Intermittent fasting reduces inflammation and joint damage in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis: insights from transcriptomic and metagenomic analyses.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown benefits in various pathological conditions. Although its anti-inflammatory potential has been recognized, its effects on the mechanism underlying rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IF in a murine model of RA.

Differential Composition and Structure of the Microbiota from Active and Inactive Stages of HLA-B27-associated Uveitis by Paired Fecal Metagenomes.

Purpose: To compare the diversities and abundances of bacterial taxa in the microbiome of patients with HLA B27-positive acute anterior uveitis (AAU) in the active and inactive phases.

Methods: An observational descriptive prospective and comparative study was conducted in ten HLA-B27-positive AAU patients (44.6 ± 13.

Marine Toxins as Pharmaceutical Treasure Troves: A Focus on Saxitoxin Derivatives from a Computational Point of View.

This work highlights the significant potential of marine toxins, particularly saxitoxin (STX) and its derivatives, in the exploration of novel pharmaceuticals. These toxins, produced by aquatic microorganisms and collected by bivalve mollusks and other filter-feeding organisms, offer a vast reservoir of chemical and biological diversity. They interact with sodium channels in physiological processes, affecting various functions in organisms.

Exploring marine toxins: comparative analysis of chemical reactivity properties and potential for drug discovery.

Marine toxins, produced by various marine microorganisms, pose significant risks to both marine ecosystems and human health. Understanding their diverse structures and properties is crucial for effective mitigation and exploration of their potential as therapeutic agents. This study presents a comparative analysis of two hydrophilic and two lipophilic marine toxins, examining their reactivity properties and bioavailability scores.

Computational Discovery of Marine Molecules of the Cyclopeptide Family with Therapeutic Potential.

Stellatolides are natural compounds that have shown promising biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, making them potential candidates for drug development. Chemical Reactivity Theory (CRT) is a branch of chemistry that explains and predicts the behavior of chemical reactions based on the electronic structure of molecules. Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT) and Computational Peptidology (CP) are computational approaches used to study the behavior of atoms, molecules, and peptides.

Talarolide A and Talaropeptides A-D: Potential Marine-Derived Therapeutic Peptides with Interesting Chemistry and Biological Activity Studied through Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Conceptual DFT.

Molecules sourced from marine environments hold immense promise for the development of novel therapeutic drugs, owing to their distinctive chemical compositions and valuable medicinal attributes. Notably, Talarolide A and Talaropeptides A-D have gained recent attention as potential candidates for pharmaceutical applications. This study aims to explore the chemical reactivity of Talarolide A and Talaropeptides A-D through the application of molecular modeling and computational chemistry techniques, specifically employing Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT).

Quasi-Diamond Platelet-Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Display Enhanced Antibacterial Activity.

The current study compares the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanostructures (neZnO). For this purpose, two bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (ATCC 4157) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) were challenged in room light conditions with the aforementioned materials. Colloidal and hydrothermal methods were used to obtain the quasi-round and quasi-diamond platelet-shape nanostructures.

Levofloxacin induces differential effects in the transcriptome between the gut, peripheral and axial joints in the Spondyloarthritis DBA/1 mice: Improvement of intestinal dysbiosis and the overall inflammatory process.

To analyze the effect of levofloxacin-induced intestinal microbiota modifications on intestinal, joint, and systemic inflammation in the DBA/1 mice with spontaneous arthritis. The study included two groups of mice, one of which received levofloxacin. The composition and structure of the microbiota were determined in the mice's stool using 16S rRNA sequencing; the differential taxa and metabolic pathway between mice treated with levofloxacin and control mice were also defied.

Genomic analysis finds no evidence of canonical eukaryotic DNA processing complexes in a free-living protist.

Cells replicate and segregate their DNA with precision. Previous studies showed that these regulated cell-cycle processes were present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor and that their core molecular parts are conserved across eukaryotes. However, some metamonad parasites have secondarily lost components of the DNA processing and segregation apparatuses.

Assessment of bacteriophage vB_Pd_PDCC-1 on bacterial dynamics during ontogenetic development of the longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana).

The Seriola genus includes species of worldwide commercial importance due to its rapid growth and easy adaptability to confinement conditions. However, like other fish species, large mortalities occur during their early life stages, where the main problems are caused by opportunistic bacteria. Disease control strategies are thus urgently needed.

Structure and predictive metabolic contribution of intestinal microbiota of Longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) juveniles in aquaculture systems.

Seriola rivoliana intestinal microbiota (IM) was characterised under aquaculture conditions through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Specimens of 30 days after hatching (DAH) were maintained in three tanks and fed under the same environmental conditions for characterisation 15 days prior to sampling. Three fish were randomly taken from each tank; total DNA extraction of the gut microbiota was performed to characterise microbial composition and its metabolic prediction.

Effect of Streptomyces probiotics on the gut microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

This study assessed the intestinal microbiota of juveniles of the White shrimp Litopenaus vannamei, whose feed was enriched with three probiotic formulations: Streptomyces sp. RL8 (RL8); a mix of Lactobacillus graminis and Streptomyces spp. RL8 and N7 (Lac-Strep); and a mix of Bacillus spp.

Evaluation of Homeopathic Phosphoric Acid, Silica and Pathogenic Vibrio on Digestive Enzyme Activity of Longfin Yellowtail Fish (Seriola rivoliana).

Background: This research aimed to observe the effect of homeopathically prepared (ViP) and (ViA) and the commercial homeopathic compound Similia ( and ) on the digestive enzyme activities of juveniles under usual culture conditions.

Materials And Methods: Biochemical analysis was used to study the effect of highly diluted substances (7C potency) prepared from ViP and ViA (Treatment 1: T1) and the homeopathic compound and (Treatment 2: T2) on changes in the main digestive enzymes on weaning-state fish (WS; 30 days post-hatching [DPH]) and early juveniles (EJ; 62 DPH) a reference control group that received no homeopathic medicines.

Results: Treatment T2 significantly increased the activity of trypsin and lipase and decreased the activity of amylase, whereas treatment T1 increased the activity of chymotrypsin and reduced the activity of aminopeptidase-N in WS fish.

Changes in digestive enzyme activities during early ontogeny of Seriola rivoliana.

This study contributes to basic knowledge on the development of larval digestive enzyme activities of Seriola rivoliana, a carnivorous species that has shown high mortality in larval stage. The study was conducted under laboratory-controlled conditions until larvae reached 30 days after hatching (DAH). The specific activity of amylase and pepsin was analysed by spectrophotometric methods, and lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin and alkaline phosphatase by fluorometry.

Immune and Antioxidant Enzyme Response of Longfin Yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) Juveniles to Ultra-diluted Substances Derived from Phosphorus, Silica and Pathogenic Vibrio.

Background:  This research aimed to observe the effect of homeopathic treatments prepared from and (H1) and commercial homeopathic medication and (H2) on the immune and antioxidant response in juveniles under usual culture conditions and challenged with .

Materials And Methods:  Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to study changes in the expression of key genes related to immune response, cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β]), adapter protein for cytokine release (MyD88) and piscidin and spectrophotometric techniques to analyze the activity of antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in juveniles at 30 (weaning stage [WS]) and 60 (early juveniles [EJ]) days post-hatching.

Results:  The H1 treatment led to over-expression of the IL-1β and MyD88 genes in fish at WS and EJ with respect to control, contrary to the H2 treatment that led to under-expression of the IL-1β, MyD88 and piscidin genes at the EJ stage.

Histological study of the gastrointestinal tract in longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) larvae.

This work contributes basic knowledge on larval development of Seriola rivoliana. A histological study describes the development of the digestive tract and accessory glands in S. rivoliana larvae reared under laboratory conditions at 24 °C from hatching to 30 days post-hatching (DPH).