Drawing the abdominal pain: A powerful tool to distinguish between organic and functional abdominal pain.

Objectives: Abdominal pain (AP) in children imposes a large economic burden on the healthcare system. Currently, there are no reliable diagnostic tools to differentiate between organic and functional disorders. We hypothesized from previous research that the analysis of patients' graphic expression of subjective symptoms as well as their interactional behavior adds new ways to differentiate between functional and organic AP.

Genotype-phenotype correlation and treatment effects in young patients with -associated disorders.

Background: Patients carrying pathogenic variants in often present with early-onset central hypotonia and global developmental delay, with or without epilepsy. As the disorder progresses, a complex hypertonic and hyperkinetic movement disorder is a common phenotype. A genotype-phenotype correlation has not yet been described and there are no evidence-based therapeutic recommendations.

Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Heterozygous Variant in the Cav1.3 Gene Associated with Familial Sinus Node Dysfunction and Focal Idiopathic Epilepsy.

Cav1.3 voltage-gated L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) are involved in cardiac pacemaking, hearing and hormone secretion, but are also expressed postsynaptically in neurons. So far, homozygous loss of function mutations in encoding the Cav1.

The Phenotypic Spectrum of PRRT2-Associated Paroxysmal Neurologic Disorders in Childhood.

Pathogenic variants in , encoding the proline-rich transmembrane protein 2, have been associated with an evolving spectrum of paroxysmal neurologic disorders. Based on a cohort of children with PRRT2-related infantile epilepsy, this study aimed at delineating the broad clinical spectrum of PRRT2-associated phenotypes in these children and their relatives. Only a few recent larger cohort studies are on record and findings from single reports were not confirmed so far.

Lack of efficacy of manual therapy in children and adolescents with suspected cervicogenic headache: results of a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded trial.

Objective: Clinical trials concerning cervical spine manipulation and mobilization in children and adolescents with cervicogenic headache are lacking.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded trial in 52 children and adolescents (21 boys, 31 girls) aged 7-15. After prospective baseline documentation for 2 months patients were either assigned to placebo or true manipulation with another 2-month follow-up.

Levetiracetam in children with refractory epilepsy: a multicenter open label study in Germany.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Levetiracetam (LEV) in a large pediatric cohort with drug-resistant epilepsy from a prospective multicenter observational study.

Methods: We report the results of a multicenter observational survey of a cohort of 285 pediatric patients (mean: 9.9 years, range: 0; 6-17; 11) with refractory generalized and focal epilepsy who received Levetiracetam as an add-on open label treatment trial.