Pathologic characteristics and management strategies for two categories of prostate cancer patients with low prostate-specific antigen undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) with low levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (0-4 ng/mL) includes PCa detected through biopsy and incidental PCa (IPC) in patients with previous prostate surgeries. The study was conducted to compare these two groups of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP), aiming to assess pathological characteristics and suggest strategies for predicting and managing low PSA PCa.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on two categories of low PSA PCa patients.

Simultaneous multiplex genome loci editing of using an engineered CRISPR-guided base editor.

TD serves as an exceptional chassis for next generation industrial biotechnology to produce various products. However, the simultaneous editing of multiple loci in TD remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report the development of a multiple loci genome editing system, named CRISPR-deaminase-assisted base editor (CRISPR-BE) in TD.

Engineering a mevalonate pathway in for the production of lycopene.

Introduction: Red-colored lycopene has received remarkable attention in medicine because of its antioxidant properties for reducing the risks of many human cancers. However, the extraction of lycopene from natural hosts is limited. Moreover, the chemically synthesized lycopene raises safety concerns due to residual chemical reagents.

NIR-Photocontrolled Aqueous RAFT Polymerization with Polymerizable Water-Soluble Zinc Phthalocyanine as Photocatalyst.

In order to give an answer for the challenges of long wavelength-photocontrolled radical polymerization in aqueous solutions and to address the shortcomings of conventional near-infrared (NIR) photocatalysts (PCs) that are difficult to subject to post-treatment, we designed and synthesized a series of β-tetra-substituted water-soluble zinc phthalocyanines (β-TS-Zns) as the NIR PCs for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization successfully under irradiation with NIR (λ = 730 nm) light at room temperature. Importantly, the NIR PCs can also be designed as polymerizable monomers and covalently loaded on the polymer chains, which are endowed with permanent NIR photocatalysis of the resultant polymers. Moreover, the polymerization can not only be carried out in water but also in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution, yielding polymers with controlled molar mass and narrow dispersities ( = 1.

Loss of function of VdDrs2, a P4-ATPase, impairs the toxin secretion and microsclerotia formation, and decreases the pathogenicity of .

Four P4-ATPase flippase genes, , and were identified in , one of the most devastating phytopathogenic fungi in the world. Knock out of , and , or knock down of significantly decreased the pathogenicity of the mutants in cotton. Among the mutants, the greatest decrease in pathogenicity was observed in Δ.

Immobilization of by-product sulfate salt slag from high-salt organic wastewater with fly ash in lightweight aggregate ceramsite.

The lightweight aggregate ceramsite (LAC) was prepared from by-product sulfate salt slag (BPSS) of high-salt organic wastewater with fly ash. The BPSS fixation rate, leaching toxicity, morphological structures and potential environmental risks of heavy metals in LAC were investigated. BPSS can be fixed in LAC when the mass ratio of Fly ash: Kaolin: clay was 7:1:2, the addition of BPSS was 28%, the heating rate was 8°C min, and the calcination temperature was 1100°C.

Mathematical model for the tensile strength of the crimping assembly of aviation wiring harness end.

In this study, the relationship between the tensile strength and the indentation depth was studied by analysing the deformation mechanism of the crimping assembly of the aviation wiring harness end. Tensile strength tests were performed on samples of crimping assemblies with different indentation depths. The results showed that the experimental and theoretical values were in good agreement, verifying the validity of the established mathematical model for tensile strength.

Management of pembrolizumab-induced steroid refractory mucositis with infliximab: A case report.

Background: Pembrolizumab is an anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) that was shown to have a tolerable safety profile with 17% of grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events, notable response rate of 16% with median duration of response of 8 mo, and median overall survival of 8 mo. Severe mucositis is a very rare complication with only two cases of grade 4 mucositis reported, and both cases had good response to intravenous methylprednisolone and subsequent oral prednisone tapering. We report the first case of pembrolizumab-induced severe mucositis that was refractory to steroid treatment.

Characterization of three FK506-binding proteins in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana.

FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) participate in regulation of diverse biological processes. However, the role of these proteins in insect-pathogenic fungi is far from well understood. To investigate the functions of FKBPs in Beauveria bassiana, a widely used entomopathogenic fungus for control of insect pests, we identify three putative FKBP genes, Bbfkbp12, Bbfkbp15, and Bbfkbp50, in the fungus.

Primary peritoneal carcinoma metastasizing to breast: a single case report and literature review from clinic to biology.

Primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is a type of rare malignant epithelial tumor. Metastasis from PPC to breast has been rarely reported. PPC originates de novo from the peritoneal tissues rather than invasion or metastasis from adjacent or remote organs.

Evaluating Pharmacological Effects of Two Major Components of Shuangdan Oral Liquid: Role of Danshensu and Paeonol in Diabetic Nephropathy Rat.

Shuangdan oral liquid (SDO) containing radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Chinese name Danshen) and cortex moutan (Chinese name Mudanpi) is a traditional Chinese medicine using for treating vascular diseases. Danshensu (DSS) is a main effective monomer composition derived from radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and paeonol (Pae) from cortex moutan. Although the two herbs are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, the pharmacological functions of their active compositions were not reported.

Cardiac stem cell transplantation with 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbehe-2-O-β-d-glucoside improves cardiac function in rat myocardial infarction model.

Headings Aims: Cardiac stem cells (CSCs)-transplanted therapy provides a promising therapy for the ischemic heart disease (IHD), especially in the epidemic of myocardial infarction (MI). The compound 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (THSG) can induce CSC proliferation in vitro based on our previous study, so we aimed to study the induce effect of THSG on CSCs-transplanted MI rat in vivo.

Materials And Methods: Using a murine model of MI, this study was designed to evaluate the impact of THSG (30, 60, 120mg/kg) on CSCs-based therapy for MI and the underlying mechanism in this process.

The Occurrence of Propyl Lactate in Chinese Baijius (Chinese Liquors) Detected by Direct Injection Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

As one of the oldest distillates in the world, flavor compounds of Chinese Baijiu (Chinese liquor) were extremely complex. Propyl lactate was firstly detected by direct injection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 72 Chinese Baijius. The objectives were to detect the contents of propyl lactate and evaluate its contribution to the aroma of Chinese Baijiu based on odor activity values (OAVs).

Angel of human health: current research updates in toad medicine.

There are currently 34 genera and 410 species of toads in the world. The medicinal parts of toads mainly include their venom, skin, and clothing. The toad's venom and skin possess the same chemical components, mainly the toad venom lactone class, and their pharmacological effects primarily include the maintenance of strong heart, antitumor, antivirus, anti-infection, and analgesic effects.

Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside extends mouse life span via upregulating neural klotho and downregulating neural insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1.

A Chinese herb, Polygonatum multiflorum, has been reported to prolong animal life span, but the relevant molecular mechanism remains unclear. Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) is one main component of P. multiflorum and may contribute to extending life span of mammals.

Thinning of dermas with the increasing age may be against by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside in mice.

Objective: To research and reveal Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) anti-thinning effect of dermas on skin of ageing mice.

Methods: The dermal layer thickness was measured with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; the levels of collagen and elastic fibers were measured with immunohistochemical staining; the levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and two receptors of insulin and IGF-1 were measured with Elisa kits; the levels of Ca(2+) and P were measured with ELISA kits.

Results: TSG and Polygonum multiflorum extract (PME) made thicken dermal layer thickness (P<0.

Simultaneous determination of cinnamaldehyde and its metabolite in rat tissues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Cinnamaldehyde (CA), an active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Cortex Cinnamomi, has a wide range of bioactivities. To clarify the distribution characteristics of CA, a selective and sensitive method utilizing gas chromatography-mass spetrometry was initially developed for simultaneously determining the concentration of CA and its metabolite cinnamyl alcohol in rat tissues. Selected ion masses of m/z 131, 105 and 92 were chosen, and separation of the analytes was performed on a DB-5 ms (30 m × 0.

Protective effects of cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cinnamomum cassia is a well-known traditional Chinese herb that is widely used for the treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD). It has favorable effects, but its mechanism is not clear. To investigate the effects of cinnamic aldehyde (CA) and cinnamic acid (CD) isolated from Cinnamomum cassia against myocardial ischemia produced in rats by isoproterenol (ISO).

Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: how do Yuanhu painkillers effectively treat dysmenorrhea?

Aim: To examine the efficacy of YuanHu painkillers (YHP) as a treatment for primary dysmenorrhea and to reveal YHP's principle formula.

Methods: A Wistar rat uterine contraction model was utilized in this study. Rats were given 0.

Cardioprotective effect of paeonol and danshensu combination on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs Cortex Moutan and Radix Salviae Milthiorrhizaeare are prescribed together for their putative cardioprotective effects in clinical practice. However, the rationale of the combined use remains unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of paeonol and danshensu (representative active ingredient of Cortex Moutan and Radix Salviae Milthiorrhizae, respectively) on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats and its underlying mechanisms.

Proliferation-attenuating and apoptosis-inducing effects of tryptanthrin on human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cell line in vitro.

Tryptanthrin, a kind of indole quinazoline alkaloid, has been shown to exhibit anti-microbial, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects both in vivo and in vitro. However, its biological activity on human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the proliferation-attenuating and apoptosis-inducing effects of tryptanthrin on leukemia K562 cells in vitro and explored the underlying mechanisms.

CARMA3: A novel scaffold protein in regulation of NF-κB activation and diseases.

CARD recruited membrane associated protein 3 (CARMA3) is a novel scaffold protein. It belongs to the CARMA protein family, and is known to activate nuclear factor (NF)-κB. However, it is still unknown which receptor functions upstream of CARMA3 to trigger NF-κB activation.

IIp45 inhibits cell migration through inhibition of HDAC6.

IIp45 (aka MIIP) is a newly discovered gene whose protein product inhibits cell migration. HDAC6 is a class IIb deacetylase that specifically deacetylates alpha-tubulin, modulates microtubule dynamics, and promotes cell migration. A yeast two-hybrid assay using IIp45 as bait identified HDAC6 protein as a binding partner of IIp45.