Individual Characteristics in the Comprehension of Pandemic Video Communication: Randomized Controlled Between-Subjects Design.

Background: Video played an important role in health communication throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. It was used to communicate pandemic information to the public, with a variety of formats, presenters, and topics. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of video features is available, while how individual characteristics of recipients influence communication comprehension is still limited.

Saving lives with statistics.

Healthcare is awash with numbers, and figuring out what knowledge these numbers might hold is worthwhile in order to improve patient care. Numbers allow for objective mathematical analysis of the information at hand, but while mathematics is objective by design, our choice of mathematical approach in a given situation is not. In prehospital and critical care, numbers stem from a wide range of different sources and situations, be it experimental setups, observational data or data registries, and what constitutes a "good" statistical analysis can be unclear.

Assessment of Anaesthesia Teams' Non-Technical Skills in Clinical Practice before and after Simulation-Based Team Training: A Quasiexperimental Study.

Background: In situ simulation-based team training of non-technical skills is considered an important initiative for preventing adverse events caused by poor teamwork among healthcare personnel. This study aimed to assess the non-technical skills of anaesthesia personnel before and after in situ simulation-based team training in a clinical setting.

Methods: The study was conducted from October 2020 to June 2021 using a quasiexperimental before and after design based on video-recorded observations and ratings of anaesthesia teams' non-technical skills during anaesthesia induction in the operating room before and shortly after in situ simulation-based team training.

Assessing the Effect of Nonvisual Information Factors in Pandemic-Related Video Communication: Randomized Controlled Between-Subjects Experiment.

Background: Videos have been an important medium for providing health and risk communication to the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health officials, health care professionals, and policy makers have used videos to communicate pandemic-related content to large parts of the population. Evidence regarding the outcomes of such communication, along with their determinants, is however limited.

Prehospital screening of acute stroke with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (ParaNASPP): a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Timely treatment of acute stroke depends on early identification and triage. Improved methods for recognition of stroke in the prehospital setting are needed. We aimed to assess whether use of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) by paramedics in the ambulance could improve communication with the hospital, augment triage, and enhance diagnostic accuracy of acute stroke.

Evaluation of the reported data linkage process and associated quality issues for linked routinely collected healthcare data in multimorbidity research: a systematic methodology review.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to examine how the record linkage process is reported in multimorbidity research.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Web of Science and Embase using predefined search terms, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Published studies from 2010 to 2020 using linked routinely collected data for multimorbidity research were included.

Utopia for Norwegian helicopter emergency medical services: Estimating the number of bases needed to radically bring down response times, and lives needed to be saved for cost effectiveness.

Objectives: Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) throughout Europe are generally on scene within 10-15 minutes. In Norway, however, with its 13 HEMS bases, only 75% of the population can currently be reached within half an hour. We estimate the number of HEMS bases needed to reach the full Norwegian population within 10-15 minutes, and discuss implications regarding cost effectiveness.

Gamification of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for simulation training-a feasibility study.

Background: Training prehospital personnel in identifying patients with acute stroke is key to providing rapid treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether game-based digital simulation training is a feasible alternative to standard in-person simulation training.

Methods: Second-year paramedic bachelor students at Oslo Metropolitan University in Norway were invited to participate in a study to compare game-based digital simulation (intervention) to standard in-person training (control).

Exponential Growth Bias of Infectious Diseases: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: Humans struggle to grasp the extent of exponential growth, which is essential to comprehend the spread of an infectious disease. Exponential growth bias is the tendency to linearize exponential functions when assessing them intuitively. Effective public health communication about the nonlinear nature of infectious diseases has strong implications for the public's compliance with strict restrictions.

Key topics in pandemic health risk communication: A qualitative study of expert opinions and knowledge.

Background: Science communication can provide people with more accurate information on pandemic health risks by translating complex scientific topics into language that helps people make more informed choices on how to protect themselves and others. During pandemics, experts in medicine, science, public health, and communication are important sources of knowledge for science communication. This study uses the COVID-19 pandemic to explore these experts' opinions and knowledge of what to communicate to the public during a pandemic.

Differences in comprehending and acting on pandemic health risk information: a qualitative study using mental models.

Background: A worldwide pandemic of a new and unknown virus is characterised by scientific uncertainty. However, despite this uncertainty, health authorities must still communicate complex health risk information to the public. The mental models approach to risk communication describes how people perceive and make decisions about complex risks, with the aim of identifying decision-relevant information that can be incorporated into risk communication interventions.

Creating Effective, Evidence-Based Video Communication of Public Health Science (COVCOM Study): Protocol for a Sequential Mixed Methods Effect Study.

Background: The nonlinear nature of contagious diseases and the potential for exponential growth can be difficult to grasp for the general public. This has strong implications for public health communication, which needs to be both easily accessible and efficient. A pandemic is an extreme situation, and the accompanying strict societal measures are generally easier to accept if one understands the underlying reasoning behind them.

Paramedic Norwegian Acute Stroke Prehospital Project (ParaNASPP) study protocol: a stepped wedge randomised trial of stroke screening using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in the ambulance.

Background: Less than 50% of stroke patients in Norway reach hospital within 4 h of symptom onset. Early prehospital identification of stroke and triage to the right level of care may result in more patients receiving acute treatment. Quality of communication between paramedics and the stroke centre directly affects prehospital on-scene time, emphasising this as a key factor to reduce prehospital delay.

Workplace Incivility and Turnover Intention in Organizations: A Meta-Analytic Review.

Incivility has been identified as a prevalent and crucial issue in workplaces and one that may be associated with detrimental effects on employees and organizational outcomes, such as turnover intention. Many studies have been published regarding the effects of incivility, but there is a lack of integrative reviews and meta-analyses. The aim of the present study is to conduct an early meta-analysis of the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace incivility and their turnover intentions.

The Role of Recipient Characteristics in Health Video Communication Outcomes: Scoping Review.

Background: The importance of effective communication during public health emergencies has been highlighted by the World Health Organization, and it has published guidelines for effective communication in such situations. With video being a popular medium, video communication has been a growing area of study over the past decades and is increasingly used across different sectors and disciplines, including health. Health-related video communication gained momentum during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and video was among the most frequently used modes of communication worldwide.

Establishing quality indicators for pre-hospital advanced airway management: a modified nominal group technique consensus process.

Background: Pre-hospital advanced airway management is a complex intervention composed of numerous steps, interactions, and variables that can be delivered to a high standard in the pre-hospital setting. Standard research methods have struggled to evaluate this complex intervention because of considerable heterogeneity in patients, providers, and techniques. In this study, we aimed to develop a set of quality indicators to evaluate pre-hospital advanced airway management.

Health authorities' health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review.

Background: Responses from the H1N1 swine flu pandemic and the recent COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic provide an opportunity for insight into the role of health authorities' ways of communicating health risk information to the public. We aimed to synthesise the existing evidence regarding different modes of communication used by health authorities in health risk communication with the public during a pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a rapid scoping review.

National Implementation of In Situ Simulation-Based Training in Helicopter Emergency Medical Services: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: Medical simulation is used in helicopter emergency services as a tool for training the crew. Using in situ simulation, we aimed to evaluate the degree of implementation, the barriers to completing simulation training, and the crew's attitude toward this form of training.

Methods: This was a 1-year prospective study on simulation at all 14 Norwegian helicopter emergency services bases and 1 search and rescue base.