Local insufflation of warm humidified CO₂increases open wound and core temperature during open colon surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The open surgical wound is exposed to cold and dry ambient air resulting in heat loss through radiation, evaporation, and convection. Also, general and neuraxial anesthesia decrease the patient's core temperature. Despite routine preventive measures mild intraoperative hypothermia is still common and contributes to postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Intraoperative local insufflation of warmed humidified CO₂ increases open wound and core temperatures: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The open surgical wound is exposed to cold dry ambient air, resulting in substantial heat loss through radiation, evaporation, and convection. At the same time, anesthesia decreases the patient's core temperature. Despite preventive measures, mild intraoperative hypothermia has been associated with postoperative morbidity.

Positive end-expiratory pressure redistributes regional blood flow and ventilation differently in supine and prone humans.

Background: Animal studies have demonstrated an interaction between posture and the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on regional ventilation and lung blood flow. The aim of this study was to explore this interaction in humans.

Methods: Regional lung blood flow and ventilation were compared between mechanical ventilation with and without PEEP in the supine and prone postures.

CO2 insufflation influences the temperature of the open surgical wound.

In open surgery, heat is lost due to radiation and evaporation through the wound. Hypothermia causes tissue hypoxia and impairs various cellular immune functions that increases the risk for postoperative wound infections and delayed wound healing. The patient's body is usually well protected with heating arrangements, but the open wound is left unprotected and until now no practical method has been available to protect it thermically.

A novel molecule with peripheral opioid properties: the effects on hypercarbic and hypoxic ventilation at steady-state compared with morphine and placebo.

Frakefamide (FF), is a new peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor agonist. The aim of this double-blind, randomized, double-dummy, four-way, crossover study was to investigate FF effects on hypercarbic and hypoxic ventilation at steady-state after a 6-h infusion. We compared the effect with 2 clinical doses of morphine (M-small and M-large) and placebo in 12 healthy men.

A novel molecule (frakefamide) with peripheral opioid properties: the effects on resting ventilation compared with morphine and placebo.

In animal models frakefamide (FF) is a potent analgesic that acts as a peripheral active mu-selective receptor agonist. In this double-blind, randomized, double dummy four-way crossover study in 12 healthy male subjects, we investigated the effects on resting ventilation of FF and 2 dose levels of morphine compared with placebo. Each drug was infused for 6 h.