Stensen's Duct Dynamic Anatomy Assessed with Sialography.

The presence of a catheter required for contrast infusion during sialography obscures imaging of the distal duct. Static imaging via cone beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance sialography fails to address changes that occur dynamically to the anatomy of the flexible salivary ductal system. We aim to identify dynamic changes to the parotid gland by introducing a novel approach to analyze the full extent of Stensen's duct based on dynamic infusion digital sialography.

Gadolinium as a contrast agent for infusion sialograms in patients with iodine allergy.

Objectives: To assess the adequacy of gadolinium in sialography as an alternative contrast agent for patients with iodine allergies. To directly compare images taken with gadolinium versus iodine-based contrast agents using the Iowa Sialography Classification System.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients undergoing sialography between February 2008 and July 2022.

Clinical and radiographic follow-up after the Wilkie procedure at 28 years: A case report.

Rerouting of the parotid ducts posteriorly to drain into the tonsillar fossae (Wilkie procedure) was initially designed to address drooling in patients with cerebral palsy. This procedure was subsequently modified to include bilateral submandibular gland excision and extended to apply to other etiologies of sialorrhea. Our literature review failed to identify report of long-term follow-up beyond 2 decades following this procedure.

Conventional and MR-sialography of accessory submandibular glands: A case report.

Our review of the literature shows anatomical variation of the submandibular gland is a rare entity, unlike the variation that can be seen in parotid glands. Specifically, bilateral submandibular abnormality has only been reported on one occasion with limited imaging in our review. We report a 78-year-old female with a history of sialadenitis and sialolithiasis who presents with swelling and pain in the right submandibular gland.

Ultrasound and Sialogram Correlates to Parotid Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is an immune-mediated disorder that commonly manifests in the salivary glands. As a recently described disorder, the description and classification of IgG4-related disease is an ongoing process. Diagnosis of IgG4-related disease requires integration of clinical history, histopathology, and radiographic findings, including ultrasonography and sialography.

Sialographic Analysis of Radioiodine-Associated Chronic Sialadenitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To apply a novel sialography classification system to identify parotid and submandibular ductal findings following I-131 therapy and to assess correlates to dose and duration of symptoms.

Study Design: Retrospective single-center case series.

Methods: Patients who underwent sialography between February 2008 and February 2019 after previously receiving I-131 treatment were identified via a retrospective chart review.

Sialographic analysis of parotid ductal abnormalities associated with Sjogren's syndrome.

Objectives: To analyze the location and degree of parotid ductal abnormalities associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and to correlate findings with the duration of the disease. To develop a classification system based on contemporary sialography techniques and employ the system to grade findings on sialograms. To assess the role for therapeutic intervention in patients with SS.

Survival after reoperation for recurrent glioblastoma.

Determining which patients will benefit from reoperation for recurrent glioblastoma remains difficult and the impact of the volume of FLAIR signal hyperintensity is not well known. The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of preoperative volume of FLAIR hyperintensity on prognosis. 37 patients who underwent a reoperation for recurrent glioblastoma after initial gross total resection followed by standard chemoradiation were retrospectively reviewed.

Intraoperative Shoulder Traction as Cause of C5 Palsy: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Objective: During surgery, shoulder traction is often used for better fluoroscopic imaging of the lower cervical spine. Traction on the C5 root has been implicated as a potential cause of C5 palsy after cervical spine surgery. Using magnetic resonance imaging, this study was undertaken to determine the impact of upper extremity traction on the C5 root orientation.

Diagnosis of small vestibular schwannomas using constructive interference steady state sequence.

Objectives/hypothesis: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of constructive interference steady state (CISS) sequencing compared to gadolinium-enhanced T1 (GdT1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to screen for small vestibular schwannomas (VSs), and to assess the overall diagnostic confidence of neuroradiologists in their ability to accurately diagnose or rule out VSs using CISS imaging compared to a GdT1 MRI STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Chart review from 2011 to 2015 was performed for VS/benign cerebellopontine angle tumors. Two blinded, board-certified neuroradiologists each independently reviewed the axial CISS sequence and answered a set of questions that determined their confidence in diagnosis of VS.

Radiocontrast Dye Extravasation During Sialography.

Objective: Evaluate the pathophysiology of contrast extravasation.

Methods: Two hundred fifty-five sialograms at the University of Iowa from 2008 to 2016 were reviewed.

Results: Twelve sialograms (4.

Pneumoparotitis as a complication of long-term oronasal positive airway pressure for sleep apnea.

Background: Parotid swelling is rarely caused by pneumoparotitis from retrograde insufflation of air into Stensen's duct. Previous reports have identified occupational exposures, self-induced habits, exercise, spirometry, and short-term positive pressure airway ventilation as causes of salivary duct insufflation.

Methods: We present 2 cases of pneumoparotitis in patients on long-term oronasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for obstructive sleep apnea.

Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma localized with four-dimensional CT: a case report.

We present a case of an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma in a 58-year-old male patient. We show how different imaging modalities were successfully used to reach a diagnosis. We particularly focus on the role of four-dimensional CT scan in preoperative localization of ectopic adenomas and discuss how diverse imaging modalities can be integrated in the workup of ectopic parathyroid adenomas.

Interobserver and intermodality variability in GTV delineation on simulation CT, FDG-PET, and MR Images of Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: To compare the interobserver and intermodality differences in image-based identification of head and neck primary site gross tumor volumes (GTV). Modalities compared include: contrast-enhanced CT, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET/CT) and contrast-enhanced MRI.

Methods And Materials: Fourteen patients were simulated after immobilization for all 3 imaging modalities (CT, PET/CT, MRI).

Craniofacial osteoma: clinical presentation and patterns of growth.

Background: This study was designed to investigate the clinical features and the growth rate of craniofacial osteomas.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed of 200 cases of craniofacial osteomas diagnosed from January 2001 to September 2011. Data pertinent to patient and osteoma lesion characteristics were collected.

Automatic retrieval of bone fracture knowledge using natural language processing.

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques to extract data from unstructured text into formal computer representations are valuable for creating robust, scalable methods to mine data in medical documents and radiology reports. As voice recognition (VR) becomes more prevalent in radiology practice, there is opportunity for implementing NLP in real time for decision-support applications such as context-aware information retrieval. For example, as the radiologist dictates a report, an NLP algorithm can extract concepts from the text and retrieve relevant classification or diagnosis criteria or calculate disease probability.

Radiographic association of schwannomas with sensory ganglia.

Objective: Clinical experience suggests that the majority of schwannomas arise within sensory ganglia, suggesting that intraganglionic glial cells represent a potential cell of origin for schwannomas. To support this clinical impression, we reviewed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed over a 5-year period at our institution to determine the relationship of cranial and spinal nerve schwannomas with the ganglia of the associated nerves.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Medical student radiology externs: increasing exposure to radiology, improving education, and influencing career choices.

Purpose: The radiology externship program at the authors' institution introduces medical students to radiology using a hands-on approach and is tailored to interested third-year medical students. There are currently limited data available on whether the program increases exposure to radiology in a positive fashion and how it influences medical students' education and career choices.

Methods: In September 2010, current and former externs between 2007 and 2010 were surveyed using an anonymous, Web-based survey.

Pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhage and cortical visual impairment as the presenting sign of gliomatosis cerebri.

A 49-year-old white male presented with a pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhage and diffuse brain edema. Neuroimaging showed brain edema causing the unusual findings of a pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhage and bilateral occipital lobe infarcts following herniation and compression of the posterior cerebral arteries. An enlarged corpus callosum was noted which led to a brain biopsy and a diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri.

Request form history, clinical indication, and yield of brain magnetic resonance studies.

Purpose: To investigate whether improved clinical history allows the radiologist to better predict the pretest probability of obtaining a positive or negative result from a magnetic resonance (MR) examination.

Materials And Methods: Six neuroradiologists prospectively reviewed 100 consecutive requests for brain MR examinations and sequentially assessed 1) quality of written history, 2) degree of indication for requested study, and 3) any pertinent new information found during chart review that may have altered the degree of indication. MR yield was correlated with the degree of indication assessed before and after chart review.

Radiology residency eCurriculum developed in-house: evaluation of benefits and weaknesses.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate residents' use of a radiology curriculum CD-ROM designed to provide ready access to the department's curricula, study materials, and Internet resources.

Materials And Methods: A survey questionnaire eliciting feedback about the usability and value of the CD-ROM, as well as suggestions for future modifications in its content, was distributed to radiology residents (n = 26) in the authors' training program. Twenty-three (88%) of the residents responded to the survey.

Qualitative assessment of cervical spinal stenosis: observer variability on CT and MR images.

Background And Purpose: Several studies have been undertaken to validate quantitative methods of evaluating cervical spinal stenosis. This study was performed to assess the degree of interobserver and intraobserver agreement in the qualitative evaluation of cervical spinal stenosis on CT myelograms and MR images.

Methods: Cervical MR images and CT myelograms of 38 patients were evaluated retrospectively.