Omission of Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Evaluation of PROSPECT in a National Database.

Background And Objectives: The PROSPECT trial showed noninferiority of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with selective chemoradiation (CRT) versus CRT alone. However, trial results are often difficult to reproduce with real-world data. Pathologic outcomes and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by neoadjuvant strategy in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients in a national database.

Prediction of intra-abdominal injury using natural language processing of electronic medical record data.

Background: This study aimed to use natural language processing to predict the presence of intra-abdominal injury using unstructured data from electronic medical records.

Methods: This was a random-sample retrospective observational cohort study leveraging unstructured data from injured patients taken to one of 9 acute care hospitals in an integrated health system between 2015 and 2021. Patients with International Classification of Diseases External Cause of Morbidity codes were identified.

Utilization of neoadjuvant therapy for localized gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors and the association with survival.

Background: For gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), neoadjuvant imatinib is most often reserved for tumors near the gastroesophageal junction, multivisceral involvement, or limited metastatic disease. Whether localized gastric GISTs benefit from neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) remains unknown. We sought to examine factors associated with NAT utilization for localized gastric GISTs and evaluate implications on survival.

Contemporary Evaluation of Work-Life Integration and Wellbeing in US Surgical Residents: A National Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: The demands of surgical training present challenges for work-life integration (WLI). We sought to identify factors associated with work-life conflicts and to understand how programs support WLI.

Study Design: A cross-sectional national survey conducted after the 2020 American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination queried 4 WLI items.

Utilization and survival outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage gastric cancer.

Background And Objectives: Given increased utilization of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for gastric adenocarcinoma, practice patterns deviating from standard of care (upfront resection) remain unknown. We sought to identify factors associated with NAT use and survival outcomes among early-stage gastric cancers.

Methods: The National Cancer Database identified patients with early-stage (T1N0M0) gastric cancer (2010-2020).

Total pancreatectomy, splenectomy and remnant gastrectomy for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) after prior Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

A female patient in her 50s presented with abdominal pain, nausea and jaundice. She had a history of prior Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and her body mass index was 52.5 kg/m Biochemical testing revealed a total bilirubin level of 14.

Update on Management of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represents 18% to 25% of all diagnosed breast cancers, and is a noninvasive, nonobligate precursor lesion to invasive cancer. The diagnosis of DCIS represents a wide range of disease, including lesions with both low and high risk of progression to invasive cancer and recurrence. Over the past decade, research on the topic of DCIS has focused on the possibility of tailoring treatment for patients according to their risk for progression and recurrence, which is based on clinicopathologic, biomolecular and genetic factors.

Association Between Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities and Hospital Performance in Treatment and Outcomes for Patients with Colon Cancer.

Background: Disparities in colon cancer care and outcomes by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and insurance are well recognized; however, the extent to which inequalities are driven by patient factors versus variation in hospital performance remains unclear. We sought to compare disparities in care delivery and outcomes at low- and high-performing hospitals.

Methods: We identified patients with stage I-III colon adenocarcinoma from the 2012-2017 National Cancer Database.