Medical students' aptitude toward smoking in Warsaw, Strasbourg and Teheran.

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable death in the world. Medical students play a role in smoking prevention especially as future physicians, but also as role models in society. Their approach, although influenced by medical education, is based on cultural and socio-economic background.

Urothelial bladder carcinoma in young patients is characterized by a relatively good prognosis.

Introduction And Aim: Urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) is a very rare condition in patients aged below 50 years. The aim of the study was to answer the question whether the characteristics of cancer in this group of patients differ from general UBC features.

Material And Methods: Altogether 2160 patients treated with primary transurethral resection due to a bladder tumor were included in the study.