Relationship between mental health and substance abuse on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in youth: A mixed methods longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Mental health and substance use challenges are highly correlated in youth and have been speculated to be associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Literature has also suggested that mental health challenges in youth have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the longitudinal relationship between mental health challenges in youth and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is not well established.

Worldwide Prevalence and Disability From Mental Disorders Across Childhood and Adolescence: Evidence From the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Importance: The period from childhood to early adulthood involves increased susceptibility to the onset of mental disorders, with implications for policy making that may be better appreciated by disaggregated analyses of narrow age groups.

Objective: To estimate the global prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) associated with mental disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) across 4 age groups using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data from the 2019 GBD study were used for analysis of mental disorders and SUDs.

Early alcohol onset: clinical and demographic characteristics of service-seeking youth.

Background: Alcohol use in early adolescence is associated with increased health concerns and other negative consequences. Given the needs of this vulnerable population, it is critical to understand their risk factors and clinical characteristics.

Objective: This cross-sectional study explores the clinical and demographic characteristics of service-seeking youth with and without early alcohol use onset.

Impact Potpourri: A Multimethod Survey Study on Youth Substance Use During COVID-19.

Background: Given the important implications of youth substance use, it is essential to document and describe changes in substance use during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods: This multimethod survey study examines the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on youth substance use among 149 Canadian youth who were using substances at a mid-pandemic period. Participants were 21.

Substance Use Problem Trajectories in Canadian Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Adolescents experience rapid changes and are more vulnerable for developing substance use problems than other age groups. Many studies have focused on the trajectories of adolescent substance use , rather than .

Objective: The present study examined the trajectory of substance use disorder symptoms, particularly beginning in early adolescence and within a Canadian context.

How much is enough? Considering minimally important change in youth mental health outcomes.

To make decisions in mental health care, service users, clinicians, and administrators need to make sense of research findings. Unfortunately, study results are often presented as raw questionnaire scores at different time points and regression coefficients, which are difficult to interpret with regards to their clinical meaning. Other commonly reported treatment outcome indicators in clinical trials or meta-analyses do not convey whether a given change score would make a noticeable difference to service users.

"You can kind of just feel the power behind what someone's saying": a participatory-realist evaluation of peer support for young people coping with complex mental health and substance use challenges.

Background: Youth peer support, as a practice that aligns youth engagement and participatory approaches, has become increasingly popular in the context of youth mental health services. However, there is a need for more evidence that describes how and why youth peer support practice might be effective. This study was designed to examine a peer support service for youth experiencing complex challenges with mental health, physical health and/or substance use to better understand key features and underlying mechanisms that lead to improved client outcomes.

Learning Through a Pandemic: Youth Experiences With Remote Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The objective of this paper was to examine the school-related experiences of youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants represented both clinical and community youth aged 14 to 28 who were sampled as part of a larger study. Feedback from youth attending school during the pandemic was qualitatively examined and youth who planned to attend school prior to the pandemic and did ( = 246) and youth who planned to attend but did not ( = 28) were compared quantitatively.

Advancing Curriculum Development and Design in Health Professions Education: A Health Equity and Inclusion Framework for Education Programs.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated pre-existing health inequities in vulnerable and marginalized patient populations. Continuing professional development (CPD) can be a critical driver of change to improve quality of care, health inequities, and system change. In order for CPD to address these disparities in care for patient populations most affected in the health care system, CPD programs must first address issues of equity and inclusion in their education development and delivery.

The impact of child maltreatment on mental health and substance use trajectories among adolescents.

Aim: There is robust evidence that child maltreatment is a significant risk factor and linked to negative psychological outcomes. However, few studies have examined the impact of child maltreatment on mental health and substance use trajectories across adolescence.

Methods: Data were drawn from a larger longitudinal project, in which participants were recruited starting in grade 7-8 and followed on two more occasions biennially.

The Longitudinal Youth in Transition Study (LYiTS) Cohort Profile: Exploration by Hospital- Versus Community-Based Mental Health Services.

Objectives: Youth face numerous challenges in receiving coordinated and continuous mental health services, particularly as they reach the age of transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS). The Longitudinal Youth in Transition Study (LYiTS) follows youth prospectively as they cross this transition boundary to better understand their transition pathways and resulting symptoms and health service use outcomes. The current paper presents the baseline profile description for the LYiTS cohort and additionally examines differences in symptoms and functioning and health service utilization between youth receiving services at hospital- versus community-based CAMHS.

Intervention outcome preferences for youth who are out of work and out of school: a qualitative study.

Background: While interventions have been developed and tested to help youth who have become disconnected from work and school, there is a paucity of research on young people's intervention preferences. This study aims to understand young people's preferred intervention outcomes and approaches for youth who are out of work and school.

Methods: Thirty youth participated in virtual focus groups.

Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario: Development and initial implementation of integrated youth services in Ontario, Canada.

Aim: The need for youth-friendly early intervention services to meet the mental health, substance use, primary care, and other social needs of adolescents and young adults is well-documented. This article describes Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario, a province-wide initiative in Ontario, Canada to build and implement a one-stop-shop model of integrated youth services.

Methods: We describe the development of Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario, in the context of global youth mental health system transformation, as well as pan-Canadian youth mental health system change.

A qualitative study exploring how young people perceive and experience substance use services in British Columbia, Canada.

Background: Substance use among youth (ages 12-24) is troublesome given the increasing risk of harms associated. Even more so, substance use services are largely underutilized among youth, most only accessing support when in crisis. Few studies have explored young people's help-seeking behaviours to address substance use concerns.

A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Youth Mental Health and Substance use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ontario, Canada: An Exploratory Analysis.

Background: Youth mental health appears to have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact on substance use is less clear, as is the impact on subgroups of youth, including those with pre-existing mental health or substance use challenges.

Objective: This hypothesis-generating study examines the longitudinal evolution of youth mental health and substance use from before the COVID-19 pandemic to over one year into the pandemic among youth with pre-existing mental health or substance use challenges.

Interventions to Reduce Opioid Use in Youth At-Risk and in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Background: Youth and young adults have been significantly impacted by the opioid overdose and health crisis in North America. There is evidence of increasing morbidity and mortality due to opioids among those aged 15-29. Our review of key international reports indicates there are few youth-focused interventions and treatments for opioid use.

The Youth Wellness Quest: A Comprehensive Online Mental Health Literacy and Self-Advocacy Resource Developed by Youth for Youth.

A lack of mental health literacy may impact youths' ability to advocate for themselves as they seek to access and navigate the mental healthcare system. Recognizing this, members of the National Youth Action Council at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, ON, developed the Youth Wellness Quest resource. This health literacy resource informs youth of possible available services, increasing their capacity to make informed mental healthcare decisions.

Gaming My Way to Recovery: A Systematic Scoping Review of Digital Game Interventions for Young People's Mental Health Treatment and Promotion.

Nearly all young people use the internet daily. Many youth with mental health concerns, especially since the Covid-19 pandemic, are using this route to seek help, whether through digital mental health treatment, illness prevention tools, or supports for mental wellbeing. Videogames also have wide appeal among young people, including those who receive mental health services.

Let's Talk Gender: Ten Things Transgender and Nonbinary Youth Want All Researchers to Know.

Youth view gender as a spectrum of experiences, not the cis-binary framework of girls/women versus boys/men. However, research has historically focused on cisgender people, without considering the rich experiences of transgender and non-binary people. Method.

The mental health of young people who are not in education, employment, or training: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: There are increasing concerns about the intersection between NEET (not in education, employment, or training) status and youth mental ill-health and substance use. However, findings are inconsistent and differ across types of problems. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO-CRD42018087446) on the association between NEET status and youth mental health and substance use problems.

Youth Perspectives on Integrated Youth Services: A Discrete Choice Conjoint Experiment.

Objective: Integrated youth services (IYS) are an emerging model of care offering a broad range of mental health and social services for youth in one location. This study aimed to determine the IYS service characteristics most important to youth, as well as to determine whether different classes of youth have different service preferences, and if so, what defines these classes.

Methods: Ontario youth aged 14-29 years with mental health challenges were recruited to participate in a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey.

Longitudinal Emergence of Concurrent Mental Health and Substance Use Concerns in an Ontario School-Based Sample: The Research and Action for Teens Study.

Objectives: This study characterizes patterns of mental health, substance use and their co-occurrence, and identifies developmental trajectories associated with progression from single to concurrent mental health and substance use concerns in an Ontario school-based population. It is a longitudinal extension of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Mental Health Survey, as part of the RAFT collaborative project.

Methods: In this study, an Ontario-wide survey was administered to students across three biennial waves starting in grades 7-8 (ages 12-14).