Results of personalized biological therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and severe uncontrolled bronchial asthma - real-life study.

<b>Introduction:</b> Severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) are frequently comorbid diseases caused by type 2 inflammation. The complete etiology of these forms still remains unexplained, which makes causal and fully effective therapeutic management impossible. New therapeutic options using the knowledge of Th2 inflammatory endotype are based on anti-IL5 (mepolizumab, reslizumab), anti-IL5R (benralizumab), anti-IgE (omalizumab), and anti-IL4/IL13 (dupilumab) monoclonal antibodies.

Evaluation of rhinological symptoms and quality of life in patients with allergic or eosinophilic severe uncontrolled asthma treated with anti-IgE or anti-IL5 therapy-a real live study.

Introduction Patients with asthma have a higher incidence of allergic or nonallergic persistent rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps. The nasal symptoms significantly reduce quality of life and substantially affect the asthma control among these patients. Because of no complete knowledge of the etiology of rhinological symptoms, in some patients the proposed therapeutic options are still ineffective.

Is the Anamnesis Enough to De-Label Patients with Reported Beta-Lactam Allergy?

The decision whether to de-label patient with suspected BL hypersensitivity is based on risk stratification. The aim of this study was to prepare a characteristic of diagnostic risk groups and to create a model enabling the identification of the low-risk diagnostic group. We analyzed the medical records of patients hospitalized due to suspected hypersensitivity to BL antibiotics.

Low-Salicylate Diet in Patients with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease: Personalization of Indications to Dietary Treatment.

Introduction: A particularly aggressive course of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps is seen in patients with bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These patients often report exacerbation associated with consumption of foods reach in salicylates. Therefore, the authors analyzed the effect of a low-salicylate diet (LSD) on the course of chronic sinusitis with polyps in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) to answer the question: which patients would obtain the best therapeutic benefit?

Methods: Adult patients with N-ERD were selected for dietary intervention with LSD.

Eosinophil to lymphocyte ratio may predict OCS reduction and change in quality of life (AQLQ) resulting from asthma biological treatment.

Objectives: Simple clinical parameters that could be helpful in choice of monoclonal antibodies and prediction of their effectiveness are being sought. The aim was to assess if neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios may predict outcomes of biologic therapy for severe asthma.

Methods: Retrospective, single-center study including severe asthma patients treated with three different biologics.

Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis in Europe: Literature Review and Own Experience.

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is primary, Th2-mediated, chronic rhinosinusitis, which is diagnosed when the criteria defined by Bent and Khun are met. The disease is most common in countries located in the subtropical and tropical regions characterized by high temperatures and high levels of humidity, which favour the wider occurrence of fungi in the environment. The presence of specific IgE antibodies directed against fungal allergens, which is one of the diagnostic criteria, proves the systemic nature of the disease and allows one to distinguish AFRS from eosinophilic fungal rhinosinusitis.

Nasal cytology can predict clinical efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy in intermittent allergic rhinitis.

Introduction: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment option available for patients with IgE-mediated allergic rhinitis. The identification of specific biomarkers, which may predict response to AIT, is currently an active field of research in the aspect of recommended personalization of medicine.

Aim: To assess the changes in rhinological parameters in intermittent allergic rhinitis (IAR) patients resulting from subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).

Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Parameters in Elderly Patients.

Background and Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease that can be differentiated into two phenotypes, with or without polyps (CRSwNP) or CRSsNP), which may be unilateral (UNIL) or bilateral (BIL). CRS may have an impact on absolute neutrophils and lymphocytes count in peripheral blood. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the incidence of a specific CRS phenotype changes with age and to compare the values of neutrophils, lymphocytes and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the peripheral blood between groups of patients below and above 65 years of age with different CRS phenotypes.

Epithelial-Cell-Derived Cytokines in Patients with Obesity before and after Bariatric Surgery.

Unlabelled: Abstract/Purpose: Epithelial signals such as interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are stimulators of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs2) that are integral regulators of adipose tissue type 2 immunity. The purpose of this study was to assess cytokines activating ILCs2 in the serum of patients with obesity and the effect of bariatric surgery on these parameters.

Material And Methods: In a single-center prospective study, serum IL-25, IL-33, TSLP, and ST2L levels were assayed at the baseline and at 6 months after bariatric surgery and correlated with anthropometric changes and metabolism parameters.

sCD48 is elevated in non-allergic but not in allergic persistent rhinitis.

Background: CD48 is a costimulatory receptor of the immune response. Interactions between CD48 and CD244 (2B4) on mast cells and eosinophils suggest that these cells can act synergistically in the 'allergic effector unit' to promote inflammation. This report explores the role of CD48 in persistent allergic (PAR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR).

Usefulness of the drug allergy passport in the drug allergy management.

Introduction: Nowadays, the number of people with drug hypersensitivity has been increasing and it has become a major problem for the healthcare system. Unfortunately, not everyone is aware of which medications they can safely use.

Aim: To assess the suitability of a drug allergy passport in patients with drug hypersensitivity in order to increase knowledge about medicines that can be safely used.

Inflammatory lesions in the paranasal sinuses in patients with ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the most widespread chronic diseases in the world, whereas stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. There are numerous reports on the relationship between chronic inflammatory diseases and cardio‑cerebrovascular diseases.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess whether inflammatory lesions in the sinuses can be a risk factor for stroke, similar to other known risk factors such as arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, diabetes, or cigarette smoking.

Elevated Serum Level of CD48 in Patients with Intermittent Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: In the pathogenesis of intermittent allergic rhinitis (IAR), the inflammatory reaction is of importance. CD48, belonging to the CD2 family, participates in mast cell-stimulating cross-talk, facilitates the formation of the mast cell/eosinophil effector unit, and is expressed by eosinophils.

Objectives: To assess the serum level of soluble form of CD48 (sCD48) in patients with IAR during and out of the pollen season and correlate with the disease severity and with eosinophil-related parameters.

Eosinophil/Neutrophil/Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Various Types of Immediate Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs: A Preliminary Study.

Background: The eosinophil/neutrophil/platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios (ELR, NLR, and PLR) have been used as clinical markers of systemic inflammation. However, they have not yet been tested in various subtypes of immediate hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Objectives: To assess the ELR, NLR, and PLR in various types of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.

Serum levels of interleukin 33 and its receptor ST2 in patients treated with subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy in intermittent allergic rhinitis.

Introduction: Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in pathological processes in seasonal allergic rhinitis. IL-33 binds to ST2 receptor, which is highly expressed on mast cells and selectively on Th2 cells. Information is lacking on the role of IL-33/ST2 axis in allergen subcutaneous immunotherapy.

Is there a relationship between asthma and diabetes?

: There is an ongoing discussion regarding the coexistence of bronchial asthma and diabetes. The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between asthma and the diabetes course and the influence of corticosteroid therapy in asthma on diabetes control.: This was a cross-sectional study.

The Effect of Antileukotrienes on the Results of Postoperative Treatment of Paranasal Sinuses in Patients with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.

Background: Based on endoscopic examination, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is divided into chronic inflammation with (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). On the basis of the pathomechanism of inflammation, CRS is divided into endotypes. Eosinophilic CRSwNP with coexisting bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a real therapeutic challenge.

Asthma control in adult patients treated with a combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long‑acting β2‑agonists: a prospective observational study.

INTRODUCTION    Asthma is a highly prevalent disease that often requires maintenance therapy. Combined inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long‑acting β2‑agonist (LABA) inhalers are one of the available maintenance treatment options. OBJECTIVES    This prospective observational study aimed to assess asthma control in patients treated with ICS/LABA inhalers and to identify factors related to optimal asthma control.

Increased Levels of Interleukin-33 and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Chronic Bronchial Asthma.

Background: Epithelium-derived cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25, and IL-33 are important contributors to inflammation in asthma. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a noninvasive method used to assess the inflammation of airways. Our aim was to assess the levels of TSLP, IL-25, IL-33, and its receptor ST2l/IL-1 R4 in EBC in patients with asthma and to correlate these with serum levels and asthma control.

Prevalence of IgE-mediated allergy and evaluation of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in patients with severe bronchial asthma.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of asthma remains unclear, especially in cases of the severe disease.

Aim: To explore IgE-mediated inhalant sensitization in severe asthma compared with a group of patients with chronic mild disease and evaluate the Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in asthma by different disease severities.

Material And Methods: One hundred and fifty-four patients (age range: 28-69) with severe chronic asthma (study group) and 141 patients with chronic mild disease (control group) diagnosed according to GINA criteria were included in the study.

Chemokine receptors expression on CD3+ blood cells in bronchial asthma.

Purpose: Chemokines and their receptors participate in pathomechanism of bronchial asthma. The aim of the study was to analyze the pattern of chemokine receptor expression on T cells in severe asthmatics and to compare to mild-to-moderate patients and controls.

Material/methods: Flow cytometric analysis of CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR7, CCR8 expression on CD3(+)CD8(-) and CD3(+)CD8(+) cells was performed in patients with different severity of chronic asthma and in controls.

Effects of venom immunotherapy on serum level of CCL5/RANTES in patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy.

Hymenoptera venoms are known to cause life-threatening IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions in allergic individuals. Venom immunotherapy is a recommended treatment of insect allergy with still the mechanism not being completely understood. We decided to assess the serum CCL5/RANTES level in patients who experienced severe anaphylactic reaction to Hymenoptera venom and to find out changes in the course of immunotherapy.

Coexistence of angioedema alone with impaired glucose tolerance.

Background: Most patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) exhibit recurrent angioedema. As of yet, the pathogenesis of angioedema in CSU is largely unclear, especially when angioedema occurs in patients who do not develop wheals. Over the past years, we and others have repeatedly observed that patients with recurrent angioedema alone exhibit impaired glucose tolerance.