Autologous Serum Tear Production in Anticoagulated Patients.

Purpose: Autologous serum tears (ASTs) are produced from serum obtained by blood draw and used to treat severe dry eye diseases. Multiple cases of failed AST production occurred due to serum becoming a solidified, gel-like substance after centrifugation. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with inability to compound AST.

Efficacy of Amniotic Membrane Grafting for the Treatment of Chemical and Thermal Ocular Surface Injuries: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To evaluate the published literature on the efficacy of amniotic membrane grafting (AMG) in the management of acute chemical and thermal ocular surface burns with respect to the rate of corneal re-epithelialization and improvement of visual acuity or corneal clarity.

Methods: Literature searches were conducted in the PubMed database in May 2023 and updated in January 2024 and were limited to the English language without date restrictions. The searches yielded 474 citations; 58 were reviewed in full text, and 9 met the inclusion criteria.

Outcomes and Complications of Limbal Stem Cell Allograft Transplantation: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the published literature on the safety and outcomes of keratolimbal allograft (KLAL) transplantation and living-related conjunctival limbal allograft (lr-CLAL) transplantation for bilateral severe/total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Methods: Literature searches were last conducted in the PubMed database in February 2023 and were limited to the English language. They yielded 523 citations; 76 were reviewed in full text, and 21 met the inclusion criteria.

Insights Into Eye Care Accessibility: Geospatial Distribution of Eye Care Providers and Socioeconomic Factors by ZIP Code.

Purpose: In the United States, the ZIP Code has long been used to collect geospatial data revealing disparities in social determinants of health. This cross-sectional study examines the distribution of eye care access in association with local socioeconomic factors at a ZIP Code level.

Methods: Data from the 2020 Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services and American Community Survey were used to examine locations of 47,949 providers (17,631 ophthalmologists and 30,318 optometrists) and corresponding local socioeconomic variables (education, employment, and income).

Estrogen receptor activation remodels TEAD1 gene expression to alleviate hepatic steatosis.

Sex-based differences in obesity-related hepatic malignancies suggest the protective roles of estrogen. Using a preclinical model, we dissected estrogen receptor (ER) isoform-driven molecular responses in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver diseases of male and female mice treated with or without an estrogen agonist by integrating liver multi-omics data. We found that selective ER activation recovers HFD-induced molecular and physiological liver phenotypes.

Advanced Corneal Imaging in Keratoconus: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the published literature on the diagnostic capabilities of the newest generation of corneal imaging devices for the identification of keratoconus.

Methods: Corneal imaging devices studied included tomographic platforms (Scheimpflug photography, OCT) and functional biomechanical devices (imaging an air impulse on the cornea). A literature search in the PubMed database for English language studies was last conducted in February 2023.

Thermal Pulsation in the Management of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dry Eye: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of thermal pulsation technologies in improving signs or symptoms of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye compared with no therapy or with conventional warm compress therapy or eyelid hygiene.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database in June 2022 and again in March 2023 to identify all studies in the English language on the use of thermal pulsation to treat MGD or dry eye. The search yielded 59 citations, and 11 articles met all of the inclusion criteria.

The effect of blood pressure lowering medications on the prevention of episodic migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Currently, only a few specific blood pressure-lowering medications are recommended for migraine prevention. Whether benefits extend to other classes or drugs is uncertain.

Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials were searched for randomized control trials on the effect of blood pressure-lowering medications compared with placebo in participants with episodic migraine.

TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of cosmetics on the ocular surface.

In this report the use of eye cosmetic products and procedures and how this represents a lifestyle challenge that may exacerbate or promote the development of ocular surface and adnexal disease is discussed. Multiple aspects of eye cosmetics are addressed, including their history and market value, psychological and social impacts, possible problems associated with cosmetic ingredients, products, and procedures, and regulations for eye cosmetic use. In addition, a systematic review that critically appraises randomized controlled trial evidence concerning the ocular effects of eyelash growth products is included.

Allergic contact dermatitis of the eyelids: An interdisciplinary review.

Purpose: A review of the published literature on the pathogenesis and treatment of eyelid allergic contact dermatitis and ocular surface involvement.

Methods: Literature search of MEDLINE (Ovid) was conducted using for allergic contact dermatitis and disease of the eyelid or periorbital skin. Dates included in search criteria were from January 1, 2010 to January 12, 2023.

Bioengineered Pancreas-Liver Crosstalk in a Microfluidic Coculture Chip Identifies Human Metabolic Response Signatures in Prediabetic Hyperglycemia.

Aberrant glucose homeostasis is the most common metabolic disturbance affecting one in ten adults worldwide. Prediabetic hyperglycemia due to dysfunctional interactions between different human tissues, including pancreas and liver, constitutes the largest risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. However, this early stage of metabolic disease has received relatively little attention.

Multicenter prospective validation study for international chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease consensus diagnostic criteria.

Purpose: To validate the international chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) diagnostic criteria (ICCGVHD) compared to the National Institute of Health diagnostic criteria 2014 (NIH2014) for chronic ocular GVHD.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2019, the study enrolled 233 patients with or without chronic ocular GVHD combined with the presence or absence of systemic chronic GVHD in an internationally prospective multicenter and observational cohort from 9 institutions. All patients were evaluated for four clinical parameters of ICCGVHD.

Characterizing Extremely Negative Reviews of Ophthalmologists on Yelp.Com.

Purpose: To perform a retrospective characterization of one-star reviews of ophthalmologists on Yelp.com and to increase understanding of patient complaints on Yelp.com.

Organotypic and Microphysiological Human Tissue Models for Drug Discovery and Development-Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives.

The number of successful drug development projects has been stagnant for decades despite major breakthroughs in chemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Unreliable target identification and poor translatability of preclinical models have been identified as major causes of failure. To improve predictions of clinical efficacy and safety, interest has shifted to three-dimensional culture methods in which human cells can retain many physiologically and functionally relevant phenotypes for extended periods of time.

Hepatic miR-144 Drives Fumarase Activity Preventing NRF2 Activation During Obesity.

Background And Aims: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of metabolic complications associated with obesity, including insulin resistance and the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We have recently discovered that the microRNA miR-144 regulates protein levels of the master mediator of the antioxidant response, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). On miR-144 silencing, the expression of NRF2 target genes was significantly upregulated, suggesting that miR-144 controls NRF2 at the level of both protein expression and activity.

3D Adipose Tissue Culture Links the Organotypic Microenvironment to Improved Adipogenesis.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are strongly associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and impaired adipogenesis. Understanding the molecular underpinnings that control adipogenesis is thus of fundamental importance for the development of novel therapeutics against metabolic disorders. However, translational approaches are hampered as current models do not accurately recapitulate adipogenesis.

Seven Common Allergen Groups Causing Eyelid Dermatitis: Education and Avoidance Strategies.

Objective: Eyelid dermatitis is most commonly attributed to allergic response. This retrospective clinical study identifies common allergens with eyelid involvement and addresses a literary gap by providing a clear approach for effective management of periorbital allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) recurrence.

Methods: Charts of 215 patients diagnosed with periorbital dermatitis who were patch tested with Mayo Clinic Standard Series, Extended Standard Series, and personal products from 2013 to 2017 were examined.

Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging in Nodal Staging and Surveillance of Ocular Melanoma: Case Reports and Review of the Literature.

Ocular melanoma (OM) is a rare noncutaneous malignancy and consists of 2 different subtypes based on the anatomic location in the eye: uveal melanoma and conjunctival melanoma. Like cutaneous melanoma, OM benefits from nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in nodal staging and clinical management. Through the illustration of 2 distinctive cases, we aim to demonstrate the complementary roles of standard lymphoscintigraphy, advanced SPECT/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and F-FDG PET/MRI in accurate nodal staging and surveillance of OM.

Effects of Intense Pulsed Light on Tear Film TGF-β and Microbiome in Ocular Rosacea with Dry Eye.

Purpose: To assess tear film transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and ocular microbiome changes after intense pulsed light with meibomian gland expression (IPL-MGX) vs only MGX in treating ocular rosacea with dry eye symptoms.

Methods: Twenty patients were randomly assigned to IPL-MGX or MGX. Patients were examined, treated, and administered the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) survey every 4-6 weeks for four total treatments.

In vitro and ex vivo models of adipocytes.

Adipocytes are specialized cells with pleiotropic roles in physiology and pathology. Several types of fat cells with distinct metabolic properties coexist in various anatomically defined fat depots in mammals. White, beige, and brown adipocytes differ in their handling of lipids and thermogenic capacity, promoting differences in size and morphology.

Facile Nanoimprinting of Robust High-Aspect-Ratio Nanostructures for Human Cell Biomechanics.

High-aspect-ratio and hierarchically nanostructured surfaces are common in nature. Synthetic variants are of interest for their specific chemical, mechanic, electric, photonic, or biologic properties but are cumbersome in fabrication or suffer from structural collapse. Here, we replicated and directly biofunctionalized robust, large-area, and high-aspect-ratio nanostructures by nanoimprint lithography of an off-stoichiometric thiol-ene-epoxy polymer.