Elective intensive care unit admissions for organ donation in patients with terminal brain glioma: Case report.

Despite being eligible, only 26 patients with primary brain cancer became organ donors from 2009 to 2018 in Australia. We describe two patients with high grade gliomas who successfully donated their organs after obtaining first-person consent in the outpatient setting by careful multidisciplinary planning and an elective intensive care unit admission for organ donation. Barriers and facilitators were examined based on these experiences and suggestions for future practices are explored.

Association of age with response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Purpose: To assess the association of patient age with response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from 1105 patients with MIBC. Patients age was evaluated as continuous variable and stratified in quartiles.

Impact of sex on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with bladder cancer.

Objective: To assess the effect of patient's sex on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with clinically nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: Complete pathologic response, defined as ypT0N0 at radical cystectomy, and downstaging were evaluated using sex-adjusted univariable and multivariable logistic regression modeling. We used interaction terms to account for age of menopause and smoking status.

The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy.

Introduction: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an attractive marker because it is derived from routine bloodwork. NLR has shown promise as a prognostic factor in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) but its value in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before radical cystectomy (RC) is not yet established. Since NLR is related to an oncogenic environment and poor antitumor host response, we hypothesized that a high NLR would be associated with a poor response to NAC and would remain a poor prognostic indicator in patients receiving NAC.

The Prognostic Role of the Change in Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Retrospective, Multi-Institutional Study.

Background: The impact of the change in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on outcomes in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic impact of the change in NLR during NAC for patients with MIBC.

Methods: Patients referred to academic, community, and quaternary referral centres in Alberta, Canada from 2005 to 2015, Ontario, Canada from 2005 to 2013, and Southampton, UK from 2004 to 2010 were evaluated.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) improves overall survival in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but there are currently no predictive biomarkers of response to NC in MIBC. An increased peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation and is linked to poor prognosis in some solid tumors. We evaluated whether NLR is associated with pathological response (pathR) in MIBC patients who receive NC.

Evaluation of second-line and subsequent targeted therapies in metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) patients treated with first-line cediranib.

Introduction: Pivotal phase III trials have positioned angiogenesis inhibitors as first-line therapy for the management of most advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinomas (mRCC). Approaches to second-line therapy, however, remain more controversial with respect to drug selection and drug sequencing.

Methods: In this study we evaluated mRCC patients who were initially treated on the first-line National Cancer Institute (NCI) trial with the highly potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), cediranib, to determine the efficacy and tolerability of subsequent therapies.

Multicenter assessment of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BCa) was established primarily with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC), with complete response rates (pT0) as high as 38%. However, because of the comparable efficacy with better tolerability of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) in patients with metastatic disease, GC has become the most commonly used regimen in the neoadjuvant setting.

Objective: We aimed to assess real-world pathologic response rates to NAC with different regimens in a large, multicenter cohort.

Retreatment of men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer with abiraterone.

Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA), oral CYP17 inhibitor, is an active agent in the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods: We (R.L.

Abiraterone acetate in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a retrospective review of the Princess Margaret experience of (I) low dose abiraterone and (II) prior ketoconazole.

Introduction: Abiraterone (AA) is a CYP17 inhibitor that prolongs survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Data suggest similar pharmacokinetics of 250-500 mg of AA with high-fat meals ('low-dose') and 1000 mg in the fasting state ('full-dose'). Ketoconazole (KT) is a less potent CYP17 inhibitor previously widely used in mCRPC.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be administered to fit patients with newly diagnosed, potentially resectable muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (MIBC): A 2013 CAGMO Consensus Statement and Call for a Streamlined Referral Process.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) improves overall survival in patients with resectable muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (MIBC). However uptake of NC in Canada is dis-appointingly low. Following a detailed literature review and in consultation with urologic oncology, the Canadian Association of Genitourinary Medical Oncologists (CAGMO) has developed a consensus statement for the use of NC in MIBC.

Mortality within 30 days of receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy at a regional oncology unit: what have we learned?

Aims: Benefits to patients from systemic anti-cancer therapies (SACT) occur at a cost of significant toxicities that can be life threatening. Published data of SACT mortality outside clinical trials is limited with no published Australia data. We aim to establish local outcomes at a regional Victorian oncology center to allow comparison with limited international data.