Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Human Bocavirus Infection in Children with or without Acute Gastroenteritis in Acre, Northern Brazil.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging virus detected around the world that may be associated with cases of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, its contribution to AGE has not been elucidated. This study aimed to describe the frequency, clinical features, and HBoV species circulation in children up to 5 years with or without AGE symptoms in Acre, Northern Brazil.

Arboviruses in Free-Ranging Birds and Hematophagous Arthropods (Diptera, Nematocera) from Forest Remnants and Urbanized Areas of an Environmental Protection Area in the Amazon Biome.

The rapid and disorderly urbanization in the Amazon has resulted in the insertion of forest fragments into cities, causing the circulation of arboviruses, which can involve hematophagous arthropods and free-ranging birds in the transmission cycles in urban environments. This study aimed to evaluate the circulation of arboviruses in free-ranging birds and hematophagous arthropods captured in an Environmental Protection Area in the Belem metropolitan area, Brazil. Birds were captured using mist nets, and hematophagous arthropods were collected using a human protected attraction technique and light traps.

Ocurrence of rotavirus and picobirnavirus in wild and exotic avian from amazon forest.

The present study reports the occurrence of rotavirus A (RVA), rotavirus D (RVD), rotavirus F (RVF), rotavirus G (RVG), and picobirnavirus (PBV) in fecal specimens of wild (n = 22), and exotic birds (n = 1) from different cities of Pará state. These animals were hospitalized at Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Pará, Brazil, in a period from January 2018 to June 2019. The animals exhibited different clinical signs, such as diarrhea, malnutrition, dehydration, and fractures.

Detection of a novel species A, DS-1-like, G4P[6] rotavirus strain from a Brazilian child with gastroenteritis.

Rotaviruses belonging to species A (RVA) remain among the most common causes of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genome reassortment events between two human strains or human and animal strains represent one of the mechanisms which appear to generate the broad genetic variability of circulating. According to a nucleotide, sequence-based classification system, RVA strains are currently classified into three genotype constellations including Wa-like (genogroup I), DS-1-like (genogroup II), and AU-like (genogroup III).

First Complete Genome Sequence of a Feline Alphacoronavirus 1 Strain from Brazil.

We identified a strain of Alphacoronavirus 1, FCoV-SB22, from a pool of fecal samples from domestic cats from a rural settlement in the municipality of Santa Bárbara, Pará, Brazil. The nucleotide identity with feline coronavirus was 91.5%.

Correction: Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Proposed New Strain of Canine from Fecal Samples of Brazilian Domestic Dogs.

A proposed new strain of canine was identified in fecal samples of domestic dogs from a rural community located in the municipality of Peixe-Boi, Pará, Brazil. The nucleotide identity was 92.3% similar to other representatives of the family , genus , and species , which suggests that this is possibly a new strain within this species.

Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon.

Acute gastroenteritis is one of the main causes of mortality in humans and young animals. Domestic and mainly wild animals such as bats, small rodents and birds are highly diversified animals in relation to their habitats and ecological niches and are widely distributed geographically in environments of forest fragmentation in some areas of the Amazon, being considered important sources for viruses that affect humans and other animals. Due to the anthropical activities, these animals changed their natural habitat and adapted to urbanized environments, thus representing risks to human and animal health.

First Whole-Genome Characterization of Avian Nephritis Virus 2 of Broiler Chicken from Pará, Brazil.

Our results show the first full-genome characterization of avian nephritis virus 2 recovered from stools of broiler chickens at a commercial farm located in Benevides, Pará, Brazil. Nucleotide analyses of whole-genome sequences showed the isolate to be a strain of in the family .

A Proposed New Strain of Avian Picornavirus in Broiler Chicken from Brazil.

A new strain of avian picornavirus was identified in fecal samples from broiler chickens in a commercial farm in the municipality of Benevides, Pará, Brazil. Genomic analysis showed it to have a nucleotide identity of 78.4% with the family , genus and species , suggesting that this is a possible new strain within this species.

High prevalence of norovirus in children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Manaus, Amazon Region, northern Brazil.

Background: Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, especially in children under five years. Studies involving the detection and molecular characterisation of NoV have been performed in Brazil, demonstrating its importance as an etiological agent of AGE.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency of human NoV and to genotype the strains isolated from 0-14-year-old patients of AGE in Manaus, Brazil, over a period of two years.

Norovirus genogroups I and II in environmental water samples from Belém city, Northern Brazil.

This study investigated the presence of norovirus (NoV) GI and GII in environmental samples from the northern region of Brazil. Water samples were collected monthly (November 2008/October 2010) from different sources and sewage and concentrated by the adsorption-elution method. The NoV investigation used molecular methods followed by sequencing reactions.

Detection of a novel equine-like G3 rotavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in Brazil.

Genotype G3P[8] of rotavirus A (RVA) is detected worldwide, usually associated with Wa-like constellation and exhibiting a long RNA migration pattern. More recently, a novel inter-genogroup, G3P[8] reassortant variant with a short electropherotype, has emerged in Asia, Oceania and Europe, denoting an overall potential of unusual rotavirus strains. During a RVA surveillance in Brazil, G3P[8] strains were found displaying a short electropherotype pattern, which had not been detected before in this region.

Analysis of uncommon norovirus recombinants from Manaus, Amazon region, Brazil: GII.P22/GII.5, GII.P7/GII.6 and GII.Pg/GII.1.

Norovirus (NoV) is responsible for outbreaks and sporadic cases of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. The virus consists of small round particles containing a single-stranded RNA genome that is divided into three Open Reading Frames. NoV evolves via mechanisms of antigenic drift and recombination, which lead to the emergence of new strains that are capable of causing global epidemics.

Occurrence of Norovirus GIV in Environmental Water Samples from Belém City, Amazon Region, Brazil.

Noroviruses are the major cause of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans, with few reports about the occurrence of the norovirus GIV strain. We investigated the presence of norovirus GIV in surface water (river, bay, and stream) and untreated sewage, and we determined a positivity rate of 9.4% (9/96).

Phylogenetic analysis of human group C rotavirus in hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in Belém, Brazil.

Group C rotavirus (RVC) is potentially an important pathogen associated with acute gastroenteritis (AG), especially in outbreaks. This study aims to detect and molecularly characterize RVC in hospitalized children with AG in Belém, Brazil. From May 2008 to April 2011, 279 stools were subjected to reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction targeting VP7, VP6, VP4, and NSP4 genes.

Enteropathogens detected in a daycare center, Southeastern Brazil: bacteria, virus, and parasite research.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiological profile of enteropathogens in children from a daycare center.

Methods: From October 2010 to February 2011 stool samples from 100 children enrolled in a government daycare center in the municipality of São José do Rio Preto, in the state of São Paulo, were collected and analyzed.

Results: A total of 246 bacteria were isolated in 99% of the fecal samples; 129 were in the diarrheal group and 117 in the non-diarrheal group.

Detection, epidemiology and characterization of VP6 and VP7 genes of group D rotavirus in broiler chickens.

Rotaviruses infect humans and animals and are classified into eight groups (A to H). Group D rotavirus (RVD) has been described in birds, although relatively few reports are available. The present study focused on RVD, including epidemiological and molecular aspects of samples collected from broiler chickens in the state of Pará, Brazil.

Genetic diversity of porcine sapoviruses in pigs from the Amazon region of Brazil.

Sapoviruses (SaVs) belong to the family Caliciviridae and are related to gastroenteritis viruses of humans and animals. These agents have been reported from several countries of the world and represent an important cause of economic loss. The Amazon area has a high degree of diversity of animals and plants, is located in the Northern Region of Brazil and accounts for a large part of the Brazilian territory.

Detection of the pandemic norovirus variant GII.4 Sydney 2012 in Rio Branco, state of Acre, northern Brazil.

Noroviruses (NoVs) are important cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Genotype GII.4 is responsible for the majority of outbreaks reported to date.

Diversity of rotavirus strains circulating in Northern Brazil after introduction of a rotavirus vaccine: high prevalence of G3P[6] genotype.

Rotavirus A (RVA) is the most common cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide, causing 453,000 deaths annually. In Brazil, the most frequent genotype identified was G1 during almost three decades in the pre-vaccination period; however, after anti-rotavirus vaccine introduction, there was a predominance of G2 genotype. The aim of this study was to determine the G and P genotypes of rotaviruses isolated from children under 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis in the Northern region of Brazil, and discuss the emergence of G3P[6] genotype.

Genogroup I avian picobirnavirus detected in Brazilian broiler chickens: a molecular epidemiology study.

Picobirnavirus (PBV) belongs to the family Picobirnaviridae. Picobirnaviruses contain a bisegmented dsRNA genome that is non-enveloped. A total of 85 pooled faecal samples were collected from the poultry of 37 farms from the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belém (MMB), Pará state, Brazil.

Group A rotavirus and norovirus display sharply distinct seasonal profiles in Belém, northern Brazil.

Several viruses have been associated with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), and group A rotavirus (RVA) and norovirus (NoV) are the most prevalent. This study aimed to assess their prevalence among children hospitalised for diarrhoea during a three-year surveillance study. From May 2008-April 2011, overall positivity rates of 21.

Quantitative and molecular analysis of noroviruses RNA in blood from children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in Belém, Brazil.

Background: Noroviruses (NoVs) are a common cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and until now, little is known about its ability to spread outside the gut.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the role of NoVs causing viremia in children hospitalized for AGE, as well as to correlate the presence of NoVs RNA in serum with clinical severity and stool viral load.

Study Design: Paired stool and serum samples were collected from 85 pediatric patients under 6 years hospitalized for AGE from March to September 2012 in Belém, Brazil.

Norovirus diversity in diarrheic children from an African-descendant settlement in Belém, Northern Brazil.

Norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV) and human astrovirus (HAstV) are viral pathogens that are associated with outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis. However, little is known about the occurrence of these pathogens in relatively isolated communities, such as the remnants of African-descendant villages ("Quilombola"). The objective of this study was the frequency determination of these viruses in children under 10 years, with and without gastroenteritis, from a "Quilombola" Community, Northern Brazil.