Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Study Using Real-World Data.

: This study aimed to assess the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) treated in primary-care settings in Catalonia, Spain, and identify key risk factors associated with DR development. : A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the SIDIAP (System for Research and Development in Primary Care) database. Patients aged 30-90 with T2DM who underwent retinal screening between 2010 and 2015 were included.

Adherence to the therapeutic guidelines recommendations among the people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, frailty, or recent diagnosis, attended in primary health care centers in Spain: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines are helpful for clinicians, and their proper implementation could improve the quality of care and management of participants with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of adherence to the Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) recommendations among obese, frail, or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants in primary care centers in Spain.

Methods: We perform a cross-sectional study on a national level in two phases.

Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus Are at Increased Risk for Developing Tuberculosis: A Cohort Study in an Inner-City District of Barcelona (Spain).

Background: Tuberculosis is the leading cause of mortality from lung infectious disease worldwide in recent years, and its incidence has re-emerged in large cities in low-incidence countries due to migration and socioeconomic deprivation causes. Diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis are syndemic diseases, with diabetes being considered a risk factor for developing tuberculosis.

Objective: To investigate whether diabetic patients were at increased risk of tuberculosis living in an inner-district of a large city of northeastern Spain.

Associations Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Parkinson's Disease: Results From the Catalonian Primary Care Cohort Study.

The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD) among subjects with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in our large primary health care database from Catalonia (Spain). A retrospective cohort study with pseudo-anonymized routinely collected health data from SIDIAP was conducted from 2008 to 2016. We calculated the number of events, time to event, cumulative incidence, and incidence rates of PD for subjects with and without DR and for different stages of DR.

[Management of hyperglycaemia with non-insulin drugs in adult patients with type 2 diabetes].

Treatment of diabetes mellitus type2 (DM2) includes healthy eating and exercise (150minutes/week) as basic pillars. For pharmacological treatment, metformin is the initial drug except contraindication or intolerance; in case of poor control, 8 therapeutic families are available (6 oral and 2 injectable) as possible combinations. An algorithm and some recommendations for the treatment of DM2 are presented.

Prognostic Value of the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline in Hypertensive Patients Without Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Our objective of this study was to determine if rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and its intensity was associated with cardiovascular risk and death in patients with hypertension whose baseline eGFR was higher than 60 ml/minute/1.73 m2.

Methods: This study comprised 2,516 patients with hypertension who had had at least 2 serum creatinine measurements over a 4-year period.

Glomerular Filtration Rate and/or Ratio of Urine Albumin to Creatinine as Markers for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Ten-Year Follow-Up Study.

Aims: To determine the relationship between diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy on a population of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods: A prospective ten-year follow-up population-based study. We determined differences between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation and urine albumin to creatinine ratio.

Decreased iron stores are associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Background And Aims: The possible contribution of iron to cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been scarcely investigated. We aimed to study whether serum ferritin is linked to prevalent/incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in T2D.

Methods: The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) and CVD was evaluated in the SIDIAP study (n = 38,617) and prevalence and 7-year incidence were analysed in the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study (ET2DS) (n = 821).

Glycaemic control and treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults aged 75 years or older.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess glycaemic control and prescribing practices of antihyperglycaemic treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 aged 75 years or older.

Methods: We analysed data from health electronic records from 4,581 persons attended at primary healthcare centres of the Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), in the Girona Sud area of Catalonia, Spain, during 2013 and 2016. Variables such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, age at diabetes diagnosis, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, glomerular filtrate rate and the albumin/creatinine ratio in urine were collected.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a representative population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients in Catalonia (Spain).

Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 28,344 patients diagnosed with DM2 who had recorded ophthalmologic and renal functional examinations were evaluated.

Comparison of different vascular risk engines in the identification of type 2 diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk.

Background: Some authors consider that secondary prevention should be conducted for all DM2 patients, while others suggest that the drug preventive treatment should start or be increased depending on each patient's individual CVR, estimated using cardiovascular or coronary risk functions to identify the patients with a higher CVR. The principal objective of this study was to assess three different cardiovascular risk prediction models in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: Multicentre, cross-sectional descriptive study of 3,041 patients with type 2 diabetes and no history of cardiovascular disease.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes who had recorded diabetic retinopathy from retinal photographs in Catalonia (Spain).

Background/aims: Retinal photography with a non-mydriatic camera is the method currently employed for diabetic retinography (DR) screening. We designed this study in order to evaluate the prevalence and severity of DR, and associated risk factors, in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) screened in Catalan Primary Health Care.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, population based study performed in Catalonia (Spain) with patients with T2DM, aged between 30 years and 90 years (on 31 December 2012) screened with retinal photography and whose DR category was recorded in their medical records.

Impact of chronic kidney disease on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain: PERCEDIME2 study.

Background: The presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) regardless of the presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. There is controversy about the impact of each of the manifestations of CKD on the prevalence of CVD, whether it is greater with decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or increased urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR).

Methods: This study is a national cross-sectional study performed in primary care consults.

Retinal arteriole-to-venule ratio changes and target organ disease evolution in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients at 1-year follow-up.

There is no agreement on the systematic exploration of the fundus oculi (FO) in hypertensive patients, and it is unknown whether the evolution of retinal microcirculatory alterations has prognostic value or not. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the evolution of the arteriole-to-venule ratio (AVR) in newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients is associated with better or worse evolution of target organ damage (TOD) during 1 year. A cohort of 133 patients with newly-diagnosed untreated hypertension was followed for 1 year.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain: PERCEDIME2 study.

Background: The objective of this study was to determinate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the different stages of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) treated in primary care consults in Spain.

Methods: A national cross-sectional study was performed in primary care consults. The following data were collected: demographic and anthropometric information; list of present cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF); previous macrovascular and microvascular disease history; physical examination and analytical data from the previous 12 months, including the urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to evaluate renal function.