MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

A Graph-Based Machine-Learning Approach Combined with Optical Measurements to Understand Beating Dynamics of Cardiomyocytes.

The development of computational models for the prediction of cardiac cellular dynamics remains a challenge due to the lack of first-principled mathematical models. We develop a novel machine-learning approach hybridizing physics simulation and graph networks to deliver robust predictions of cardiomyocyte dynamics. Embedded with inductive physical priors, the proposed constraint-based interaction neural projection (CINP) algorithm can uncover hidden physical constraints from sparse image data on a small set of beating cardiac cells and provide robust predictions for heterogenous large-scale cell sets.

Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy in Asia; however, its incidence is rising in the United States. Traditionally, methods of treatment include surgery and chemotherapy. Endoscopy has become an alternative method with a low recurrence rate when used to treat early gastric cancers.

Generative adversarial network model to classify human induced pluripotent stem cell-cardiomyocytes based on maturation level.

Our study develops a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based method that generates faithful synthetic image data of human cardiomyocytes at varying stages in their maturation process, as a tool to significantly enhance the classification accuracy of cells and ultimately assist the throughput of computational analysis of cellular structure and functions. Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were cultured on micropatterned collagen coated hydrogels of physiological stiffnesses to facilitate maturation and optical measurements were performed for their structural and functional analyses. Control groups were cultured on collagen coated glass well plates.

Protocol for manufacturing photosynthetic cyanobacterial cell-based living building materials.

Cement-free and photosynthetic cyanobacterial cell-based living building materials (LBMs) can be manufactured using microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology. Here, we present a protocol for cultivating Leptolyngbya boryana GGD and manufacturing LBMs using a sand-gelatin solution. We describe steps for fabricating acrylic molds and mixing abiotic substances with cyanobacterial cells for constructing LBMs.

Factors influencing nursing professionalism among nursing students in South Korea: a descriptive study.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the factors influencing nursing professionalism among nursing students, focusing on the image of nurses, satisfaction with their major, and career metacognition.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive survey with 185 nursing students from D city and K region on June 10-30, 2024. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver.

Daphnetin alleviates allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting T-cell activation and subsequent JAK/STAT6 signaling.

Allergic asthma is a major health burden on society as a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways in response to inhaled allergens. Daphne kiusiana Miquel is a medicinal plant that can suppress allergic airway inflammation; however, its specific molecular mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which D.

First Report of Fruit Scab Caused by on in Korea.

Kiwi (Actinidia chinesis) is an economically important fruit in Korea, with 1,300 ha cultivated and a production of approximately 25,000 tons per year (Kim and Koh, 2018; Kim and Choi, 2023). In late June 2020, fruit scab symptoms were observed on A. chinensis var.

Generative Adversarial Network Model to Classify Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Cardiomyocytes based on Maturation Level.

Objective: Our study develops a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based method that generates faithful synthetic image data of human cardiomyocytes at varying stages in their maturation process, as a tool to significantly enhance the classification accuracy of cells and ultimately assist the throughput of computational analysis of cellular structure and functions.

Methods: Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were cultured on micropatterned collagen coated hydrogels of physiological stiffnesses to facilitate maturation and optical measurements were performed for their structural and functional analyses. Control groups were cultured on collagen coated glass well plates.

Rotundifuran Induces Ferroptotic Cell Death and Mitochondria Permeability Transition in Lung Cancer Cells.

Rotundifuran (RF), a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer compound, is a natural compound predominantly present in . Herein, we investigated the effects of RF on the growth of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggested that RF inhibits cell growth, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

Discovery of Terminal Oxazole-Bearing Natural Products by a Targeted Metabologenomic Approach.

A targeted metabologenomic method was developed to selectively discover terminal oxazole-bearing natural products from bacteria. For this, genes encoding oxazole cyclase, a key enzyme in terminal oxazole biosynthesis, were chosen as the genomic signature to screen bacterial strains that may produce oxazole-bearing compounds. Sixteen strains were identified from the screening of a bacterial DNA library (1,000 strains) using oxazole cyclase gene-targeting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers.

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment for Accelerating Rehydration of Adzuki Bean ().

Adzuki bean (), which provides plant-based proteins and functional substances, requires a long soaking time during processing, which limits its usefulness to industries and consumers. To improve this, ultrasonic treatment using high pressure and shear force was judged to be an appropriate pretreatment method. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions of ultrasound treatment for the improved hydration of adzuki beans using the response surface methodology (RSM).

Isolation and Identification of from Potato Plants Affected by Leaf Spot Disease in Korea: Selection of Effective Fungicides.

Brown leaf spot disease caused by spp. is among the most common diseases of potato crops. Typical brown spot symptoms were observed in commercial potato-cultivation areas of northern Korea from June to August 2020-2021.

-Mediated Transformation of the Aquatic Fungus FBCC-F1546.

is a useful fungus known for its ability to mineralise lignin during primary metabolism and decompose polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, no functional genetic analysis techniques have been developed yet for this fungus, specifically in terms of transformation. In this study, we applied an -mediated transformation (ATMT) system to for a functional gene analysis.

Corrigendum: Transcriptional inhibition of STAT1 functions in the nucleus alleviates Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.

Validation of a Natural Language Machine Learning Model for Safety Literature Surveillance.

Introduction: As part of routine safety surveillance, thousands of articles of potential interest are manually triaged for review by safety surveillance teams. This manual triage task is an interesting candidate for automation based on the abundance of process data available for training, the performance of natural language processing algorithms for this type of cognitive task, and the small number of safety signals that originate from literature review, resulting in its lower risk profile. However, deep learning algorithms introduce unique risks and the validation of such models for use in Good Pharmacovigilance Practice remains an open question.

Targeted and Logical Discovery of Piperazic Acid-Bearing Natural Products Based on Genomic and Spectroscopic Signatures.

A targeted and logical discovery method was devised for natural products containing piperazic acid (Piz), which is biosynthesized from ornithine by l-ornithine -hydroxylase (KtzI) and - bond formation enzyme (KtzT). Genomic signature-based screening of a bacterial DNA library (2020 strains) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers targeting identified 62 strains (3.1%).

Black Ginseng Extract Exerts Potentially Anti-Asthmatic Activity by Inhibiting the Protein Kinase Cθ-Mediated IL-4/STAT6 Signaling Pathway.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes respiratory difficulties. Black ginseng extract (BGE) has preventative effects on respiratory inflammatory diseases such as asthma. However, the pharmacological mechanisms behind the anti-asthmatic activity of BGE remain unknown.

Suppresses Triacylglycerol Synthesis in Hepatocytes and Enterocytes.

Regulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and pancreatic lipase (PL) activities is important in the treatment of triacylglycerol (TG)-related metabolic diseases. , also known as mangosteen, is a traditional medicine ingredient used in the treatment of inflammation in Southeast Asia. In this study, The ethanolic extract of peel inhibited human recombinant DGAT1 and DGAT2, and PL enzyme activities .

Comparison of the pretreatment methods for enhancing hydration of water-soaked adzuki beans ().

Five pretreatments methods, cold plasma, pressure drop, heating, and bath-type and probe-type sonications were compared to shorten the rehydration process of adzuki bean () soaked before the cooking in terms of the hydration and softening efficacies. Moisture content and water activity of the probe-type sonicated beans were most dramatically increased as 11-45% and 0.59-0.

Comparison of cancer subtype identification methods combined with feature selection methods in omics data analysis.

Background: Cancer subtype identification is important for the early diagnosis of cancer and the provision of adequate treatment. Prior to identifying the subtype of cancer in a patient, feature selection is also crucial for reducing the dimensionality of the data by detecting genes that contain important information about the cancer subtype. Numerous cancer subtyping methods have been developed, and their performance has been compared.

Visual Complexity of Head-Up Display in Automobiles Modulates Attentional Tunneling.

Objective: To investigate how the visual complexity of head-up displays (HUDs) influence the allocation of driver's attention in two separate visual domains (near and far domains).

Background: The types and amount of information displayed on automobile HUDs have increased. With limited human attention capacity, increased visual complexity in the near domain may lead to interference in the effective processing of information in the far domain.

Epigenetic and Metabolic Changes in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma.

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), hitherto known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), is a rare and aggressive form of brain cancer that primarily affects children. Although the exact cause of DMG/DIPG is not known, a large proportion of DMG/DIPG tumors harbor mutations in the gene encoding the histone H3 protein, specifically the H3K27M mutation. This mutation decreases the level of H3K27me3, a histone modification that plays a vital role in regulating gene expression through epigenetic regulation.