Infants Eligible for Neonatal Hypoglycemia Screening: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Neonatal hypoglycemia is common, occurring in up to 50% of infants at risk for hypoglycemia (infant of diabetic mother [IDM], small for gestational age [SGA], large for gestational age [LGA], and preterm) and is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. Guidelines recommend screening infants at risk of hypoglycemia. The proportion of infants who require screening for neonatal hypoglycemia is unknown.

Prophylactic Oral Dextrose Gel and Neurosensory Impairment at 2-Year Follow-up of Participants in the hPOD Randomized Trial.

Importance: Prophylactic oral dextrose gel reduces neonatal hypoglycemia, but later benefits or harms remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the effects on later development of prophylactic dextrose gel for infants born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective follow-up of a multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted in 18 Australian and New Zealand hospitals from January 2015 to May 2019.

Oral dextrose gel for the treatment of hypoglycaemia in newborn infants.

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia, a common condition, can be associated with brain injury. It is frequently managed by providing infants with an alternative source of glucose, often given enterally with milk-feeding or intravenously with dextrose solution, which may decrease breastfeeding success. Intravenous dextrose also often requires that mother and baby are cared for in separate environments.

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at-risk neonates.

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is a common condition that can be associated with brain injury. Current practice usually includes early identification of at-risk infants (e.g.

Effect of Prophylactic Dextrose Gel on Continuous Measures of Neonatal Glycemia: Secondary Analysis of the Pre-hPOD Trial.

Objective: To determine the effects of different doses of prophylactic dextrose gel on glycemic stability assessed using continuous glucose monitoring in the first 48 hours when given to babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.

Study Design: Continuous glucose monitoring was undertaken for the first 48 hours in 133 infants at risk of hypoglycemia who participated in the pre-hPOD randomized dosage trial of dextrose gel prophylaxis.

Results: Low glucose concentrations were detected in 41% of infants by blood glucose monitoring and 68% by continuous interstitial glucose monitoring.

Evaluation of oral dextrose gel for prevention of neonatal hypoglycemia (hPOD): A multicenter, double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is common and can cause brain injury. Buccal dextrose gel is effective for treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia, and when used for prevention may reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in babies at risk, but its clinical utility remains uncertain.

Methods And Findings: We conducted a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial in 18 New Zealand and Australian maternity hospitals from January 2015 to May 2019.

Two-year outcomes after dextrose gel prophylaxis for neonatal hypoglycaemia.

Objective: To determine the effect of prophylactic dextrose gel for prevention of neonatal hypoglycaemia on neurodevelopment and executive function at 2 years' corrected age.

Design: Prospective follow-up of a randomised trial.

Setting: New Zealand.

Adherence to neonatal hypoglycaemia guidelines: A retrospective cohort study.

Aim: To determine if the routine use of automatically calculated birthweight centiles prior to discharge from the delivery unit is associated with improved adherence to the neonatal hypoglycaemia guideline.

Methods: We conducted retrospective audits of adherence to the neonatal hypoglycaemia guideline in a tertiary maternity hospital in Auckland, New Zealand in a randomly selected cohort of newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia before (2011) and after (2015) the introduction of routine use of calculated birthweight centiles for all infants. The primary outcome was adherence to the guideline, defined as (i) blood glucose concentration screening in the first 48 h after birth; (ii) the initial measurement taken 1-2 h after birth; and (iii) at least three consecutive blood glucose concentrations ≥2.

Relationship between BMI and adiposity among different ethnic groups in 2-year-old New Zealand children.

Age- and sex-based BMI cut-offs are used to define overweight and obesity, but the relationship between BMI and body composition has not been very well studied in children or compared between children of different ethnic groups. Body size and composition in childhood are also influenced by size at birth. Our aim was to compare body size and composition at 2 years in children with different ethnicity and size at birth.

An emerging evidence base for the management of neonatal hypoglycaemia.

Neonatal hypoglycaemia is common, and screening and treatment of babies considered at risk is widespread, despite there being little reliable evidence upon which to base management decisions. Although there is now evidence about which babies are at greatest risk, the threshold for diagnosis, best approach to treatment and later outcomes all remain uncertain. Recent studies suggest that treatment with dextrose gel is safe and effective and may help support breast feeding.

Prophylactic Oral Dextrose Gel for Newborn Babies at Risk of Neonatal Hypoglycaemia: A Randomised Controlled Dose-Finding Trial (the Pre-hPOD Study).

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is common, affecting up to 15% of newborns, and can cause brain damage. Currently, there are no strategies, beyond early feeding, to prevent neonatal hypoglycaemia. Our aim was to determine a dose of 40% oral dextrose gel that will prevent neonatal hypoglycaemia in newborn babies at risk.

Oral dextrose gel for the treatment of hypoglycaemia in newborn infants.

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia, a common condition, can be associated with brain injury. It is frequently managed by providing infants with an alternative source of glucose, given enterally with formula or intravenously with dextrose solution. This often requires that mother and baby are cared for in separate environments and may inhibit breast feeding.

Randomised trial of neonatal hypoglycaemia prevention with oral dextrose gel (hPOD): study protocol.

Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is common, affecting up to 15% of newborn babies and 50% of those with risk factors (preterm, infant of a diabetic, high or low birthweight). Hypoglycaemia can cause brain damage and death, and babies born at risk have an increased risk of developmental delay in later life. Treatment of hypoglycaemia usually involves additional feeding, often with infant formula, and admission to Neonatal Intensive Care for intravenous dextrose.