splenic HS.

Histologically low-grade, yet biologically high-grade, canine cutaneous mast cell tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Low-grade canine cutaneous mast cell tumour (cMCT) with metastasis at the time of treatment is uncommonly reported, with few studies focusing on this specific clinical entity. The specific objective of this study was to systematically review the veterinary literature and perform a meta-analysis summarizing the clinical presentation, treatments reported and clinical outcomes from dogs with histologically low-grade cMCT and metastasis present at initial treatment. A total of 980 studies were screened with eight publications providing data on 121 dogs ultimately included.

Demographic characteristics, site and phylogenetic distribution of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma: 744 dogs (2000-2015).

Objective: To report demographic characteristics of a contemporary population of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma and assess the relationship between demographic characteristics, site distribution, and phylogenetic breed clusters.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: A search of the Veterinary Medical Database was performed for dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma as a new diagnosis.

Lower urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma in cats: Clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes in 118 cases.

Background: Lower urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is an important but rarely described disease of cats.

Objectives: To report the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes in a cohort of cats with lower urinary tract TCC and to test identified variables for prognostic relevance.

Animals: One-hundred eighteen client-owned cats with lower urinary tract carcinoma.