Evaluation of a fully automated computed tomography image segmentation method for fast and accurate body composition measurements.

Introduction: Body composition evaluation can be used to assess patients' nutritional status to predict clinical outcomes. To facilitate reliable and time-efficient body composition measurements eligible for clinical practice, fully automated computed tomography segmentation methods were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate automated segmentation by Data Analysis Facilitation Suite in an independent dataset.

Impact of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes for patients with resected hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective comparison of Eastern and Western cohorts.

Background: Patient fitness is important for guiding treatment. Muscle mass, as a reflection thereof, can be objectively measured. However, the role of East-West differences remains unclear.

Circulating tumour DNA as biomarker for rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has been established as a promising (prognostic) biomarker with the potential to personalise treatment in cancer patients. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the current literature and the future perspectives of ctDNA in non-metastatic rectal cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive search for studies published prior to the 4 of October 2022 was conducted in Embase, Medline, Cochrane, Google scholar, and Web of Science.

Impact of muscle mass on survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation beyond the Milan criteria.

Background: Access to the liver transplant waitlist for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends on tumour presentation, biology, and response to treatments. The Milan Criteria (MC) represent the benchmark for expanded criteria that incorporate additional prognostic factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the added value of skeletal muscle index (SMI) in HCC patients beyond the MC.

Success, complication, and mortality rates of initial biliary drainage in patients with unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The patients with unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma require biliary drainage to relieve symptoms and allow for palliative systemic chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to establish the success, complication, and mortality rates of the initial biliary drainage in patients with unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at presentation.

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, patients with unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent initial endoscopic or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage between 2002 and 2014 were included.

The Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) or pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Because of the considerable morbidity of this treatment, optimal patient selection is key. This study aimed to assess the impact of low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on outcomes after CRS-HIPEC.

Absence of association between CT-assessed skeletal muscle mass and long-term oncological outcomes after curative therapy for colorectal liver metastasis.

Background: Sarcopenia is associated with impaired short- and long-term outcomes in gastrointestinal cancers. Whether sarcopenia is associated with impaired survival after local therapy of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases (CRLM) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the influence of sarcopenia on long-term outcomes after curative-intent therapy for CRLM.

High Systemic Immune Inflammation Index Is Associated With Low Skeletal Muscle Quantity in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background And Aims: Failing immune surveillance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is related to poor prognosis. PDAC is also characterized by its substantial alterations to patients' body composition. Therefore, we investigated associations between the host systemic immune inflammation response and body composition in patients with resected PDAC.

Sarcopenia as a Predictor of Survival in Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma After Pancreatectomy.

Objective: To determine whether sarcopenia can potentially predict worse survival after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Sarcopenia is correlated with poor outcomes in hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies, but the relationship of both its qualitative and quantitative features with patient survival after pancreatectomy has not been investigated in a western population.

Patients And Methods: Preoperative cross-sectional computed tomography scans of consecutive patients who underwent pancreatectomy in 2005-2017 were evaluated for skeletal muscle index (SMI), intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC), and visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue area ratio (VSR).

Impact of nutritional status and body composition on postoperative outcomes after pelvic exenteration for locally advanced and locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Background: Pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and locally recurrent (LRRC) rectal cancer provides radical resection and local control, but is associated with considerable morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors, including nutritional status and body composition, for postoperative morbidity and survival after pelvic exenteration in patients with LARC or LRRC.

Methods: Patients with LARC or LRRC who underwent total or posterior pelvic exenteration in a tertiary referral centre from 2003 to 2018 were analysed retrospectively.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of validated prognostic models for resected hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Background: Many prognostic models for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) have been developed to inform patients and doctors about individual prognosis. Previous reviews of these models were qualitative and did not assess performance at external validation. We assessed the performance of prognostic models for HCC and set a benchmark for biomarker studies.

Sarcopenia and long-term survival outcomes after local therapy for colorectal liver metastasis: a meta-analysis.

Background: Sarcopenia is defined as either low pre-operative muscle mass or low muscle density on abdominal CT imaging. It has been associated with worse short-term outcomes after surgery for colorectal liver metastases. This study aimed to evaluate whether sarcopenia also impacts long-term survival outcomes in these patients.

Relation between body composition and severe diarrhea in patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine for rectal cancer: a single-centre cohort study.

Background: Chemoradiation with capecitabine followed by surgery is standard care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Severe diarrhea is considered a dose-limiting toxicity of adding capecitabine to radiation therapy. The aim of this study was to describe the risk factors and the impact of body composition on severe diarrhea in patients with LARC during preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine.

Actual survival after resection of primary colorectal cancer: results from a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world. We characterize a cohort of patients who survived up to 5 years without recurrence and identify factors predicting the probability of cure.

Methods: We analyzed data of patients who underwent curative intent surgery for stage I-III CRC between 2007 and 2012 and who had had been included in a large multicenter study in the Netherlands.

Both muscle quantity and quality are predictors of waiting list mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease.

Background And Aims: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and associated with impaired clinical outcome. Previous studies focused on one component of body composition and not in combination with nutritional intake, while both are components of the nutritional status. We aimed to evaluate the most important risk factors regarding body composition (muscle mass, muscle quality and fat mass) and nutritional intake (energy and protein intake) for waiting list mortality in patients with ESLD awaiting liver transplantation (LTx).

Eligibility for Liver Transplantation in Patients with Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) has been performed in a select group of patients presenting with unresectable or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)-associated perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) in the Mayo Clinic with a reported 5-year overall survival (OS) of 53% on intention-to-treat analysis. The objective of this study was to estimate eligibility for LT in a cohort of pCCA patients in two tertiary referral centers.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with pCCA between 2002 and 2014 were included from two tertiary referral centers in the Netherlands.

Quality and performance of validated prognostic models for survival after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of prognostic survival models for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) when validated in an external dataset. Furthermore, it sought to identify common prognostic factors across models, and assess methodological quality of the studies in which the models were developed.

Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed.

Prognostic impact of low muscle mass and low muscle density in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Low muscle mass (LMM) and low muscle density (LMD) are increasingly recognized as prognostic factors for survival in different malignancies. This study determined the association of LMM and LMD with survival in DLBCL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) patients. CT-based measurement of muscle was performed in 164 DLBCL patients prior to chemo-immunotherapy.