Rapid Advancement in Enteral Nutrition Does Not Affect Systemic Inflammation and Insulin Homeostasis Following Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery.

Objectives: To determine impact of enteral nutrition delivery on the relationship among inflammation, insulin resistance, and outcomes following pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

Design: Pilot, randomized study analyzed according to intention-to-treat analysis.

Setting: Pediatric cardiac ICU.

Can Vco-Based Estimates of Resting Energy Expenditure Replace the Need for Indirect Calorimetry in Critically Ill Children?

Background: Optimal energy provision, guided by measured resting energy expenditure (REE), is fundamental in the care of critically ill children. REE should be determined by indirect calorimetry (IC), which has limited availability. Recently, a novel equation was developed for estimating REE derived from carbon dioxide production (Vco).

Systemic inflammation increases energy expenditure following pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objectives: To examine the association between cardiopulmonary bypass-related systemic inflammation and resting energy expenditure in pediatric subjects following cardiac surgery.

Design: Single-center, prospective cohort study.

Setting: Pediatric cardiac critical care unit in Toronto, Canada.

Energy expenditure and caloric and protein intake in infants following the Norwood procedure.

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary bypass in infants results in a hypermetabolic response. Energy requirements of these patients have not been well studied. We assessed energy expenditure and caloric and protein intake during the first 3 days following the Norwood procedure.

12-hour versus 24-hour creatinine clearance in critically ill pediatric patients.

Measurement of renal function is important to optimize drug dosing in critically ill pediatric patients and to prevent dose-related toxicities caused by medications that are eliminated or metabolized by the kidney. In clinical practice, the 24-h creatinine clearance (CrCl) is used as a surrogate marker of renal function. However, a 24-h urine collection period delays the availability of the result and increases the potential for collection errors.