Quantitative Evaluation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values, ISUP Grades and Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Values of Potentially Malignant PI-RADS Lesions.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between ADC values and the ADC/PSAD ratio for potentially malignant prostate lesions classified into ISUP grades and to determine threshold values to differentiate benign lesions (noPCa), clinically insignificant (nsPCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We enrolled a total of 403 patients with 468 prostate lesions, of which 46 patients with 50 lesions were excluded for different reasons. Therefore, 357 patients with a total of 418 prostate lesions remained for the final evaluation.

Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT and ultrasound in staging of patients with malignant melanoma.

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of 2-18fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) and ultrasound (US) for staging patients with malignant melanoma.

Methods: In total, 258 patients (112 men and 146 women; mean age, 61 ± 16years) met the primary inclusion criteria for malignant melanoma without further malignancy proven by histopathology. This was a retrospective study of the diagnostic accuracy.

Prostate Cancer Detection with mpMRI According to PI-RADS v2 Compared with Systematic MRI/TRUS-Fusion Biopsy: A Prospective Study.

Background: mpMRI assesses prostate lesions through their PI-RADS score. The primary goal of this prospective study was to demonstrate the correlation of PI-RADS v2 score and the volume of a lesion with the presence and clinical significance of prostate cancer (PCa). The secondary goal was to determine the extent of additionally PCa in inconspicuous areas.

Evaluation of Cystic and Solid Renal Lesions with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: A Retrospective Study.

Renal lesions are frequent random findings on CT, MRI, and conventional ultrasound. Since they are usually found accidentally, the respective examinations have not been performed optimally to provide a conclusive diagnosis, making additional multiphase contrast-enhanced examinations necessary. The aim of the study is to correlate CEUS findings with the final diagnosis and to determine whether it is a suitable method for the conclusive characterization of undetermined renal lesions.

The use of ultrasound in primary care: longitudinal billing and cross-sectional survey study in Switzerland.

Background: Ultrasound imaging is utilized in Swiss primary care; however, little is known regarding the extent to which it is performed. With this study, we aim to (1) provide an overview of ultrasound use by general practitioners (GPs), and (2) determine the clinical indications of ultrasound in Swiss general practice.

Methods: This is a quantitative study, analyzing 15 years of billing data from 213 GPs in Central Switzerland, and cross-sectional survey data completed by 61 GPs attending 26 certification and refresher courses offered by the Swiss Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (SGUM).

Refining the criteria for immediate total-body CT after severe trauma.

Objectives: Initial trauma care could potentially be improved when conventional imaging and selective CT scanning is omitted and replaced by immediate total-body CT (iTBCT) scanning. Because of the potentially increased radiation exposure by this diagnostic approach, proper selection of the severely injured patients is mandatory.

Methods: In the REACT-2 trial, severe trauma patients were randomized to iTBCT or conventional imaging and selective CT based on predefined criteria regarding compromised vital parameters, clinical suspicion of severe injuries, or high-risk trauma mechanisms in five trauma centers.

"Green Fingerprint" Project: Evaluation of the Power Consumption of Reporting Stations in a Radiology Department.

Rationale And Objectives: To quantify the power or energy consumption of reporting stations in a radiology department and to consider a hypothetical scenario to reduce energy waste.

Methods: We measured the energy consumption of 36 radiology reporting stations over a mean time frame of about 194 days and then extrapolated results to 1 year. Reporting stations were configured (by default) to enter a stand-by mode after 4 hours of inactivity.

Emergency Bleeding Control Interventions After Immediate Total-Body CT Scans in Trauma Patients.

Background: Immediate total-body CT (iTBCT) is often used for screening of potential severely injured patients. Patients requiring emergency bleeding control interventions benefit from fast and optimal trauma screening. The aim of this study was to assess whether an initial trauma assessment with iTBCT is associated with lower mortality in patients requiring emergency bleeding control interventions.

Immediate total-body CT scanning versus conventional imaging and selective CT scanning in patients with severe trauma (REACT-2): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Published work suggests a survival benefit for patients with trauma who undergo total-body CT scanning during the initial trauma assessment; however, level 1 evidence is absent. We aimed to assess the effect of total-body CT scanning compared with the standard work-up on in-hospital mortality in patients with trauma.

Methods: We undertook an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial at four hospitals in the Netherlands and one in Switzerland.

Feasibility of Dose Optimization in a Second-Generation Dual-Source CT Scanner for a Manufacturer-Recommended Urolithiasis Protocol for Imaging Renal Stones.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to investigate the magnitude of dose optimization for a manufacturer-recommended urolithiasis protocol in a second-generation dual-source CT scanner.

Materials And Methods: Custom renal phantoms with 24 stones were scanned using the manufacturer-provided dual-energy CT protocol (tube A, 100 kVp and 210 reference mAs; tube B, 140 kVp and 162 reference mAs) and seven dose-optimized protocols in which the reference tube current-time product setting of tube A was reduced stepwise by 20 mAs. Detection and characterization of the stones was assessed.

Colorectal cancer: current imaging methods and future perspectives for the diagnosis, staging and therapeutic response evaluation.

In the last 10 years the mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) has decreased by more than 20% due to the rising developments in diagnostic techniques and optimization of surgical, neoadjuvant and palliative therapies. Diagnostic methods currently used in the evaluation of CRC are heterogeneous and can vary within the countries and the institutions. This article aims to discuss in depth currently applied imaging modalities such as virtual computed tomography colonoscopy, endorectal ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of CRC.

Missed diagnosis of a gallstone ileus: an incomplete laparoscopy due to a putative ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection.

A 90-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Initial investigations revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness and fever, combined with leucocytosis and marked elevation of C reactive protein levels. Abdominal CT demonstrated segmental bowel wall thickening in the jejunum near the tip of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, which had been placed 17 years before because of hydrocephalus.

Remote sonographic interpretation: comparison of standardized video clips to still images.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of standardized video clips compared with still images in the diagnostic accuracy of remote sonographic interpretation.

Methods: We compared the remote interpretation of sonographic examinations acquired with a standardized video clip approach to examinations performed with still images alone in 60 patients with various hepatic and extrahepatic pathologies.

Results: The use of video clips improved the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic studies interpreted remotely compared with the use of still images (p < 0.

Multiple FNH-Like Lesions in a Patient with Chronic Budd-Chiari Syndrome: Gd-EOB-Enhanced MRI and BR1 CEUS Findings.

A-26-year old female patient with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome due to different underlying blood disorders applied for a two-year followup of the liver with Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic-acid-(Gd-EOB-DTPA-) enhanced MRI. The liver function tests were raised. Besides showing a progressive hepatosplenomegaly and a cirrhotic liver alteration, the MRI revealed multiple new nodular lesions in all liver segments.

A multicenter, randomized controlled trial of immediate total-body CT scanning in trauma patients (REACT-2).

Background: Computed tomography (CT) scanning has become essential in the early diagnostic phase of trauma care because of its high diagnostic accuracy. The introduction of multi-slice CT scanners and infrastructural improvements made total-body CT scanning technically feasible and its usage is currently becoming common practice in several trauma centers. However, literature provides limited evidence whether immediate total-body CT leads to better clinical outcome then conventional radiographic imaging supplemented with selective CT scanning in trauma patients.

Characterisation of focal liver lesions with unenhanced and contrast enhanced low MI real time ultrasound: on-site unblinded versus off-site blinded reading.

Objective: To compare on-site and blinded off-site reading of baseline ultrasound (US) and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for classification and characterisation of focal liver lesions.

Materials And Methods: 99 patients (57 women and 42 men, age range 18-89 years, mean age: 59 years) with 53 malignant and 46 benign liver lesions were studied with unenhanced US followed by contrast enhanced US after injection of 2.4 ml SonoVue® (Bracco, Milano, Italy).