Development and application of an ex vivo fosphenytoin nasal bioconversion/permeability evaluation method.

There is an increasing interest in the intranasal delivery of central nervous system-active drugs due to the existence of a direct nose-to-brain connection. However, poor solubility limits the amount of drug that can be administered within an aqueous solution. In the present work, the objectives were to develop an ex vivo bioconversion/permeability evaluation method and to study the ex vivo bioconversion of the hydrophilic phosphate ester prodrug fosphenytoin (FOS) to the active drug phenytoin (PHT) and their comparative nasal permeation.

Liquid chromatographic assay based on microextraction by packed sorbent for therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin and the active metabolites carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide and licarbazepine.

A new, sensitive and fast high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection assay based on microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS/HPLC-DAD) is herein reported, for the first time, to simultaneously quantify carbamazepine (CBZ), lamotrigine (LTG), oxcarbazepine (OXC), phenobarbital (PB), phenytoin (PHT), and the active metabolites carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E) and licarbazepine (LIC) in human plasma. Chromatographic separation of analytes and ketoprofen, used as internal standard (IS), was achieved in less than 15min on a C18-column, at 35°C, using acetonitrile (6%) and a mixture (94%) of water-methanol-triethylamine (73.2:26.

Herb-drug pharmacokinetic interaction between carica papaya extract and amiodarone in rats.

Purpose: Carica papaya has been traditionally used worldwide in folk medicine to treat a wide range of ailments in humans, including the management of obesity and digestive disorders. However, scientific information about its potential to interact with conventional drugs is lacking. Thus, this work aimed to investigate the interference of a standardized C.

Development of novel pillared clays for the encapsulation of inorganic complexes.

Several pillared clays were prepared by using a polyalcohol (ethylene glycol or poly(vinyl alcohol)) or a poly(ethylene oxide) surfactant as an interlayer gallery template and an aluminum oligomer species as the pillaring agent. The use of polyalcohols or nonionic surfactants, such as Tergitol, gave materials which, in general, presented larger basal spacing than those found for the solids prepared by a similar procedure but without additives. The initial positive effect in the expansion of the clay interlayers was not totally retained after calcination of the materials; most probably, at the end, the basal spacing is still ruled by the intercalating aluminum species.