Roles of estrogen receptors during sexual reversal in Pelodiscus sinensis.

Background: The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism, with the males growing faster and larger than the females. During breeding, all-male offspring can be obtained using 17β-estradiol (E2). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying E2-induced sexual reversal have not yet been elucidated.

Role of in Estradiol-Induced Sex Reversal in .

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle , an economically important species in China, exhibits significant sexual dimorphism. Males are more valuable than females owing to their wider calipash and faster growth. Estradiol (E2)-induced sex reversal is used to achieve all-male breeding of turtles; however, the mechanism of this sex reversal remains unclear.

Single-Molecule Real-Time Sequencing for Identifying Sexual-Dimorphism-Related Transcriptomes and Genes in the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle ().

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle (), an economically important aquatic species in China, displays considerable sexual dimorphism: the male is larger and, thus, more popular in the market. In this study, we obtained the full-length (FL) transcriptome data of by using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio)'s isoform sequencing and analyzed the transcriptome structure. In total, 1,536,849 high-quality FL transcripts were obtained through single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, which were then corrected using Illumina sequencing data.

Effect of Exogenous Hormone on () and () Gene Expression and Embryo Development in Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle ().

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, , is an important aquaculture species in China that exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism; male individuals are economically more valuable than females. In vertebrates, several R-spondin family proteins have been associated with sex differentiation mechanisms; however, their involvement in sex differentiation is unclear. Exogenous hormones such as estradiol (E2) also influence the sex differentiation of and induce sexual reversal.