Brentuximab Vedotin Retreatment in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma or Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: A Retrospective United States Claims Analysis.

Brentuximab vedotin (BV) monotherapy (BV-M) and combination (BV-C) therapies are safe and effective for classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). Although the sample sizes have been small (12-29 patients), in clinical studies, response rates of 53-88% have been reported for BV retreatment in patients with an initial BV response. We evaluated the real-world characteristics and treatment patterns of cHL/PTCL patients who received BV and were retreated in the United States.

Clinical, economic, and health-related quality of life outcomes in patients with overweight or obesity in the United States: 2016-2018.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate clinical, economic (including productivity), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes and associated individual characteristics among adults with overweight (OW) or obesity in the United States.

Methods: This study included adult respondents with body mass index (BMI) ≥18.5 kg/m in the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Outcomes of Warfarin Home INR Monitoring vs Office-Based Monitoring: a Retrospective Claims-Based Analysis.

Background: Home INR testing (patient self-testing) is feasible and effective for warfarin patients but little is known about real-world differences in outcomes for patients using PST versus laboratory-based INR monitoring.

Objective: To compare the safety/efficacy of patient self-testing of real-world warfarin therapy versus office/lab-based monitoring of therapy.

Design/setting/participants/exposure: A retrospective claims-based analysis of warfarin patients enrolled in the MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare databases between January 1, 2013, and March 30, 2020.

Diagnosis, testing, treatment, and outcomes among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the United States.

Introduction: Characteristics of patients in clinical trials may differ from those of real-world patients. Our objective was to describe biomarker testing and outcomes among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) in a real-world setting.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients ≥18 years old, diagnosed with stage IIIB/C or IV NSCLC, and in the TEMPUS oncology dataset from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020.

Cognition and education benefits of increased hemoglobin and blood oxygenation in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Among individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), decreased hemoglobin is associated with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased risk of stroke, both of which are associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Thus, increasing hemoglobin and SpO2 in individuals with SCD may increase IQ and educational attainment.

Methods: A cohort simulation model was built to determine academic performance and educational attainment based on cognitive function (measured by IQ) of a pediatric SCD cohort randomly assigned to treatment and control groups.

Incremental Health Care Costs of Anxiety and Depression Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Cancer.

Purpose: Mental health comorbidities are commonplace among patients with cancer and have been associated with adverse health outcomes and elevated health care costs. Given the rapidly evolving cancer care landscape, an updated understanding of the prevalence and costs of mental health conditions among patients with cancer is needed. This study assessed the incremental costs of anxiety and depression among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

Estimating Productivity Loss from Breast and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer among Working-Age Patients and Unpaid Caregivers: A Survey Study Using the Multiplier Method.

Unlabelled: Traditional approaches to capturing health-related productivity loss (e.g., the human capital method) focus only on the foregone wages of affected patients, overlooking the losses caregivers can incur.

Recognition & management of varicella infections and accuracy of antimicrobial recommendations: Case vignettes study in the US.

Background: In 1995, the CDC recommended one-dose routine varicella immunization for children <12 years of age, expanding its recommendation to two doses in 2006. Today, with widespread varicella vaccination coverage, an estimated 3.5 million cases of varicella, 9,000 hospitalizations, and 100 deaths are prevented annually in the United States.

The value of survival gains from therapeutic innovations for US patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Aims: This study quantifies the value of survival gains attributable to novel treatments approved since 2003 for United States (US) patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).

Methods: We estimated the increase in survival attributable to lenalidomide and bortezomib for multiple myeloma (MM) patients in the 1983-2013 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. To estimate the survival benefit of treatments approved since 2015 (carfilzomib, elotuzomab, daratumumab, used in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone) we used clinical trial data to calibrate survival estimated using the SEER data.

Antiobesity Medication Use Among Overweight and Obese Adults in the United States: 2015-2018.

Objective: To estimate the utilization of U.S. Food and Drug Administration- approved prescription antiobesity medications (AOMs) and to identify factors associated with AOM use in the United States.

Two steps forward, one step back: 50 years of societal value from LDL-C-lowering therapies.

Objectives: To assess the evolving landscape of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering therapies (LLTs) and quantify their effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality and morbidity.

Study Design: Secondary data came from LLT clinical trials and 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. 1996-2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data were used to estimate LLT spending.

Changes in mortality associated with cancer drug approvals in the United States from 2000 to 2016.

Aims: To estimate the extent to which the approvals of new pharmacological therapies were associated with cancer mortality in the USA between 2000 and 2016.

Materials And Methods: The analysis quantified cancer drug approvals across the 15 tumor types with the highest incidence. Number of approvals in a given time period for each tumor was translated into a treatment stock measure, defined as a weighted sum of new indication approvals since 1976.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient Preferences for First-Line Treatment: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

There has been much innovation in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years. In particular, use of immuno-oncology (IO) therapies has been growing. Patients with NSCLC in the United States were surveyed online using a discrete choice experiment to elicit first-line (1L) treatment preferences across six treatment attributes: survival, adverse events (AEs), mechanism of action (MOA), subsequent treatment options (STOs), genetic testing treatment delay, and out-of-pocket cost (OOPC).

Modeling the impact of patient treatment preference on health outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Model how moving from current disease-modifying drug (DMD) prescribing patterns for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) observed in the United Kingdom (UK) to prescribing patterns based on patient preferences would impact health outcomes over time. A cohort-based Markov model was used to measure the effect of DMDs on long-term health outcomes for individuals with RRMS. Data from a discrete choice experiment were used to estimate the market shares of DMDs based on patient preferences (i.

The Value of Progression-Free Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Results From a Survey of Patients and Providers.

Value assessments and treatment decision making typically focus on clinical endpoints, especially overall survival (OS). However, OS data are not always available, and surrogate markers may also have some value to patients. This study sought to estimate preferences for progression-free survival (PFS) relative to OS in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) among a diverse set of stakeholders-patients, oncologists, and oncology nurses-and estimate the value patients and providers place on other attributes of treatment.

Using Information on Patient Adherence to Antipsychotic Medication to Understand Their Adherence to Other Medications.

Purpose: To assess how patient adherence to atypical antipsychotic medications is associated with adherence to concurrently used medications that treat other serious mental illnesses (SMIs), type-2 diabetes, or hypertension.

Methods: Among patients who had been diagnosed with an SMI (i.e.

Medication Adherence Patterns Among Patients with Multiple Serious Mental and Physical Illnesses.

Introduction: Patients with mental and physical health conditions are complex to treat and often use multiple medications. It is unclear how adherence to one medication predicts adherence to others. A predictive relationship could permit less expensive adherence monitoring if overall adherence could be predicted through tracking a single medication.

What do pharmaceuticals really cost in the long run?

Objectives: To estimate the long-run average cost (LAC) for a typical drug, accounting for the effects of generic competition and medical cost offsets.

Study Design: Descriptive analysis of retrospective cross-sectional survey data.

Methods: We estimated the LAC for a drug as the average price per unit paid over the lifecycle of the drug, discounted across all time periods using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data, and accounted for the effects of generic competition and medical cost offsets attributable to the use of pharmaceuticals.

Economic burden of multiple myeloma among patients in successive lines of therapy in the United States.

This study characterized the costs of multiple myeloma (MM) during first-line (1L), second-line (2L) and third-line (3L) treatment from the US payer perspective. Patients with ≥2 outpatient or ≥1 inpatient claims with a primary MM diagnosis and 12 months continuous enrollment post index were identified in a retrospective claims database between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2013. A cost per-patient per-month (PPPM) metric was used to calculate total all-cause and anti-MM pharmacy costs in 1L, 2L, and 3L treatment.

The relationship between adherence and total spending among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: This study examined the relationship between medication adherence, cost sharing measured as out-of-pocket spending, and total annual spending in Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to evaluate whether pharmacy cost-sharing programs have the potential to decrease adherence. These programs may unintentionally increase the risk of medical complications and may result in higher spending overall.

Study Design: This retrospective study used 2006 to 2009 Medicare claims data.

Cost-effectiveness of sequenced treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with targeted immune modulators.

Aims: To determine the cost-effectiveness of treatment sequences of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or Janus kinase/STAT pathway inhibitors (collectively referred to as bDMARDs) vs conventional DMARDs (cDMARDs) from the US societal perspective for treatment of patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with inadequate responses to cDMARDs.

Materials And Methods: An individual patient simulation model was developed that assesses the impact of treatments on disease based on clinical trial data and real-world evidence. Treatment strategies included sequences starting with etanercept, adalimumab, certolizumab, or abatacept.

The value of survival gains in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Objectives: To measure the value of survival gains attributable to the introduction of 3 novel therapies for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Study Design: Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with MDS in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) registry, clinical trial evidence for MDS therapies, and claims data.

Methods: We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the increase in survival associated with the introduction of the 3 new therapies for patients diagnosed with MDS from 2001 to 2011 in the SEER cancer registry.

The Value of Survival Gains in Pancreatic Cancer from Novel Treatment Regimens.

Background: Metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) is associated with low survival, with less than 10% of patients surviving 5 years. Recent therapies improve survival outcomes where few alternative therapies exist, but few economic analyses measure the value of survival gains attributable to new therapies.

Objective: To estimate the value of survival gains in advanced or mPC attributable to the introduction of novel treatment regimens.