Prognostic implications of a CD8 T to CD4T imbalance in mandibular fracture healing: a prospective analysis of immune profiles.

Introduction: Open reduction and fixation are the standard of care for treating mandibular fractures and usually lead to successful healing. However, complications such as delayed healing, non-union, and infection can compromise patient outcomes and increase healthcare costs. The initial inflammatory response, particularly the response involving specific CD8 T cell subpopulations, is thought to play a critical role in healing long bone fractures.

Revision Surgery With Refixation After Mandibular Fractures.

Study Design: Retrospective, descriptive observational study.

Objective: The need for revision surgery after mandibular fractures is an indicator for severe postoperative complications. This study aimed to characterise this patient cohort, describe solutions to deal with complications and evaluate treatment quality as a risk variable for complications.

Diagnostic pitfalls in pediatric orbital entrapment fractures.

Prompt diagnosis and management of orbital entrapment fractures in the pediatric patient have been advocated. This retrospective study analyzed a cohort of orbital entrapment fractures in pediatric patients with regard to diagnostic pitfalls, treatment and outcomes in a Level I trauma center in Germany. Based on medical records and radiological imaging, patients under the age of 18 years who presented with orbital fractures during 2009-2021 were analyzed.

The risk of osteomyelitis after mandibular fracture is doubled in men versus women: analysis of 300,000 patients.

Postoperative complications following mandibular fracture treatment vary from local wound infections to severe conditions including osteomyelitis and impaired fracture healing. Several risk factors have been associated with the development healing disorders, including fracture localisation, treatment modality and substance abuse. However, limited research on the sex-specific influence of these complications exists.

Quantifying bone healing after mandibular displacement in orthognathic surgery.

Impaired bony healing following bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is a major unmet medical need for affected patients, and rare occurrences can hinder the identification of underlying risk factors. We hypothesised that osseous union following BSSO can be quantified using volumetric analysis, and we aimed to identify the risk factors for impaired bone healing. The percentage change in bony volume was measured in orthognathic patients following BSSO using two consecutive postoperative cone-beam computed tomography scans.

Patient-specific 3D-printed mini-versus reconstruction plates for free flap fixation at the mandible: Retrospective study of clinical outcomes and complication rates.

This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and complication rates of patient-specific 3D-printed mini- and reconstruction plates for free flap fixation in mandibular reconstruction. A retrospective monocentric study was carried out between April 2017 and December 2021 to analyze patients undergoing immediate mandibular reconstruction using fibula free flaps and osteosynthesis using patient-specific 3D-printed implants. Eighty-three patients with a mean age of 63.

Impact of the adjacent bone on pseudarthrosis in mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flaps.

Background: Mechanical and morphological factors have both been described to influence the rate of pseudarthrosis in mandibular reconstruction. By minimizing mechanical confounders, the present study aims to evaluate the impact of bone origin at the intersegmental gap on osseous union.

Methods: Patients were screened retrospectively for undergoing multi-segment fibula free flap reconstruction of the mandible including the anterior part of the mandible and osteosynthesis using patient-specific 3D-printed titanium reconstruction plates.

Pediatric Maxillofacial Trauma: Insights into Diagnosis and Treatment of Mandibular Fractures in Pediatric Patients.

Aim: To assess the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in pediatric mandibular fractures with regards to fracture pattern and localization.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included patients under the age of 17 years that presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin with mandibular fractures over an 11-year long period (2010-2020). Medical records were analyzed for age, gender, injury mechanism, clinical presentation, imaging modalities, fracture pattern, and fracture management.

Imaging the Tight Orbit: Radiologic Manifestations of Orbital Compartment Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Orbital compartment syndrome is a sight-threatening emergency caused by rising pressure inside the orbit. It is usually diagnosed clinically, but imaging might help when clinical findings are inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically evaluate imaging features of orbital compartment syndrome.

Effect of Emergency Severity Index Annual Competency Assessment on Mistriage.

Background: There is limited evidence identifying best practices to promote competency of accurate assignment of the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) acuity level to patients who present to the emergency department (ED) triage.

Local Problem: Triage-trained nurses do not receive competency training in an ESI triage tool.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 150 patients was completed to evaluate mistriage rates before and after triage-trained nurses completed an ESI competency assessment.

Treatment options for critical size defects - Comparison of different materials in a calvaria split model in sheep.

Bone defects of the craniofacial skeleton are often associated with aesthetic and functional impairment as well as loss of protection to intra- and extracranial structures. Solid titanium plates and individually adapted bone cements have been the materials of choice, but may lead to foreign-body reactions and insufficient osseointegration. In contrast, porous scaffolds are thought to exhibit osteoconductive properties to support bone ingrowth.

Prognostic value of lymph node involvement in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Different parameters have been identified in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) that have a serious impact on survival, including residual tumour and extracapsular spread. Moreover, other factors, including the lymph node ratio (LNR) and lymph node yield (LNY), have been suggested as prognostic markers.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with OSCC and cervical lymph node metastases during the years 2010-2020.

Modified McLaughlin's Dynamic Muscle Support in the 21st Century? A Retrospective Study With a Prospective Follow-Up Analysis for Patients With Long Standing Facial Paralysis.

Introduction: Facial nerve paralysis can dramatically affect the life of a patient as it leads to significant alterations of the facial symmetry and functional limitations. Various methods exist including free neuromuscular flaps to reanimate patients suffering from uni- or even bilateral facial nerve paralysis. The more than 60-year-old technique described by McLaughlin continues to offer an alternative with distinct advantages for the individual patient.

Increased rate of pseudarthrosis in the anterior intersegmental gap after mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flaps: a volumetric analysis.

Objectives: Pseudarthrosis after mandibular reconstruction leads to chronic overload of the osteosynthesis and impedes dental rehabilitation. This study evaluates the impact of gap site on osseous union in mandible reconstruction using a new volumetric analysis method with repeated cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: The degree of bone regeneration was evaluated in 16 patients after mandible reconstruction with a fibula free flap and patient-specific reconstruction plates.

Impact of Infection Control Education on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Procedural Staff.

To date, minimal research has been conducted on proper use of personal protective equipment and hand hygiene within endoscopy. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy has developed guidelines for infection control within the endoscopy suite. A practice change based upon these guidelines was implemented.

Imaging foreign bodies in head and neck trauma: a pictorial review.

Open injuries bear the risk of foreign body contamination. Commonly encountered materials include gravel debris, glass fragments, wooden splinters or metal particles. While foreign body incorporation is obvious in some injury patterns, other injuries may not display hints of being contaminated with foreign body materials.

Reinforcing Telehealth Competence Through Nurse Practitioner Student Clinical Experiences.

Background: Telehealth is becoming increasingly integral in providing improved access to care, especially for patients who reside in frontier and rural areas. Nurse practitioner (NP) faculty are charged with preparing NP students through curriculum and clinical experiences that align with the health care environment and the health care access needs of the populations they serve.

Method: To meet this need, NP faculty at a land-grant university located in a frontier and rural midwestern state reinforced NP student telehealth curriculum and competency through application in a clinical environment.