The association between parameters of physical activity and olfactory function-the importance of frequency and moderate intensity.

Introduction: Overall physical activity (PA) has been linked to decreased olfactory dysfunction and could improve olfactory function. Additionally, decreased olfactory function can contribute to reduced overall PA levels, given its association with neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to examine the relationship between specific PA parameters (duration, frequency, intensity) and olfactory function in adults.

Body image and health-related behaviors among fitspirit participants.

Background: Body image variables such as body size perception (BSP) and body size dissatisfaction (BSD) can influence health-related behaviors. However, few studies have investigated these body image variables in adolescent girls participating in a physical activity intervention. Therefore, the study objectives were to examine the 1) associations between health-related behaviors (physical activity, screen-time, eating habits and sleep duration) and BSP and BSD among girls participating in FitSpirit, a physical activity intervention for girls; and 2) influence of weight control practices on the association between health-related behaviors and BSP and BSD.

Activate Your Health: impact of a real-life programme promoting healthy lifestyle habits in Canadian workers.

The workplace has been suggested as a good setting for the promotion of healthy lifestyles. This article examines the impact of Activate Your Health programme, provided over an average of 1.35 years, on employee health and lifestyle habits (actual and intention to improve).

Improvement Predictors in a Workplace Program Promoting Healthy Lifestyle Habits.

Background: The baseline characteristics of employees to predict improvements in healthy lifestyle habits (LHs) following workplace health promotion programs are underexplored. This study sought to identify predictors of improvements in physical activity (PA), eating habits, sleep habits, and stress management, and health risk factors resulting from healthy LHs.

Methods: The Activate Your Health program included 3 packages of an increasing number of interventions: light, moderate, and high.

Better health indicators of FitSpirit participants meeting 24-h movement guidelines for Canadian children and youth.

This study aims to determine the proportion of girls who meet the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time and sleep duration among FitSpirit participants and evaluate the associations of these recommendations with perceived health-related quality of life (QOL), perceived health, physical activity (PA), self-efficacy and body mass index. Cross-sectional analyses of FitSpirit data were performed. All variables were collected through an online questionnaire.

Healthier Lifestyle for Girls Who Accumulate More Years in the FitSpirit School-Based Intervention.

The main aim was to verify in a group of adolescent girls undergoing a school-based intervention if the number of years of participation in the intervention is related to healthy lifestyle habits, body weight status, and perceived health. Cross-sectional analysis of the FitSpirit data was performed. Body mass index, lifestyle variables, and perceived health were collected through an online questionnaire.

Changes in Lifestyle Habits among Adolescent Girls after FitSpirit Participation.

Adolescence is a crucial time in the development and maintenance of lifestyle habits. Interventions to improve health-related behaviors are important, including those that can contribute to an increase in physical activity (PA). During adolescence, PA typically decreases with age, particularly in girls.

Interaction between body weight status and walking speed in steps monitoring by GT3X accelerometer.

The measurement error of the step count function of the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer was assessed at different walking speeds in 12 obese and 16 nonobese individuals. In comparison with visual verification, the accelerometer step count function measurement error was larger for obese individuals walking at low speeds (2.5 km·h(-1)).

After-school snack intake among Canadian children and adolescents.

Objectives: The article describes the after-school (AS) snacking pattern of young Canadians and its relationship with the amount of energy consumed daily and at dinner.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional dietary data, measured by 24h recall, from 9,131 children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years from the Canadian Community Health Survey, cycle 2.2 (2004).

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: results from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey.

The 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey provides the most recent measured body mass index (BMI) data for children and adolescents. However, different methodologies exist for classifying BMI among children and youth. Based on the most recent World Health Organization classification, nearly a third of 5- to 17-year-olds were overweight or obese.

The effect of tesofensine on appetite sensations.

Tesofensine (TE), an inhibitor of monoamine presynaptic reuptake, has produced twice the weight loss seen with currently marketed drugs. However, its long term effect on appetite in humans has not been studied. A multicentre phase II trial was divided into two parts (24 weeks each).

Milk supplementation facilitates appetite control in obese women during weight loss: a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Dairy products provide Ca and protein which may facilitate appetite control. Conversely, weight loss is known to increase the motivation to eat. This randomised controlled trial verified the influence of milk supplementation on appetite markers during weight loss.

Dairy beverages and energy balance.

High dairy intakes have been associated with lower rates of obesity in observational studies, but mechanisms to explain the association are lacking. A high intake of dairy protein reduces spontaneous food intake and may be one important mechanism, but more specific effects of dairy calcium seem to exist. We have found that high versus low calcium intakes from dairy products had no effect on 24-h energy expenditure or substrate oxidation rates, but fecal fat excretion increased approximately 2.

Comparison of 150-mm versus 100-mm visual analogue scales in free living adult subjects.

The aim of this study was to verify whether appetite sensation scores obtained from 150-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) can be compared to those obtained from 100-mm scales. On one occasion, using a within-subject design, 25 participants (mean age: 42.2 + or - 13.

Milk products, insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes.

A growing body of evidence suggests an inverse relationship between calcium and vitamin D status and dairy food intake and the development of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM). Observational studies show a consistent inverse association between dairy intake and the prevalence of IRS and t2DM. In a systematic review of the observational evidence, the odds for developing the IRS was 0.

Relationship between diet-induced changes in body fat and appetite sensations in women.

To quantify the impact of weight/fat loss on appetite sensations, 54 overweight women followed a caloric restriction program (-2900 kJ/day). Their body composition and appetite sensations were assessed. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to measure desire to eat, hunger, fullness and prospective food consumption.

Relationship between food insecurity and body composition in Ugandans living in urban Kampala.

The aim of this pilot study was to document the association between food insecurity and body composition among men and women from urban Kampala (Uganda, East Africa) with an emphasis on the potential discrepancy between the sexes. A convenience sample of 60 food secure subjects (30 males and 30 females) and 60 food insecure subjects (30 males and 30 females) matched by age between sexes and categories were tested at home by trained research assistants. To categorize the subjects as food secure or food insecure, the Radimer/Cornell Hunger and Food Insecurity instrument was used.

In vivo complementation of ureB restores the ability of Helicobacter pylori to colonize.

The objective of this study was to determine (i) if complementation of ureB-negative Helicobacter pylori restores colonization and (ii) if urease is a useful reporter for promoter activity in vivo. Strains used were M6, M6DeltaureB, and 10 recombinant derivatives of M6 or M6DeltaureB in which urease expression was under the control of different H. pylori promoters.