Effective dose and radiation risk under 640-slice abdominal computed tomography examination without contrast medium injection.

Background: Medical imaging plays a crucial role in modern medicine. In order to provide fast and accurate medical diagnosis, computed tomography (CT) is a commonly used tool in radiological examinations, and 640-slice CT is the most advanced CT imaging modality.

Objective: To evaluate the radiation dose and the risk under 640-slice abdominal CT examination.

Assessment of image quality and dose in contrast-enhanced head and neck CT angiography of New Zealand rabbit.

Background: Although computed tomography (CT) is a powerful diagnostic imaging modality for diagnosing vascular diseases, it is some what risky to human health due to the high radiation dosage. Thus, CT vendors have developed low dose computed tomography (LDCT) aiming to solve this problem. Nowadays, LDCT has gradually become a main stream of CT examination.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of student learning and teacher instruction on team-based learning during quality control of diagnostic imaging.

: Team-Based Learning (TBL), which is a student-centered instructional approach, has been applied in various health-related courses, but research on the effectiveness of TBL in radiologic technology is limited. More research is needed to examine the effectiveness of TBL within the field of radiologic technology as well as to study teachers' reflective practices for instructional development in TBL.: This study examines the effectiveness of TBL on students' learning and course instructors' instructional development during quality control activities in diagnostic imaging.

Longitudinal investigation of ischemic stroke using magnetic resonance imaging: Animal model.

Background: Arterial embolism is a major cause of ischemic stroke. Currently, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard in clinical arterial embolization examinations. However, it is invasive and risky.

Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of carbogen challenge on awake rabbit brain at 1.5T.

Background: Anesthesia may alter the cellular components contributing to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensities. Developing awake animal models to evaluate cerebral function has grown in importance.

Objective: To investigate a noninvasive strategy for dynamic MRI (dMRI) of awake rabbits during carbogen challenge.

Optimal dosage and early intervention of L-ascorbic acid inhibiting KCrO-induced renal tubular cell damage.

Chromium poisoning can cause renal failure and death. Chromium intoxication may be managed using L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) therapy. However, the evidence supporting the effectiveness of this treatment is insufficient, and the mechanism of action has not been clarified in renal cells.

Noninvasive Shock Wave Treatment for Capsular Contractures After Breast Augmentation: A Rabbit Study.

Background: Capsular contracture is the most common complication of breast augmentation. Although numerous procedures are intended to prevent capsular contracture, their efficacy does not satisfy surgeons or patients. In the present study, we used shock waves to develop innovative protocols to treat capsular contracture in rabbits.

The Impact of Flip Angle and TR on the Enhancement Ratio of Dynamic Gadobutrol-enhanced MR Imaging: In Vivo VX2 Tumor Model and Computer Simulation.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is widely used to diagnose cancer and monitor therapy. The maximum enhancement ratio (ERmax) obtained from the curve of signal intensity over time could be a biomarker to distinguish cancer from normal tissue or benign tumors. We evaluated the impact of flip angle (FA) and repetition time (TR) on the ERmax values of dynamic gadobutrol-enhanced MR imaging, obtaining T1-weighted (T1W) MR imaging of VX2 tumors using 2-dimensional fast spoiled gradient echo (2D FSPGR) with various FAs (30°, 60° and 90°) at 1.

Inorganic arsenic trioxide induces gap junction loss in association with the downregulation of connexin43 and E-cadherin in rat hepatic "stem-like" cells.

Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic trioxide causes tumors of the skin, urinary bladder, lung, and liver. Several cancer initiators and promoters have been shown to alter cell-cell signaling by interference with gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) and/or modulation of cell adhesion molecules, such as connexin43 (Cx43), E-cadherin, and β-catenin. The aim of this study was to determine whether the disruption of cell-cell interactions occurs in liver epithelial cells after exposure to arsenic trioxide.

Preliminary study of non-invasive shock wave treatment of capsular contracture after breast implant: animal model.

The incidence rate of capsular contracture after breast implant is about 8% to 12%. Patients would feel extremely uncomfortable after scar formation. Administering oral medications (such as vitamin E and Zafirlukast tablets, etc.

Quantifying liver cirrhosis by extracting significant features from MRI T2 image.

Most patients with liver cirrhosis must undergo a series of clinical examinations, including ultrasound imaging, liver biopsy, and blood tests. However, the quantification of liver cirrhosis by extracting significant features from a T2-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) provides useful diagnostic information in clinical tests. Sixty-two subjects were randomly selected to participate in this retrospective analysis with assigned to experimental and control groups.

The Characterization and Imaging Behavior of a New Developed Paramagnetic Contrast Agent NMG2[Gd(TTDA-BOM)].

[Gd(TTDA-BOM)]is a newly developed paramagnetic contrast agent.The ligand,TTDA-BOM,bears a benzyloxymethyl group so that the lipophilicity is increased. The water exchange rate for [Gd(TTDA-BOM)]is significantly higher than that of [Gd(DTPA)]and [Gd(BOPTA)].

Early response of hepatocellular carcinoma to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: choline levels and MR diffusion constants--initial experience.

Purpose: To prospectively investigate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and choline levels measured at hydrogen 1 ((1)H) magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, to monitor therapeutic responses of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and all patients and control subjects provided informed consent. Histologically proved large HCCs (>3 cm in diameter) were evaluated in 20 patients (16 men and four women; mean age, 59 years; range, 34-80 years) before TACE and 2-3 days after TACE.

Effect of intravenous gadolinium-DTPA on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images for evaluation of focal hepatic lesions.

Objective: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is usually performed before administration of intravenous contrast agents. Repetition of DWI is occasionally necessary after contrast administration, but the effects of contrast material on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the abdomen have not yet been fully examined. The purpose of this work is to assess whether administration of gadolinium-based contrast material significantly affects DWI and ADC values at the focal hepatic lesions.

Evaluation of [Gd(Bz-TTDA)]2- as a potential contrast agent in MR imaging of the hepatobiliary system: an animal study.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a new lipophilic paramagnetic complex [Gd(Bz-TTDA)]2- [(4s)-4-benzyl-3,6,10-tri(carboxymethyl)-3,6,10-triazadodecandioic acid]2- designed for use as a hepatobiliary MR contrast agent.

Materials And Methods: MR imaging studies for normal and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rat models were performed using a 1.5-T scanner.