Role of Tetrasomy for the Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma Using UroVysion Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization.

Context: -UroVysion fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is routinely used to detect urothelial carcinoma (UC). A positive threshold is defined as chromosome polysomy in 4 or more cells, which also includes tetrasomy, a natural product of cell division.

Objectives: -To evaluate tetrasomy for UC detection and explore the relation to the surgical diagnosis or patient history.

A microRNA expression ratio defining the invasive phenotype in bladder tumors.

Objective: The goal of this study was to identify a microRNA (miRNA) signature in bladder cancer capable of differentiating superficial from invasive disease.

Methods: Expression profiling of 343 miRNAs was performed in a microarray format using noninvasive and invasive bladder carcinoma cell lines with differential expression confirmed using a single molecule detection platform assay. miR-21 and miR-205 expression levels were determined in 53 bladder tumors (28 superficial and 25 invasive).

A single-molecule method for the quantitation of microRNA gene expression.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short endogenous noncoding RNA molecules that regulate fundamental cellular processes such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis through modulation of gene expression. Critical to understanding the role of miRNAs in this regulation is a method to rapidly and accurately quantitate miRNA gene expression. Existing methods lack sensitivity, specificity and typically require upfront enrichment, ligation and/or amplification steps.