sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from the Atlantic Ocean.

A bacterial strain, PhyBa_CO2_2, was isolated from the North Atlantic Gyre, offshore Terceira Island in the Azores. Initially, the NCBI nucleotide blast analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain belongs to the genus , with a 100 % identity with LMG 19861. However, further genomic characterization through average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization analyses showed values of 96.

-Bacteria Interactions under Increasing CO Concentrations.

The interactions established between marine microbes, namely phytoplankton-bacteria, are key to the balance of organic matter export to depth and recycling in the surface ocean. Still, their role in the response of phytoplankton to rising CO concentrations is poorly understood. Here, we show that the response of the cosmopolitan () to increasing CO is affected by the coexistence with bacteria.

Ervilia castanea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) populations adversely affected at CO seeps in the North Atlantic.

Sites with naturally high CO conditions provide unique opportunities to forecast the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to ocean acidification, by studying the biological responses and potential adaptations to this increased environmental variability. In this study, we investigated the bivalve Ervilia castanea in coastal sandy sediments at reference sites and at volcanic CO seeps off the Azores, where the pH of bottom waters ranged from average oceanic levels of 8.2, along gradients, down to 6.

Global variability in seawater Mg:Ca and Sr:Ca ratios in the modern ocean.

Seawater Mg:Ca and Sr:Ca ratios are biogeochemical parameters reflecting the Earth-ocean-atmosphere dynamic exchange of elements. The ratios' dependence on the environment and organisms' biology facilitates their application in marine sciences. Here, we present a measured single-laboratory dataset, combined with previous data, to test the assumption of limited seawater Mg:Ca and Sr:Ca variability across marine environments globally.

Effects of increasing seawater carbon dioxide concentrations on chain formation of the diatom Asterionellopsis glacialis.

Diatoms can occur as single cells or as chain-forming aggregates. These two strategies affect buoyancy, predator evasion, light absorption and nutrient uptake. Adjacent cells in chains establish connections through various processes that determine strength and flexibility of the bonds, and at distinct cellular locations defining colony structure.

Community composition has greater impact on the functioning of marine phytoplankton communities than ocean acidification.

Ecosystem functioning is simultaneously affected by changes in community composition and environmental change such as increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and subsequent ocean acidification. However, it largely remains uncertain how the effects of these factors compare to each other. Addressing this question, we experimentally tested the hypothesis that initial community composition and elevated CO2 are equally important to the regulation of phytoplankton biomass.

Viral activation and recruitment of metacaspases in the unicellular coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi.

Lytic viral infection and programmed cell death (PCD) are thought to represent two distinct death mechanisms in phytoplankton, unicellular photoautotrophs that drift with ocean currents. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between autocatalytic PCD and lytic viral infection in the cosmopolitan coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. Successful infection of E.