Cannabidiol and Nano-Selenium Increase Microvascularization and Reduce Degenerative Changes in Superficial Breast Muscle in -Infected Chickens.

Here, we demonstrated the potential of -derived cannabidiol (CBD) and nanosized selenium (nano-Se) for the modulation of microvascularization and muscle fiber lesions in superficial breast muscle in -challenged chickens. The administration of CBD resulted in a decreased number of atrophic fibers (3.13 vs.

Dietary Fish Meal Replacement with and Larval Meals Improves the Growth Performance and Nutriphysiological Status of Ide () Juveniles.

The ide () is a native European species of rheophilic cyprinid fish whose wild population status is dependent on conservation efforts, particularly regular restocking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of including insect meals as a component in the diet of ide juveniles on their growth performance, feed utilization, and nutriphysiological status. Four diets were formulated: three with insect meals, HI-with 20% meal, TM-with 20% meal, and ZM-with 20% meal, and the control group diet, CON-fish meal with no insect component.

Effect of synbiotics administered in ovo on microvascularization and histopathological changes in pectoral muscle and the biochemical profile of broiler chicken blood.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether injecting synbiotics to the egg air chamber on d 12 of embryo incubation will affect the processes of angiogenesis, and thus the share of histopathological changes in superficial pectoral muscle, as well as Ca and P in blood of 42-day-old broiler chickens. The eggs containing viable embryos were injected with 0.2 mL suspension of 1/physiological saline, 2/SYN1 composed of galactooligosaccharide (GOS) (trade name: Bitos®, Clasado Biosciences Ltd, UK) and L.

Modulation of Intestinal Histology by Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo in Distinct Chicken Genotypes.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics administered in ovo on selected morphological parameters of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) in broiler chickens (Ross 308) and native chickens (Green-legged Partridge, GP). On the 12th day of embryonic development (the incubation period), an aqueous solution of a suitable bioactive substance was supplied in ovo to the egg's air cell: probiotic- subsp. (PRO), prebiotic-GOS, galacto-oligosaccharides (PRE) or symbiotic-GOS + subsp.

Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Organically Reared Broiler Chickens Depending on Sex.

Given the growing interest of consumers in naturally produced meat, we decided to examine the muscles of Ross 308 broiler chickens kept in an ecological system, with the division into two research groups depending on sex. All the analyses were carried out using the appropriate methods recommended by the AOAC and in accordance with the Polish standards (PN), which are described in detail in the relevant section of the publication. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of sex on the growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality, as well as the fatty acid profile and histological parameters, of the pectoral muscles from organic broiler chickens.

Spermatozoon head size - the main differentiating feature between spermatozoa of blue and white Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus).

Morphology and sperm morphometry, this is an important determinant of male reproductive capacity. Morphometric data may provide relevant information in studies focused on evolutionary biology, sperm quality assessment, including prediction of the potential fertility, semen cryopreservation, or the effect of reprotoxicants. The paper presents the morphometric analysis of spermatozoa from two colour morphs of Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), and attempts to determine the relationship between selected quality indicators and dimensions and shape of spermatozoa.

Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics Injected in Ovo on the Microstructure of the Breast Muscle in Different Chicken Genotypes.

The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics injected in ovo on day 12 of embryonic development on the microstructure of the superficial pectoral muscle (musculus pectoralis superficialis) from 42-day-old chickens of different genotypes: broilers (Ross 308) and general-purpose type (green-legged partridge (GP) chickens Zk-11, native chickens). Incubated eggs were divided into four groups (each genotype separately) depending on the substance injected in ovo: normal saline (C, control); subsp. (PRO); galactooligosaccharides, GOS (PRE) or GOS + (SYN).

Effects of a Trans-Galactooligosaccharide on Minerals Content of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Tissues.

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) is a dominant fish species in aquaculture, and as it is a stomachless species, absorption and digestion of nutrients take place in the intestine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a prebiotic on the content of selected minerals found in the meat, gills, and skeleton of common carp.

Impact of aluminosilicates on productivity, carcass traits, meat quality, and jejunum morphology of broiler chickens.

The aim of the study was to compare production results and quality of meat, as well as histological features of the jejunum in broiler chickens administered feed with 1% addition of zeolite or halloysite, with the addition of aluminosilicates to litter (4.50 kg/m) throughout the rearing. In the experiment, 300 male broilers were used for 6 wk.

Effects of Effective Microorganisms on Meat Quality, Microstructure of the Muscle, and Electrophoretic Protein Separation in Pigs Fed on Different Diets.

The aim of the study was to determine how effective microorganisms influence meat quality, the microstructure of the longissimus lumborum muscle, and electrophoretic protein separation. The study group consisted of 150 piglets divided into three feeding groups: C, E1, and E2. The feeding groups included C-a standard fodder blend with a full share of post-extracted soya meal; E1-a 50%/50% mix of pea and lupine/soya bean in phase I of fattening and a 75%/25% mix of pea and lupine/soya bean in phase II of fattening; and E2-a 50%/50% mix of pea and lupine/soya bean in phase I of fattening and in 100% pea and lupine in phase II of fattening.

Meat quality of Pulawska breed pigs and image of longissimus lumborum muscle microstructure compared to commercial DanBred and Naima hybrids.

The objective of this article was the evaluation of selected properties of meat quality including the characteristics of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle microstructure of Pulawska breed pigs and fatteners of the DanBred and Naima hybrids which are used in national meat production. Three genetic groups of fatteners were studied in the experiment: group I - DanBred hybrid; group II - Naima hybrid; and group III - the Pulawska breed. Pig fattening took place under the same environmental conditions from the starting weight of 30 kg   2 kg to 103-105 kg.

Influence of the effective microorganisms (EM) on performance, intestinal morphology and gene expression in the jejunal mucosa of pigs fed different diets.

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the effective microorganisms (EM) on performance parameters, intestinal morphology and gene expression in the jejunal mucosa in pigs under different feeding regimes. The study group comprised of 150 piglets divided into three feeding groups: C, E1 and E2. Feeding groups included: C-standard fodder, blend with a full share of post-extracted soy meal, E1-in the phase I of fattening: pea and lupin/soybean 50/50%; in the phase II of fattening: pea and lupin/soybean 75/25%, and E2-in the phase I of fattening: pea and lupin/soybean 50/50%; in the phase II of fattening: pea and lupin 100%.

Effects of a Trans-Galactooligosaccharide on Biochemical Blood Parameters and Intestine Morphometric Parameters of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a trans-galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on the growth performance, biochemical blood parameters, and intestine morphometric parameters of common carp. The 60-day-long experiment was performed on one-year-old fish with a mean body weight of 180 g (±5 g). Three diets were used: control diet 1 (C) with no microbiota affecting feed additives, diet 2 (B1) with 1% of prebiotic, and diet 3 (B2) with 2% of prebiotic, in four replications (tanks) per treatment and 25 fish per tank.

Injection of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides at 12 Days of Egg Incubation Modulates the Gut Development and Resistance to Opportunistic Pathogens in Broiler Chickens.

The aim was to investigate the impact of an automatic in ovo injection of the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) extracted from the seeds of L, on the chicken performance and resistance in a production environment. At day 12 of incubation, a total of 57,900 eggs (Ross 308) were divided into two groups: 1/ Control, injected with 0.9% NaCl and 2/ RFO group, injected with 1.

Microstructure of the small intestine in broiler chickens fed a diet with probiotic or synbiotic supplementation.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of a probiotic and a synbiotic on the morphometric parameters of the small intestine of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on three hundred sixty, one-day-old female Ross 308 chicks, which were randomly selected from 20,000 birds and divided into three treatment groups (n = 120) with ten replicates per treatment. The control group (C) was fed a commercial diet, the probiotic group (PRO) was fed the same diet with an added 1% of the probiotic Lavipan® (Lactococcus lactis, Carnobacterium divergens, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and the synbiotic group (SYN) was fed the commercial diet with an added synbiotic: 0.

Mitochondrial Theory of Skeletal Muscle Ageing - New Facts, New Doubts.

For many years, scientists have been pursuing research on skeletal muscle ageing both in humans and animals. Studies on animal models have extended our knowledge of this mechanism in humans. Most researchers agree that the major processes of muscle ageing occur in the mitochondria as the major energy production centres in muscle cells.

The influence of in ovo injection with the prebiotic DiNovo® on the development of histomorphological parameters of the duodenum, body mass and productivity in large-scale poultry production conditions.

Background: Among various feed additives currently used in poultry nutrition, an important role is played by bioactive substances, including prebiotics. The beneficial effect of these bioactive substances on the gastrointestinal tract and immune system give rise to improvements in broiler health and performance nutrition, thus increasing the productivity of these birds. An innovative method for introducing bioactive substances into chickens is the in ovo injection into eggs intended for hatching.

In ovo validation model to assess the efficacy of commercial prebiotics on broiler performance and oxidative stability of meat.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of in ovo injection of 2 different prebiotics, DiNovo (DN; Laminaria spp., extract containing laminarin and fucoidan) and Bitos (BI; non-digestive trans-galactooligosaccharides from milk lactose digested with Bifidobacterium bifidum NCIMB 41171), on growth, slaughter traits, intramuscular fat percentage (IF) and muscle fiber diameter, and lipid oxidation of meat in chickens reared under commercial conditions, following an in ovo trial protocol. On d 12 of embryonic incubation, 350,560 Ross 308 eggs were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups and automatically injected in ovo with: physiological saline (control group), BI at dose of 3.

Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo on Broiler Small Intestine Histomorphology During the First Days After Hatching.

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of prebiotics and synbiotics administered in ovo on the 12th day of incubation, on the development of the intestinal villi and the number of goblet cells in the small intestine of broiler chickens on the Ist and the 4th days of life of chicks. Two prebiotics: inulin (PI) or Bi2tos (PB) and two synbiotics: inulin + L. lactis subsp.

Profile of fatty acids, muscle structure and shear force of musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) in growing pigs as affected by energy and protein or protein restriction followed by realimentation.

Forty-eight gilts were submitted to a 30% restriction of feed (groups F and F1) or protein intake (group P) from 90 to 118 days of age, followed by realimentation from 119 to 168 days of age. Control pigs (C) were fed during the whole experiment according to a semi ad libitum scale. During realimentation all animals were fed according to semi ad libitum scale except pigs F1 which were fed ad libitum.

Myogenesis--possibilities of its stimulation in chickens.

Due to selection for increased body weight modern broilers are 3-4 times heavier as compared with chickens of the laying type. The muscle mass is mainly determined by the total number of muscle fibres (hyperplasia), their thickness (hypertrophy) and different fibre types. Hyperplasia occurs during either embryogenesis or the early posthatching period.

Influence of different stages of experimental chronic kidney disease on rats locomotor and postural skeletal muscles microcirculation.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with muscle excess fatigue and diminished maximal whole body oxygen consumption, which in part could be depended on poor muscle microcirculatory network. The aim of this study was to assume the influence of different stages of CKD on microcirculation vessels in functionally different skeletal muscles--locomotor, the gastrocnemius muscle, and postural, the longissimus thoracis muscle.

Methods: Male Wistar rats underwent sham operation (CON), uninephrectomy (CKD 1/2) and subtotal nephrectomy (CKD 5/6).