Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations in MoMuLV-ts-1 induced lymphoma in a murine model.

During self-renewal of the hematopoietic stem cells there is a potential for these new cells to develop into abnormal malignant cells due to environmental, chemical or microbial challenges. This may lead to blood malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma. Our laboratory was the first to develop a mouse model to study the development of lymphoma among pups of retrovirus infected mothers.

Retrovirus-induced lymphomagenesis: a correlation between disease pathogenesis and flow cytometric analysis.

Perinatal infection with a temperature-sensitive mutant (ts-1) of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) results in massive splenomegaly and thymomegaly in mice and development of lymphoma in >55 % of infected pups. Previous flow cytometry studies showed a decrease in CD4(+) cells in perinatally infected pups, but cell population changes in infected animals with lymphoma compared with infected animals without lymphoma has not yet been reported. In the current study, BALB/c mice were infected with ts-1 through breast milk transmission and observed until development of clinical signs and symptoms of lymphoma and/or symptomatic ts-1 infection.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a survey of factors associated with medication usage.

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased morbidity and mortality for people living with HIV/AIDS, but adherence to HAART is a critical factor in successful treatment. Adherence to medication is a complex and poorly understood behavior. A survey was undertaken to evaluate subjective correlates of adherence and non-adherence based on previously distilled themes from a qualitative study of adherence.

Retroviral gene insertion in breast milk mediated lymphomagenesis.

We have demonstrated breast milk transmitted MoMuLV-ts1 retrovirus infection and subsequent lymphoma development in offspring of uninfected mothers suckled by infected surrogate mothers. Additionally, we have shown that the lymphoma development occurs as a result of viral gene integration into host genome. A total of 146 pups from Balb/C mice were divided into 5 groups; one control and 4 experimental.

Right varicocele and hypoxia, crucial factors in male infertility: fluid mechanics analysis of the impaired testicular drainage system.

Varicocele is considered a predominantly unilateral left-sided disease. However, since male fertility is preserved with only one healthy testis, infertility perforce represents bilateral testicular dysfunction. It was hypothesized that: (i) right varicocele cannot be diagnosed by palpation and therefore has not been treated in the past by the traditional treatment, and (ii) right varicocele causes impaired oxygen supply in the right testicular microcirculation, leading to germ cell degeneration.

Transmission of Moloney murine leukemia virus (ts-1) by breast milk.

A murine model has been developed to study maternal transmission of the temperature-sensitive Moloney murine leukemia virus (ts-1). The goal of this study was to confirm early and late mother-to-offspring transmission of the virus and demonstrate transmission via breast milk. A series of six experiments was performed using six groups of BALB/c mice.

Varicocele, hypoxia and male infertility. Fluid Mechanics analysis of the impaired testicular venous drainage system.

Background: Varicocele is a bilateral vascular disease, involving a network of collaterals and small, retroperitoneal bypasses. The right and the left testicular venous drainage systems are complex and not identical to each other. It was considered a predominantly unilateral (left-sided) disease.

Vertical transmission of a murine retrovirus, ts1.

Mechanism of maternal retroviral transmission remains an unsolved problem. The current investigation is a part of our ongoing research on vertical transmission of MoMuLV-TB ts1 in BALB/c mice. A total of 270 adult mice and 165 fetuses were used.

Tamm-Horsfall protein in patients with kidney damage and diabetes.

Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) is a glycoprotein present abundantly in human urine. It is localized in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (TAL) and the early distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The rate of urinary excretion of THP has been studied in various diabetic groups.

HIV/AIDS knowledge among female migrant farm workers in the midwest.

The rate of HIV infection in the migrant farm worker community is 10 times the national average. A survey was conducted of 106 female migrant farm workers in rural Northwest Ohio to assess HIV knowledge. The average participant's age was 28.

A small animal model for mother-to-fetus transmission of ts1, a murine retrovirus.

Infection with a murine retrovirus, MoMuLV-TB, ts1 in BALB/c mice has been established as a small animal model for retroviral neurodegenerative disease as shown with infections such as HIV. However, mother-to-pup transmission has never been demonstrated in this model. The current investigation examines vertical transmission of ts1 in this mouse model.

Survey of physician attitudes toward HIV testing in pregnant women in Ohio.

HIV infection among women of childbearing age is still increasing in the United States. In most states, HIV testing of women or neonates during pregnancy is not mandatory. The current study assessed HIV prenatal testing practices among obstetrician-gynecologists and primary care physicians listed in a regional physician referral data base in a predominantly rural region.