Building Trust with AI: How Essential is Validating AI Models in the Therapeutic Triad of Therapist, Patient, and Artificial Third? Comment on What is the Current and Future Status of Digital Mental Health Interventions?

Since the publication of "What is the Current and Future Status of Digital Mental Health Interventions?" the exponential growth and widespread adoption of ChatGPT have underscored the importance of reassessing its utility in digital mental health interventions. This review critically examined the potential of ChatGPT, particularly focusing on its application within clinical psychology settings as the technology has continued evolving through 2023 and 2024. Alongside this, our literature review spanned US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) validations, assessments of the capacity to interpret human emotions, analyses concerning the identification of depression and its determinants at treatment initiation, and reported our findings.

Multi-task learning for predicting quality-of-life and independence in activities of daily living after stroke: a proof-of-concept study.

A health-related (HR) profile is a set of multiple health-related items recording the status of the patient at different follow-up times post-stroke. In order to support clinicians in designing rehabilitation treatment programs, we propose a novel multi-task learning (MTL) strategy for predicting post-stroke patient HR profiles. The HR profile in this study is measured by the Barthel index (BI) assessment or by the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire.

Predictors of social risk for post-ischemic stroke reintegration.

After stroke rehabilitation, patients need to reintegrate back into their daily life, workplace and society. Reintegration involves complex processes depending on age, sex, stroke severity, cognitive, physical, as well as socioeconomic factors that impact long-term outcomes post-stroke. Moreover, post-stroke quality of life can be impacted by social risks of inadequate family, social, economic, housing and other supports needed by the patients.

Socio-ecological Barriers to Leisure Time Physical Activity in Spanish Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury: Associations With Sociodemographic Characteristics and Functional Independence.

Objective: (1) To assess prevalence and severity of socio-ecological barriers to leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in a sample of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI); (2) to examine the association of these barriers with sociodemographic characteristics and functional independence (FI); and (3) to explore which socio-ecological levels of barriers might be associated with LTPA.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Neurorehabilitation Hospital specialized in SCI.

Psychosocial Outcomes Associated With Types and Intensities of Physical Activity in People With Spinal Cord Injury: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy and Functionality.

Background: Low rates of participation and quality of life (QoL) and high rates of psychological distress are common in spinal cord injury (SCI) population. Research has supported the mediating role of self-efficacy and functionality in improving psychosocial outcomes. Furthermore, evidence supports the impact of physical activity (PA) on psychosocial variables, but little is known about the types and intensities of PA.

Return to work within a year after first stroke: blue and white collar workers comparison, predictors and causal mediation assessed during inpatient rehabilitation.

Background: Most research focuses around impairments in body function and structure, with relatively only a small number exploring their social impact.

Objectives: 1) compare characteristics for individuals who before stroke were blue collar vs. white collar workers 2) identify clinical, functional, and job-related factors associated with return to work within 1 year after discharge 3) identify specific ADL individual items (assessed at rehabilitation discharge) as return to work predictors and 4) identify return to work causal mediators.

Independent living, emotional well-being, and quality of life in people with disabilities: the mediator role of self-determination and satisfaction with participation.

Background: In the field of disability and rehabilitation, has become an important therapeutic objective due to its potential impact on rehabilitation, prognosis, and patient's mid and long-term well-being. However, only a few studies have explored this issue in relation with the subjective perspective of individuals with disabilities about their decision-making capacity and satisfaction with the activities in which they participate.

Objective: Our aim is to analyze the relationship between in society of people with disabilities and both emotional well-being and quality of life, including variables about subjective perspective of (satisfaction) and the ability to decide and pursue their own preferences.

Long-term trajectories of community integration: identification, characterization, and prediction using inpatient rehabilitation variables.

Background: Community integration (CI) is often regarded as the foundation of rehabilitation endeavors after stroke; nevertheless, few studies have investigated the relationship between inpatient rehabilitation (clinical and demographic) variables and long-term CI.

Objectives: To identify novel classes of patients having similar temporal patterns in CI and relate them to baseline features.

Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study analyzing ( = 287) adult patients with stroke admitted to rehabilitation between 2003 and 2018, including baseline Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at discharge, follow-ups ( = 1264) of Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) between 2006 and 2022.

Long-term prediction of functional independence using adjusted and unadjusted single items of the functional independence measure (FIM) at discharge from rehabilitation.

Context: Being able to survive in the long-term independently is of concern to patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), their relatives, and to those providing or planning health care, especially at rehabilitation discharge. Most previous studies have attempted to predict functional dependency in activities of daily living within one year after injury

Objectives: (1) build 18 different predictive models, each model using one FIM (Functional Independence Measure) item, assessed at discharge, as independent predictor of total FIM score at chronic phase (3-6 years post-injury) (2) build three different predictive models, using in each model an item from a different FIM domain with the highest predictive power obtained in objective (1) to predict "good" functional independence at chronic phase and (3) adjust the 3 models from objective (2) with known confounding factors.

Methods: This observational study included 461 patients admitted to rehabilitation between 2009 and 2019.

The impact of COVID-19 on home, social, and productivity integration of people with chronic traumatic brain injury or stroke living in the community.

Compare community integration of people with stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI) living in the community before and during the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) when stratifying by injury: participants with stroke (G1) and with TBI (G2); by functional independence in activities of daily living: independent (G3) and dependent (G4); by age: participants younger than 54 (G5) and older than 54 (G6); and by gender: female (G7) and male (G8) participants.Prospective observational cohort studyIn-person follow-up visits (before COVID-19 outbreak) to a rehabilitation hospital in Spain and on-line during COVID-19.Community dwelling adults (≥18 years) with chronic stroke or TBI.

Long-term trajectories of motor functional independence after ischemic stroke in young adults: Identification and characterization using inpatient baseline assessments.

Background: Stroke is a major worldwide cause of serious long-term disability. Most previous studies addressing functional independence included only inpatients with limited follow-up.

Objective: To identify novel classes of patients having similar temporal patterns in motor functional independence and relate them to baseline clinical features.

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on emotional and behavioral stress of informal family caregivers of individuals with stroke or traumatic brain injury at chronic phase living in a Mediterranean setting.

Introduction: Even in nonpandemic times, persons with disabilities experience emotional and behavioral disturbances which are distressing for them and for their close persons. We aimed at comparing the levels of stress in emotional and behavioral aspects, before and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as reported by informal family caregivers of individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke living in the community, considering two different stratifications of the recipients of care (cause and injury severity).

Methods: We conducted a STROBE-compliant prospective observational study analyzing informal caregivers of individuals with stroke (IC-STROKE) or traumatic brain injury (IC-TBI).

Predictive models for independence after stroke rehabilitation: Maugeri external validation and development of a new model.

Background: Many efforts have been devoted to identify predictors of functional outcomes after stroke rehabilitation. Though extensively recommended, there are very few external validation studies.

Objective: To externally validate two predictive models (Maugeri model 1 and model 2) and to develop a new model (model 3) that estimate the probability of achieving improvement in physical functioning (primary outcome) and a level of independence requiring no more than supervision (secondary outcome) after stroke rehabilitation.

The impact of COVID-19 on community integration, quality of life, depression and anxiety in people with chronic spinal cord injury.

Context/objective: Compare community integration, quality of life, anxiety and depression of people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in the community before the outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) and during it.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: In-person follow-up visits (before COVID-19 outbreak) to a rehabilitation hospital in Spain and on-line during COVID-19.

Relationships Between Functionality, Depression, and Anxiety With Community Integration and Quality of Life in Chronic Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: The aims of the study were (1) to identify relationships between functional and psychological aspects with community integration and quality of life assessments in people with chronic traumatic spinal cord injury and (2) to analyze clinical and demographic predictors of quality of life dimensions.

Design: This is an observational cohort study, and correlation coefficients were calculated between the Functional Independence Measure, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Community Integration Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF dimensions (physical [D1], psychological [D2], social [D3], and environmental [D4]). Quality of life predictors were identified using multiple linear regression analyses.

Discovering the Context of People With Disabilities: Semantic Categorization Test and Environmental Factors Mapping of Word Embeddings from Reddit.

Background: The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) conceptualizes disability not solely as a problem that resides in the individual, but as a health experience that occurs in a context. Word embeddings build on the idea that words that occur in similar contexts tend to have similar meanings. In spite of both sharing "context" as a key component, word embeddings have been scarcely applied in disability.

Predicting length of stay in patients admitted to stroke rehabilitation with severe and moderate levels of functional impairments.

Severe stroke patients are known to be associated with larger rehabilitation length of stay (LOS) but other factors besides severity may be contributing. We aim to identify LOS predictors within a population of mostly severe patients and analyze the impact of socioeconomic situation in functionality at admission.A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted including 172 inpatients admitted to a rehabilitation center between 2007 and 2019.

Subacute ischemic stroke rehabilitation outcomes in working-age adults: The role of aphasia in cognitive functional independence.

Background: About one-third of adult stroke patients suffer from aphasia when they are discharged from hospital. Aphasia seems to be a negative predictive factor affecting post-stroke functional recovery after rehabilitation, but this association has been scarcely addressed in previous research.

Objectives: We aim to evaluate the impact of aphasia in cognitive functional outcomes in working-age first-ever ischemic stroke adults.

Evidence of chronic stroke rehabilitation interventions in activities and participation outcomes: systematic review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disabilities worldwide. A great deal of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) address rehabilitation in chronic stroke, several of them with focus on activities and participation, considered critical outcomes of successful rehabilitation. Nevertheless, substantial heterogeneity might exist between studies, the reported associations may be causal, but they might also be flawed, as inherent study biases such as residual confounding and selective reporting of positive results may exaggerate the effect of interventions in chronic phase.

Stroke Survivors on Twitter: Sentiment and Topic Analysis From a Gender Perspective.

Background: Stroke is the worldwide leading cause of long-term disabilities. Women experience more activity limitations, worse health-related quality of life, and more poststroke depression than men. Twitter is increasingly used by individuals to broadcast their day-to-day happenings, providing unobtrusive access to samples of spontaneously expressed opinions on all types of topics and emotions.

Depression in Individuals With Traumatic and Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury Living in the Community.

Objective: To assess depression in a sample of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in the community, and to determine the prevalence of probable major depressive disorder (PMDD) among those with traumatic spinal cord injury (T-SCI) and those with nontraumatic spinal cord injury (NT-SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data were collected on individuals with SCI now living in the community, who completed a comprehensive follow-up assessment at the hospital.

Sensory Symptom Profiles of Patients With Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury.

Aim: Individuals experiencing neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury (SCI) present with a variety of pain descriptors in different combinations and at different intensities. These sensory features form distinct patterns, known as sensory symptom profiles.

Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, we have used a multivariate statistical method (multiple correspondence analysis) to categorize the sensory symptom profiles of a cohort of 338 patients with at-level or below-level NP after SCI.