A comparison of scalable routine clinical materials and observer ratings to assess CBT fidelity.

Decades of research have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for a wide variety of psychiatric diagnoses, resulting in the inclusion of CBT as a first-line evidence-based practice (EBP) in treatment guidelines for mood and anxiety disorders. However, some research suggests that many providers do not implement EBPs as intended. Ongoing quality monitoring is needed to support EBP implementation and sustainability, but "gold standard" fidelity monitoring (e.

Long-term cognitive training enhances fluid cognition and brain connectivity in individuals with MCI.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multi-domain cognitive training (CT) may slow cognitive decline and delay AD onset. However, most work involves short interventions, targeting single cognitive domains or lacking active controls.

Cognitive and Social-Emotional Development in Girls With Fragile X Syndrome.

Objectives: To evaluate the developmental trajectory of key cognitive, social, and emotional features in girls with fragile X syndrome (FXS).

Methods: This longitudinal, parallel cohort study collected data between January 2018 and December 2022. Participants were evaluated 3 times with ∼12-18 months between visits.

Dynamic and Static Workout of In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Tissue through a Weight Training Device.

Enhancing muscle strength through workouts is a key factor in improving physical activity and maintaining metabolic profiles. The controversial results concerning the impacts of weight training often arise from clinical experiments that require controlled experimental conditions. In this study, a weight training system for a muscle development model is presented, which is capable of performing weight training motions with adjustable weight loads.

Cost-effectiveness of train-the-trainer versus expert consultation training models for implementing interpersonal psychotherapy in college mental health settings: evidence from a national cluster randomized trial.

Background: This study is a cost-effectiveness study of two implementation strategies designed to train therapists in college and university counseling centers to deliver interpersonal psychotherapy. Costs of implementing a train-the-trainer (TTT) strategy versus an expert consultation strategy were estimated, and their relative effects upon therapist outcomes were calculated and compared.

Methods: Twenty four counseling centers were recruited across the United States.

Protocol for a randomized clinical trial to confirm the effectiveness of online guided self-help family-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa.

Background: The leading evidence-based treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) in adolescents is Family-based Treatment (FBT). However, due to the intensive training requirements and lack of practitioners, it is often difficult for families to access FBT. Thus, innovations that improve access to care are needed.

Inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from on IL-4 production and β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 cells.

This study aimed to investigate the anti-allergic activity of compounds isolated from Maxim. and to suggest potential therapeutic agents for allergies. Nine compounds were isolated from an ethanolic extract using chromatographic methods and identified chemically and by spectroscopic analysis.

Randomized waitlist-controlled trial of buried in treasures facilitated support groups and in-home uncluttering (BIT+) for hoarding disorder.

Objective: The Buried in Treasures (BIT) workshop is a promising treatment for hoarding disorder (HD), though many participants struggle with home uncluttering. This randomized waitlist-controlled trial investigated the efficacy of a version of BIT, augmented with in-home uncluttering practice (BIT+).

Method: Adults (N = 41) with hoarding disorder were recruited from the community and randomly assigned to BIT+ or waitlist.

Ameliorative effects of Wikstroemia trichotoma 95% EtOH extract on a mouse model of DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The genus Wikstroemia has been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the management of conditions such as coughs, edema, arthritis, and bronchitis. Studies have indicated that the crude extracts of Wikstroemia exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-aging, skin psoriasis, anti-cancer, and antiviral properties. In addition, these extracts are known to contain bioactive substances, including flavonoids, coumarins, and lignans.

A Data-Driven Latent Variable Approach to Validating the Research Domain Criteria Framework.

Despite the widespread use of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework in psychiatry and neuroscience, recent studies suggest that the RDoC is insufficiently specific or excessively broad relative to the underlying brain circuitry it seeks to elucidate. To address these concerns, we employed a latent variable approach using bifactor analysis. We examined 84 whole-brain task-based fMRI (tfMRI) activation maps from 19 studies with 6,192 participants.

Teleyoga for Patients With Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Their Caregivers: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there is growing awareness that chronic pain has an impact on the progression of dementia. Yoga has shown promise in treating chronic pain. However, attending in-person yoga can be difficult for AD patients.

Iridoid Glycosides and Coumarin Glycoside Derivatives from the Roots of and Their In Vitro Wound Healing Properties.

has been used as a medicinal herb in traditional medicines to treat strangury, polyuria, and swelling. The phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of roots led to the isolation of three iridoid glycosides and three coumarin glycoside derivatives, which were characterized as menthiafolin (), threoninosecologanin (), callicoside C (), and scopolin (), as well as two undescribed peltatamarins A () and B (). The chemical structures of the undescribed compounds were determined by analyzing their 1 dimensional (D) and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and using high-resolution (HR)-electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS), along with the chemical reaction of acid hydrolysis.

Sex-Specific Vulnerability to Externalizing Problems: Sensitivity to Early Stress and Nucleus Accumbens Activation Over Adolescence.

Background: Exposure and sensitivity to early-life stress (ELS) are related to increased risk for psychopathology in adolescence. While cross-sectional studies have reported blunted nucleus accumbens (NAcc) activation in the context of these associations, researchers have not yet assessed the effects of ELS on developmental trajectories of activation. We examined whether trajectories are affected by stress and the moderating role of biological sex in predicting vulnerability to symptoms of psychopathology.

Improved Solubility and Stability of a Thermostable Carbonic Anhydrase via Fusion with Marine-Derived Intrinsically Disordered Solubility Enhancers.

Carbonic anhydrase (CA), an enzyme catalyzing the reversible hydration reaction of carbon dioxide (CO), is considered a promising biocatalyst for CO reduction. The α-CA of (taCA) has emerged as a compelling candidate due to its high thermostability, a critical factor for industrial applications. However, the low-level expression and poor in vitro solubility have hampered further utilization of taCA.

Multimodal Exercise and Cognitive Training Program Improves Cognitive Function in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Objective: To investigate the preliminary efficacy of a combined physical exercise + cognitive training intervention for older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Veteran Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA.

Who Responds to an Adaptive Intervention for Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa Being Treated With Family-Based Treatment? Outcomes From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality. The current evidence supports the use of family-based treatment (FBT), but recovery rates are only about 40%. Improving treatment outcomes among adolescents with AN will save lives, improve health, and prevent chronicity.

3‴--Foliamenthoyl-Rutin, a New Flavonoid Glycoside from the Roots of .

(Menyanthaceae) has been used as a medicinal herb in traditional medicines to treat conditions such as strangury, polyuria, swelling, and as a diuretic and antipyretic. In our ongoing research to discover novel structural and/or biological natural products in natural resources, five flavonoids, quercetin (), quercitrin (), isoquercetin (), quercetin-3--vicianoside (), and rutin (), as well as a new flavonoid glycoside, 3‴--foliamenthoyl-rutin (), were isolated from the MeOH extract of roots. The chemical structure of the new compound () was determined by analyzing 1D and 2D NMR spectra and high-resolution (HR) electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESIMS), along with a chemical reaction.

Early life stress predicts trajectories of emotional problems and hippocampal volume in adolescence.

Exposure to early life stress (ELS) has been consistently associated with adverse emotional and neural consequences in youth. The development of brain structures such as the hippocampus, which plays a significant role in stress and emotion regulation, may be particularly salient in the development of psychopathology. Prior work has documented smaller hippocampal volume (HCV) in relation to both ELS exposure and risk for psychopathology.

Partial in vivo reprogramming enables injury-free intestinal regeneration via autonomous induction.

Tissue regeneration after injury involves the dedifferentiation of somatic cells, a natural adaptive reprogramming that leads to the emergence of injury-responsive cells with fetal-like characteristics. However, there is no direct evidence that adaptive reprogramming involves a shared molecular mechanism with direct cellular reprogramming. Here, we induced dedifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells using OSKM (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) in vivo.

Anti-Wrinkling Effect of 3,4,5-tri--caffeoylquinic Acid from the Roots of through MAPK/AP-1, NF-κB, and Nrf2 Signaling in UVB-Irradiated HaCaT Cells.

has been widely used pharmacologically in traditional Chinese medicine to treat heat strangury and polyuria. The aim of this study was to isolate the bioactive components from and evaluate their potential use as antioxidant and anti-wrinkle agents. Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of roots led to the isolation of 15 compounds (-), which were structurally determined as α-spinasterol (), 3---D-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid 28---D-glucuronopyranoside (), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (), protocatechuic acid (), vanillic acid (), -coumaric acid (), caffeic acid (), ferulic acid (), neochlorogenic acid (neo-CQA) (), chlorogenic acid (CQA) (), cryptochlorogenic acid (crypto-CQA) (), isochlorogenic acid B (3,4-DCQA) (), isochlorogenic acid A (3,5-DCQA) (), isochlorogenic acid C (4,5-DCQA) (), and 3,4,5-tri--caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA) ().

A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detection Method for Simultaneous Determination of Three Compounds Isolated from : Assessment of the Effects on Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism In Vitro and In Vivo.

In natural products, the content and quality of the marker components differ depending on the part, production area, collection period, and extraction method; therefore, a standardized analysis method is required to obtain consistent results. This study developed a simultaneous analysis method for three marker components (7-methoxylutolin-5--glucoseide, pilloin 5--β-d-glucopyranoside, rutarensin) isolated and purified from (). Simultaneous analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) method that was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines.

Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Lactate Dehydrogenase from Bacteria without Codon Optimization.

is the most widespread cause of malaria, especially in subtropical and temperate regions such as Asia-Pacific and America. lactate dehydrogenase (PvLDH), an essential enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, is required for the development and reproduction of the parasite. Thus, LDH from these parasites has garnered attention as a diagnostic biomarker for malaria and as a potential molecular target for developing antimalarial drugs.

Novel effects of Ras-MAPK pathogenic variants on the developing human brain and their link to gene expression and inhibition abilities.

The RASopathies are genetic syndromes associated with pathogenic variants causing dysregulation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras-MAPK) pathway, essential for brain development, and increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, the effects of most pathogenic variants on the human brain are unknown. We examined: (1) How Ras-MAPK activating variants of PTPN11/SOS1 protein-coding genes affect brain anatomy.