Functional and structural outcomes and complications after pars plana vitrectomy for severe features of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and structural outcomes as well as postoperative complications after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for severe features of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.

Methods: Twenty two eyes of type 1 diabetics (DM1 group) and 27 eyes of type 2 diabetics (DM2 group) were included. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative structural changes in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and postoperative complications such as recurrent vitreous haemorrhage, diabetic macular oedema, secondary glaucoma and persistent tractional retinal detachment (TRD) were assessed and compared between the two groups.

Vascular density and macular sensitivity in eyes after scleral buckling surgery for macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: To investigate the structure and function of the retina after scleral buckling (SB) surgery due to macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: Twenty eyes with repaired macula-on RRD and 20 fellow eyes were included. All patients within 6-12 months of the procedure, were examined to evaluate retinal structure using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and vessel density (VD) by OCT angiography (OCTA).

Polymorphisms in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome in Polish Population.

Purpose: To evaluate polymorphisms in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Materials And Methods: We studied 81 patients (23 males and 58 females, the median age 76 years) and 91 control subjects (27 males and 64 females, the median age 75 years). Genotypes of the polymorphisms (SNPs), rs3087554 and rs2279590, were determined using a commercially available validated genotyping assays.

Long-Term Anatomic and Functional Outcomes after Macular Hole Surgery.

Aim: To evaluate the structural and functional outcomes in patients who underwent macular hole (MH) surgery in the long-term follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Forty-four eyes of 40 patients (28 females and 12 males) were examined. The examination included visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, and colour vision testing.

Evaluation of TGF-Beta 2 and VEGF Gene Expression Levels in Epiretinal Membranes and Internal Limiting Membranes in the Course of Retinal Detachments, Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy, Macular Holes, and Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes.

Purpose: To evaluate the expression profiles of the VEGF and TGF in the ERMs and ILMs in retinal disorders.

Methods: In this nonrandomized prospective study, 75 patients (34 females and 41 males) referred to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) due to different retinal diseases were enrolled to the study. The samples of ERMs and ILMs collected during PPV were immediately put in TRIzol® Reagent (Life Technologies, USA) and stored at -70°C until RNA extraction.

Immunohistochemical analysis of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 and clusterin expression in lens epithelial cells of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is an age-associated, sight disorder affecting elastic fibers in the eye and visceral organs but its exact etiology remains unknown. The purpose of the current study was to determine the morphology and ultrastructure of lens epithelial cells (LECs), and to use immunohistochemistry to examine localization of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) and clusterin. Anterior lens capsules were obtained from 24 patients (13 PEX and 11 controls) who underwent phacoemulsification.

Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in diabetic retinopathy.

Introduction: Diabetic macular edema, a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy, occurs more frequently in type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is evidence that inflammation plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis. A number of pro-inflammatory cytokines are consistently elevated in the vitreous of patients with advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy.

[The opinion of the Expert Group of the Polish Society of Ophthalmology on using nepafenac in the prevention of postoperative macular edema after cataract surgery in diabetic patients].

Nepafenac is an innovative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in ophthalmology for the prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery. Along with its anti-inflammatory effect, nepafenac has some unique properties which distinguish it from other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is a prodrug activated to amfenac after it penetrates through the corneal layers to the aqueous humour and the ciliary body.

Photoreceptor Inner and Outer Segment Junction Reflectivity after Vitrectomy for Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose. To evaluate the spatial distribution of photoreceptor inner and outer segment junction (IS/OS) reflectivity changes after successful vitrectomy for macula-off retinal detachment (PPV-mOFF) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SdOCT). Methods.

The diagnostic function of OCT in diabetic maculopathy.

Diabetic maculopathy (DM) is one of the major causes of vision impairment in individuals with diabetes. The traditional approach to diagnosis of DM includes fundus ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. Although very useful clinically, these methods do not contribute much to the evaluation of retinal morphology and its thickness profile.

Endothelial cell markers in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

The aim of the study was the assessment of the von Willebrand antigen (vWF Ag), E-selectin, and P-selectin concentration in blood plasma of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX). The group studied comprised 30 patients with PEX, aged from 50 to 86 years (mean 73, SD ± 8 years). Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, infectious disease, cancer, renal or liver insufficiency, connective tissue disease, current smoking, and hormone, antiplatelet, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, or antihypertensive drug therapy were excluded from the study.

Treatment of full-thickness pressure ulcers with a gentamicin sponge: a case report.

Background: Five pressure ulcers (stage III and stage IV) were successfully treated with collagen sponges filled with gentamicin.

Case Description: All ulcers occurred in an immobile 94-year-old woman with advanced dementia. One of the pressure ulcers, located on the patient's sacrum, was considered life-threatening due to size and depth.

Malignant glaucoma and central retinal vein occlusion after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the case of malignant glaucoma complicated by CRVO occurring after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.

Material And Methods: A 75 years old woman with pseudophakia and cardiovascular disease had undergone Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, the day after capsulotomy IOP increased in that eye up to 50 mmHg. Medical treatment alone appeared to be unsuccessful.

[Open globe injuries--selected epidemiologic features in own material].

Purpose: To evaluate chosen epidemiological factors in perforating eye injuries in own material

Material And Method: Retrospective case review over period from 2001 to 2003 hospitalised in the Department of Ophthalmology in Bydgoszcz. The group studied comprised 78 patients (79 eyes) aged from 4 to 77 years. Analyzed were following data: age, gender, the extend of the injury, visual acuity at presentation, the presence of - and intraocular foreign body nature, type of injury, professional activity, and other factors (alcohol use, glasses).

[Difficulties in diagnosing Graves' ophthalmopathy--case report].

Purpose: The aim is to present diagnostic difficulties which may occur when diagnosing Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Material And Methods: 49-year-old woman, who had been smoking 20 cigarettes a day since she was 21 years old, treated for Graves' disease for 14 years, with the right eyeball protrusion existing for 6 months, dysfunction of eye movements and diplopia, was admitted to the Diabetes and Endocrinology Center in Bydgoszcz. After ophthalmological examination the patient underwent MRI and USG of the orbits which showed a change in the inferior rectus muscle of the right eye which could correspond to orbit tumor.