Risk of Urinary Tract Infection and Bacteremia in Infants Infected With COVID-19.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) and bacteremia in infants 1 year or less of age infected with COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective study from TriNetX database in the United States. This study was from March 11, 2020, to May 11, 2023, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

SARS-CoV-2 and RSV bronchiolitis outcomes.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) bronchiolitis has arisen with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. There is a paucity of literature on SARS-CoV-2 bronchiolitis.

Objective: The purpose of our paper was to review and compare outcomes in bronchiolitis due to severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).

Outcomes of croup in children: COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 cases.

: The emergence of COVID-19 has revealed its association with croup. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of COVID-19 related croup to non-COVID-19 related croup during the COVID-19 pandemic. : This retrospective propensity matched study used data from 2020-2023 in the United States Cohort of the TriNetX database that includes 56 major health care organizations.

Role of functional echocardiographic parameters in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension.

Echocardiogram (echo) is a commonly used noninvasive modality for the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH). Though not considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of BPD-PH, it is an extremely valuable tool in the neonatal and pediatric population, especially when cardiac catheterization is not feasible. In addition to the traditional echo parameters that are used to assess the presence of BPD-PH, much attention has been recently placed on newer bedside echo measures, the so-called functional echo parameters, to aid and assist in the diagnosis.

Diffuse Chorangiomatosis as a Cause of Cardiomegaly, Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in a Newborn.

Introduction: The hallmark of diffuse chorangiomatosis is capillary dysvasculogenesis, diffusely involving the placenta. It can cause massive placental enlargement and may have adverse fetal effects.

Case Report: A 32 weeks gestation male infant was born via cesarean section and had a placenta weighing 900 g.

Sustained Neuromuscular Blockade after Vecuronium Use in a Premature Infant.

Background Prolonged use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) is very common in critically ill children both in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. There are no guidelines available for use of NMBAs in children or neonates in the US, and the data for their safety in this age group is limited. Case Description Our case describes prolonged neuromuscular blockade following concurrent use of a NMBA along with aminoglycosides and steroids in the setting of renal failure in a premature infant.

Crew resource management improved perception of patient safety in the operating room.

To improve safety in the operating theater, a company of aviation pilots was employed to guide implementation of preprocedural briefings. A 5-point Likert scale survey that assessed the attitudes of operating room personnel toward patient safety was distributed before and 6 months following implementation of the briefings. Using Mann-Whitney analysis, the survey showed a significant (P < .

Symptomatic persistent sciatic artery in a newborn.

Persistent sciatic artery is an unusual anatomical anomaly first noted in 1832. Approximately 60 to 70 cases have been documented in the literature, but none described symptomatic persistent sciatic artery presenting in the neonate. We report a case of a newborn infant who presented after birth with an atrophic right lower extremity and ischemia.

Are routine cranial ultrasounds necessary in premature infants greater than 30 weeks gestation?

The purpose of this study was to validate the recommendation of the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society that screening cranial ultrasonography be performed routinely on all infants of less than 30 weeks gestation at 7 to 14 days of age and again between 36 and 40 weeks postmenstrual age, and, by using this practice parameter, to determine the number of babies with a clinically significant abnormal screening cranial ultrasound (US) who would otherwise have been missed. A retrospective study of 486 infants of 30 to 33 weeks gestation born January 1, 1999 to June 30, 2004 was done. All had screening cranial ultrasounds.

Outcome of gastroschisis: a 20-year case review of infants with gastroschisis born in Galveston, Texas.

Background/purpose: In the past decade, the preferred method of closure of gastroschisis at our institution has been staged reduction using a silo with repair on an elective basis (SR) rather than primary surgical closure (PC). We performed a 20-year case review of infants with gastroschisis at a university hospital to compare these shifts in management and to determine factors affecting outcome.

Methods: Seventy-two cases were reviewed from 1983 to 2003.

Gardnerella vaginalis-infected scalp hematoma associated with electronic fetal monitoring.

Infections in the neonate caused by the vaginal commensal Gardnerella vaginalis are rare and mostly consist of bacteremia. A 4130-g term neonate developed an infection of a scalp hematoma with G. vaginalis.

Hospice care for the incarcerated in the United States: an introduction.

Prison populations throughout the Unites States are growing; the 1990s saw an average 6.5% per year increase. Average inmate age is increasing, as are both the number and rate of inmate deaths.