In Vitro Resistance-Predicting Studies and In Vitro Resistance-Related Parameters-A Hit-to-Lead Perspective.

Despite the urgent need for new antibiotics, very few innovative antibiotics have recently entered clinics or clinical trials. To provide a constant supply of new drug candidates optimized in terms of their potential to select for resistance in natural settings, in vitro resistance-predicting studies need to be improved and scaled up. In this review, the following in vitro parameters are presented: frequency of spontaneous mutant selection (FSMS), mutant prevention concentration (MPC), dominant mutant prevention concentration (MPC-D), inferior-mutant prevention concentration (MPC-F), and minimal selective concentration (MSC).

Exploiting thiol-functionalized benzosiloxaboroles for achieving diverse substitution patterns - synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of promising antibacterial agents.

Benzosiloxaboroles are an emerging class of medicinal agents possessing promising antimicrobial activity. Herein, the expedient synthesis of two novel thiol-functionalized benzosiloxaboroles 1e and 2e is reported. The presence of the SH group allowed for diverse structural modifications involving the thiol-Michael addition, oxidation, as well as nucleophilic substitution giving rise to a series of 27 new benzosiloxaboroles containing various polar functional groups, , carbonyl, ester, amide, imide, nitrile, sulfonyl and sulfonamide, and pendant heterocyclic rings.

Inflation and health: a global scoping review.

High levels of economic inflation can adversely affect societies and individuals in many ways. Although numerous studies explore the health implications of macroeconomic factors, systematic investigation of the inflation-health nexus has been scarce. We conducted a comprehensive scoping review mapping the literature on inflation and health.

Dietary habits, physical activity, and self-reported rhinosinusitis in children and adolescents.

Background: Pediatric paranasal rhinosinusitis is one of the more common pediatric diseases of the upper respiratory tract and it entails significant morbidity. Most commonly, it is caused by a viral infection of the nasal mucosa, which spreads through the natural passages within the cavities of the paranasal sinuses, leading to inflammation of the mucosa that lines the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Methods: The objective of this cohort study was to assess whether there is a correlation between pediatric rhinosinusitis, physical activity, and selected dietary habits among pupils aged 6 to 16 years from elementary schools in Wrocław, Poland.

Fatigue based on the subjective feeling of people representing selected medical professions.

Objectives: Fatigue can be the result of overexertion and overload. It occurs when the burdened body does not have enough time for regeneration and biological renewal. The aim of this study was analysis of fatigue based on the subjective feeling in physiotherapists, nurses, and paramedics.

Aromatic Diboronic Acids as Effective KPC/AmpC Inhibitors.

Over 30 compounds, including -, -, and -phenylenediboronic acids, -substituted phenylboronic acids, benzenetriboronic acids, di- and triboronated thiophenes, and pyridine derivatives were investigated as potential β-lactamase inhibitors. The highest activity against KPC-type carbapenemases was found for -phenylenediboronic acid , which at the concentration of 8/4 mg/L reduced carbapenems' MICs up to 16/8-fold, respectively. Checkerboard assays revealed strong synergy between carbapenems and with the fractional inhibitory concentrations indices of 0.

Mutant Prevention Concentration, Frequency of Spontaneous Mutant Selection, and Mutant Selection Window-a New Approach to the Determination of the Antimicrobial Potency of Compounds.

The analysis of antimicrobial activity is usually MIC- and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)-focused, though also crucial are resistance-related parameters, e.g., the frequency of spontaneous mutant selection (FSMS), the mutant prevention concentration (MPC), and the mutant selection window (MSW).

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors in Polish children and adolescents.

Objective: Participating in physical activity (PA) is essential for children's proper development. Promoting physical activity from early school years is considered a highly important prevention task for good health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of PA and sedentary behavior of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years attending primary and junior high schools in Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, Poland.

Characteristics of paediatric foot arches according to body mass among primary school students in Wrocław, Poland.

Background: The purpose of this study, conducted within the framework of the project entitled 'Let's get the kids moving', was to determine the associations between children's longitudinal and transverse foot arch and their weight, gender and age.

Method: The pro-health initiative 'Let's get the kids moving' was created by researchers of the Medical University and the Run for Health Foundation. A total of 655 children (51.

Oxazoline scaffold in synthesis of benzosiloxaboroles and related ring-expanded heterocycles: diverse reactivity, structural peculiarities and antimicrobial activity.

Two isomeric benzosiloxaborole derivatives 3a and 5a bearing fluorine and 4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolin-2-yl substituents attached to the aromatic rings were obtained. Both compounds were prone to hydrolytic cleavage of the oxazoline ring after initial protonation or methylation of the nitrogen atom. The derivative 3c featuring -methylammoniumalkyl ester functionality was successfully subjected to -sulfonylation and -acylation reactions to give respective derivatives which demonstrates its potential for modular synthesis of structurally extended benzosiloxaboroles.

Assessment of the elementary school students' schoolbag weight in the urban environment in Poland: A cross-sectional study carried out as a part of the 'Lightweight Schoolbag' and 'Let's Get the Kids Moving' projects.

Background: Carrying a properly weighted schoolbag is an important factor in preventing the occurrence of muscular skeletal disorder in early school age children.

Objective: The purpose of this cross- sectional observational study was to examine the schoolbag weight and to determine the percentage of children were carrying overloaded schoolbag.

Methods: The study group included pupils from five primary public schools in Wrocław, Poland.

Nutritional habits according to age and BMI of 6-17-year-old children from the urban municipality in Poland.

Background: Balanced nutrition is crucial for adolescent's proper physical and mental development. Dietary habits change significantly with a child's development. Along with increasing age and the shift towards adolescence, unhealthy diet-related habits become more common.

Immune Cells Profiling in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Patients-Relation to Disease Activity.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of necrotizing multiorgan autoimmune vasculitides that predominantly affect small blood vessels and are associated with the presence of ANCAs. The aim was to assess regulatory and effector cell populations accompanied by the suPAR biomarker level and link the so-defined immune state to the AAV disease activity. The research involved a multicomponent description of an immune state encompassing a range of B and T cell subsets such as transitional/regulatory B cells (CD19CD24CD38), naïve B cells (CD19CD24CD38), Th17 cells, T regulatory cells (CD4CD25FoxP3) and cytotoxic CD4CD28 cells by flow cytometry.

Chronic rhinosinusitis in cystic fibrosis: a review of therapeutic options.

Purpose: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is observed in almost 100% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). CF-related CRS treatment is extremely challenging because of the underlying genetic defect leading to its development. CRS in CF is often refractory to standard therapy, while recurrences after surgical treatment are inevitable in the majority of patients.

Delaying BCG immunotherapy onset after transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is associated with adverse survival outcomes.

Purpose: This study was carried out to assess whether a prolonged time between primary transurethral resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (TURB) and implementation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy (time to BCG; TTBCG) is associated with adverse oncological survival in patients with T1 high-grade (HG) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Materials And Methods: Data on 429 patients from 13 tertiary care centers with primary T1HG NMIBC treated with reTURB and maintenance BCG between 2001 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Change-point regression was applied following Muggeo's approach.

Restaging Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumours after BCG Immunotherapy Induction in Patients with T1 Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Might not Be Associated with Oncologic Benefit.

Background And Purpose: The European Association of Urology guidelines recommend restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumours (reTURB) 2-6 weeks after primary TURB. However, in clinical practice some patients undergo a second TURB procedure after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy (BCG)induction. To date, there are no studies comparing post-BCG reTURB with the classic pre-BCG approach.

A study on health and the association between overweight/obesity and otorhinolaryngological diseases in 6- to 17-year-old children from Wroclaw, Poland.

Introduction: Childhood overweight and obesity have become a global problem in the past three decades. There are very few studies which examine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the development of otorhinolaryngological diseases in children. The objective of the study was to determine the association between overweight or obesity in children and the occurrence of otorhinolaryngological diseases.

COVID-19 in otolaryngologist practice: a review of current knowledge.

Purpose: Otorhinolaryngological manifestations are common symptoms of COVID-19. This study provides a brief and precise review of the current knowledge regarding COVID-19, including disease transmission, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and potential treatment. The article focused on COVID-19-related information useful in otolaryngologist practice.

Lifestyle-related factors differentiating the prevalence of otorhinolaryngological diseases among 6-17-year-olds from Wrocław, Poland.

An increased prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) and a decrease in physical activity (PA) has been noted in recent decades. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the development of otorhinolaryngological diseases, PA and SB. Study draws on data collected from "Let's Get the Kids Moving" study ("Uruchamiamy dzieciaki"), a school-based survey study examining lifestyle factors among a population of elementary- and junior-high-school children in the city of Wrocław, Poland.

Identification of σ-Dependent Promoter Upstream of from the Pathogenic Spirochaete by Applying an Two-Plasmid System.

There is limited information on gene expression in the pathogenic spirochaete and genetic mechanisms controlling its virulence. Transcription is the first step in gene expression that is often determined by environmental effects, including infection-induced stresses. Alterations in the environment result in significant changes in the transcription of many genes, allowing effective adaptation of to mammalian hosts.

Isolation and Identification of Putative Protein Substrates of the AAA+ Molecular Chaperone ClpB from the Pathogenic Spirochaete .

Bacterial ClpB is an ATP-dependent Hsp100 chaperone that reactivates aggregated proteins in cooperation with the DnaK chaperone system and promotes survival of bacteria under stress conditions. A large number of publications also indicate that ClpB supports the virulence of bacteria, including a pathogenic spirochaete responsible for leptospirosis in both animals and humans. However, the exact role of ClpB in bacterial pathogenicity remains poorly characterized.

Characterization of the molecular chaperone ClpB from the pathogenic spirochaete Leptospira interrogans.

Leptospira interrogans is a spirochaete responsible for leptospirosis in mammals. The molecular mechanisms of the Leptospira virulence remain mostly unknown. Recently, it has been demonstrated that an AAA+ chaperone ClpB (a member of the Hsp100 family) from L.

Immunoreactivity of the AAA+ chaperone ClpB from Leptospira interrogans with sera from Leptospira-infected animals.

Background: Leptospira interrogans is a spirochaete responsible for leptospirosis in mammals. The molecular mechanisms of the Leptospira virulence remain mostly unknown. Recently, it has been demonstrated that L.

The Influence of Efflux Pump Inhibitors on the Activity of Non-Antibiotic NSAIDS against Gram-Negative Rods.

Background: Most patients with bacterial infections suffer from fever and various pains that require complex treatments with antibiotics, antipyretics, and analgaesics. The most common drugs used to relieve these symptoms are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are not typically considered antibiotics. Here, we investigate the effects of NSAIDs on bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics and the modulation of bacterial efflux pumps.