Parental vaccine hesitancy and acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine: An internet-based survey in the US and five Asian countries.

COVID-19 vaccination rates for children globally are relatively low. This study aimed to investigate parental vaccine hesitancy and parents' acceptance of a COVID-19 for their children for their children in the United States, China, Taiwan, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia.We analyzed data from an opt-in, internet-based cross-sectional study (n = 23,940).

Trends in childhood vaccination in Pakistan and associated factors; 2006-2018.

Introduction: Pakistan still has ongoing transmission of wild type polio virus. This study aims to determine changes in full vaccination with recommended Expanded Program on Immunization vaccines, including polio, by several socio-economic and demographic factors.

Methods: We used three waves of Pakistan's Demographic and Health Survey, a population-based cross-sectional study from 2006-07 (N = 1471), 2012-13 (N = 1706), and 2017-18 (N = 1549), analyzed by residence, wealth, and sociodemographic factors.

Bringing Fundamental Insights of Induced Resistance to Agricultural Management of Herbivore Pests.

In response to herbivory, most plant species adjust their chemical and morphological phenotype to acquire induced resistance to the attacking herbivore. Induced resistance may be an optimal defence strategy that allows plants to reduce metabolic costs of resistance in the absence of herbivores, allocate resistance to the most valuable plant tissues and tailor its response to the pattern of attack by multiple herbivore species. Moreover, plasticity in resistance decreases the potential that herbivores adapt to specific plant resistance traits and need to deal with a moving target of variable plant quality.

Cannabis smoking, tobacco cigarette smoking, and adenomyosis risk.

Objective: To investigate cannabis smoking and tobacco cigarette smoking in relation to adenomyosis risk.

Design: We used data from a case-control study of adenomyosis conducted among enrollees ages 18-59 years of an integrated health care system in Washington State. The case-control study used 2 control groups given the challenge of selecting noncases when cases are diagnosed by hysterectomy.

Reduction in Rubella Virus Active Cases among Children and Adolescents after Rubella Vaccine Implementation in Tanzania: A Call for Sustained High Vaccination Coverage.

Rubella virus (RV) infection in susceptible women during the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with congenital Rubella syndrome (CRS). In countries where a vaccination program is implemented, active case surveillance is emphasized. This report documents the magnitude of active cases before and after vaccine implementation in Tanzania.

Right Testicular Seminoma With Bilateral Testicular Atrophy in a 44-Year-Old Infertility Patient.

Testicular cancer is common but curable when diagnosed early. Testicular cancer is often characterized by a painless unilateral testicular mass discovered incidentally. In rare cases, testicular cancer is manifested as testicular atrophy.

Knee kinematics are variously influenced by different correction angles in high tibial osteotomy (HTO).

Purpose: Literature reveals good to excellent data concerning patient satisfaction, as well as long-term outcomes after high tibial osteotomy (HTO). These results might be influenced by changes of knee kinematics through the procedure. However, exact influence of HTO on tibiofemoral kinematics remains unknown so far.

QuickLib, a method for building fully synthetic plasmid libraries by seamless cloning of degenerate oligonucleotides.

Incorporation of synthetic degenerate oligonucleotides into plasmids for building highly diverse genetic libraries requires efficient and quantitative DNA manipulation. We present a fast and seamless method for generating libraries of PCR-synthesized plasmids designed with a degenerate sequence and short overlapping ends. Our method called QuickLib should find many applications in synthetic biology; as an example, we easily prepared genetic libraries of Escherichia coli expressing billions of different backbone cyclic peptides.

Chiropractic Distraction Spinal Manipulation on Postsurgical Continued Low Back and Radicular Pain Patients: A Retrospective Case Series.

Purpose: The purpose of this case series is to report on changes in pain levels experienced by 69 postsurgical continued pain patients who received Cox Technic Flexion Distraction (CTFD).

Methods: Fifteen doctors of chiropractic collected retrospective data from the records of the postsurgical continued pain patients seen in their clinic from February to July 2012 who were treated with CTFD, which is a type of chiropractic distraction spinal manipulation. Informed consent was obtained from all patients who met the inclusion criteria for this study.

Cox decompression manipulation and guided rehabilitation of a patient with a post surgical c6-c7 fusion with spondylotic myelopathy and concurrent L5-s1 radiculopathy.

Objective: The purpose of this case report is to describe combined treatment utilizing Cox distraction manipulation and guided rehabilitation for a patient with spine pain and post-surgical C6-7 fusion with spondylotic myelopathy and L5-S1 radiculopathy.

Clinical Features: A 38-year-old man presented to a chiropractic clinic with neck pain and a history of an anterior cervical spine plate fusion at C6-7 after a work related accident 4 years earlier. He had signs and symptoms of spondolytic myelopathy and right lower back, right posterior thigh pain and numbness.

Intradiscal Pressure Changes during Manual Cervical Distraction: A Cadaveric Study.

The objective of this study was to measure intradiscal pressure (IDP) changes in the lower cervical spine during a manual cervical distraction (MCD) procedure. Incisions were made anteriorly, and pressure transducers were inserted into each nucleus at lower cervical discs. Four skilled doctors of chiropractic (DCs) performed MCD procedure on nine specimens in prone position with contacts at C5 or at C6 vertebrae with the headpiece in different positions.

The practice doctorate: where do Canadian nursing leaders stand?

This article calls upon Canadian nursing leaders to examine the merits and downsides of the new practice doctorate degree - the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP). The impetus for the DNP arose from within the American nursing profession in order to address the knowledge and skills needed by advanced practice nurses to work in today's complex healthcare environment. The DNP is the newest practice doctorate degree and in 2015 will be the entry to practice degree required of all new advanced practice nurses in the United States.

A community program to fight child abuse: the Fort Wayne Children's Foundation and Kids' Law.

This paper offers a brief review of child abuse in the United States and describes an example of a community program in Fort Wayne, Ind, to stop and reverse the adverse effects of child abuse. This commentary aims to offer resources, raise awareness, and stimulate research into child abuse incidence, type, and prevention.

Scleroderma: living with unpredictability.

Every individual with scleroderma is unique. Symptoms vary in severity, duration, and effect on the individual. Many with scleroderma live an unpredictable life, as they struggle to understand the condition and to manage the unpredictable symptoms.

The relative value of nursing work: a study in progress.

The nursing shortage is likely to continue and, without intervention, may worsen. While retention and recruitment are constantly discussed among nursing leaders, the shortages, particularly in specialty areas, continue. Nurses have frequently stated that they are not valued for their knowledge.

Life with a rare chronic disease: the scleroderma experience.

Background: Little is known about the experience of living with a rare disease and how people with rare diseases cope with not only the disease but also the reactions of others. Scleroderma is a rare chronic connective tissue disease that results in fibrotic changes involving all or some organs of the body. The two types of scleroderma are systemic scleroderma, which involves the skin and internal organs and is the more serious type, and local scleroderma, which attacks the skin and surrounding tissues.

Embedded assumptions in qualitative studies of fatigue.

Qualitative researchers have long recognized that fatigue is a common concern among those with chronic illness; however, the insights derived from this body of inquiry have not been synthesized into a coherent body of clinical knowledge that could provide direction for nursing practice. Using a synthesis approach of meta-study, the authors identify four predominant assumptions embedded in qualitative studies that have influenced the way researchers have interpreted and made sense of their findings about fatigue in chronic illness over the past two decades. They argue that these assumptions may have inhibited the development of more dynamic, comprehensive understandings of fatigue.

An assessment of social support in people with inflammatory bowel disease.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess the perceived level of social support in a sample of people with inflammatory bowel disease. This assessment was to serve as the basis for the development and evaluation of a program of social support. The Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ-85), which measures perceived level of social support, was mailed to all members (n = 300) of the Northwestern Society for Intestinal Research.

Chronic illness experience: insights from a metastudy.

Concurrent with the recent enthusiasm for qualitative research in the health fields, an energetic call for methods by which to synthesize the knowledge has been generated on various substantive topics. Although there is an emerging literature on meta-analysis and metasynthesis, many authors overestimate the simplicity of such approaches and erroneously assume that useful knowledge can be synthesized from limited collections of study reports without a thorough analysis of their theoretical, methodological, and contextual foundations and features. In this article, the authors report some of the insights obtained from an extensive and exhaustive metastudy of qualitative studies of chronic illness experience.

Living with chronic illness: the interface of stigma and normalization.

Traditionally, researchers have studied and interpreted the chronic illness experience through a lens of either stigma or normalization, but rarely both simultaneously. When chronic illness is examined through a stigma lens, the findings tend to focus on the manner in which the individual suffers from the stigma. When it is examined through a normalization lens, the findings tend to articulate the ways in which the individual achieves normalcy despite having a chronic condition.

Are reliability, reproducibility and validity the correct terms to assess the correctness of dietary studies?

Nutritional studies often use the terms reliability, reproducibility and validity to indicate the correctness of the study. These terms do not appear to have a universal meaning to all researchers. The components of a dietary study are the input, the data collection instrument and the compiled data.

Responses of people with inflammatory bowel disease to foods consumed.

The purpose of this study was to assess the reactions of people with IBD to foods consumed. A database was created to capture the season of data collection, the disease, the food, and the subject's reaction to each food. A 122-item food list was used.

Stigma of visible and invisible chronic conditions.

Nurses deliver care to people with various forms of chronic illnesses and conditions. Some chronic conditions, such as paraplegia, are visible while others, such as diabetes, are invisible. Still others, such as multiple sclerosis, are both visible and invisible.

The relationship between habits of food consumption and reported reactions to food in people with inflammatory bowel disease--testing the limits.

Anecdotally, people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) report that some foods make them feel better and some foods make them feel worse. This paper reports about the relationship between food habits and reactions to foods in people with IBD. A database was designed to incorporate the date of data collection, the IBD disease, food habits, the quantity consumed and a response rating of the subjects' reactions to each food.