The Association Between Body Fat Percentage and Severe Headache or Migraine: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background and objective Migraine is characterized by recurrent headaches, frequently associated with nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia; it is highly prevalent and linked to a heavy socioeconomic burden. While the prevalence of obesity in the general population has increased in recent years, no prior studies exist regarding the relationship between body fat percentage (BF%) and the incidence of severe headaches or migraine. In light of this, we conducted this study to address this gap in data.

Mechanism of norcantharidin intervention in gastric cancer: analysis based on antitumor proprietary Chinese medicine database, network pharmacology, and transcriptomics.

Background: Combining antitumor proprietary Chinese medicine (pCm) with radiotherapy and chemotherapy can effectively improve tumor cure rates and enhance patients' quality of life. Gastric cancer (GC) severely endangers public health. Despite satisfactory therapeutic effects achieved by using antitumor pCm to treat GC, its underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Effectiveness of Bairui granules in the treatment of respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are characterized by a high mortality rate and clinical incidence. Bairui granules (BG), which employ a method of heat elimination and detoxification, have demonstrated benefits in the treatment of infectious respiratory diseases.

Methods: A computerized search of 6 databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) relevant to the treatment of RTIs with BG up to November 30, 2023.

Animal Models of Chronic Migraine: From the Bench to Therapy.

Purpose Of Review: Chronic migraine is a disabling progressive disorder without effective management approaches. Animal models have been developed and used in chronic migraine research. However, there are several problems with existing models.

Dopamine D2 Receptor Activation Blocks GluA2/ROS Positive Feedback Loop to Alienate Chronic-Migraine-Associated Pain Sensitization.

Chronic migraine is a disabling disorder without effective therapeutic medicine. AMPA receptors have been proven to be essential to pathological pain and headaches, but the related regulatory mechanisms in chronic migraine have not yet been explored. In this study, we found that the level of surface GluA2 was reduced in chronic migraine rats.

Latent class analysis of migraine associated vestibular-auditory symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the potential subgroups of migraines based on the patterns of migraine associated symptoms, vestibular and auditory symptoms using latent class analysis and to explore their characteristics.

Method: A total of 555 patients with migraine participated in the study. Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, visual symptoms, vestibular symptoms (dizziness, vertigo), and auditory symptoms (tinnitus, hearing loss, aural fullness) were assessed.

SIRT1-regulated ROS generation activates NMDAR2B phosphorylation to promote central sensitization and allodynia in a male chronic migraine rat model.

Background: Central sensitization is one of the pivotal pathological mechanisms in chronic migraine (CM). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was shown to be involved in CM, but its specific mechanism is unclear. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increasingly regarded as important signaling molecules in several models of pain.

Effect of erenumab on the reversion from chronic migraine to episodic migraine in an Asian population: A post hoc analysis of the DRAGON study.

Background: Erenumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor. It has been proven to be safe and efficacious in patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) as demonstrated in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials including patients from Europe, Japan, and the United States. Reversion from CM to EM, as indicated by a reduction in the frequency of headache days, is an important indicator for efficacy outcome, though it has not been analyzed widely in patients with CM to date.

Exploring the mechanism of action of Shuangyang houbitong granules in the treatment of acute pharyngitis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Acute pharyngitis (AP) refers to the acute inflammation of the pharynx, characterized by swelling and pain in the throat. Shuangyang houbitong granules (SHG), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, have been found to be effective in providing relief from symptoms associated with AP.

Methods: The chemical components of SHG were screened using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, HERB database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.

Efficacy and safety of eptinezumab in patients with chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: For some people with migraine, despite taking greater amounts of acute headache medication (AHM), they develop an increase in monthly headache days. This cycle of increasing headache days, and in turn AHM use, can lead to a secondary headache disorder called medication-overuse headache (MOH). Preventive medications can prevent migraine from occurring and reduce reliance on AHMs, thereby preventing the cycle of MOH.

Galcanezumab in patients with episodic migraine: results from the open-label period of the phase 3 PERSIST study.

Background: The phase 3 randomized PERSIST study demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of galcanezumab, a humanized anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibody for prevention of episodic migraines. We present findings from the open-label extension (OLE) of PERSIST, which evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of galcanezumab in patients from China, India, and Russia.

Methods: Patients completing the 3-month double-blind period of PERSIST were eligible for the 3-month OLE.

Impairments to the multisensory integration brain regions during migraine chronification: correlation with the vestibular dysfunction.

Objectives: Migraine is often combined with vestibular dysfunction, particularly in patients with chronic migraine (CM). However, the pathogenesis of migraine chronification leading to vestibular dysfunction is not fully understood. The current study investigated whether structural or functional impairments to the brain during migraine chronification could be associated with vestibular dysfunction development.

Inhibition of glutamatergic trigeminal nucleus caudalis- vestibular nucleus projection neurons attenuates vestibular dysfunction in the chronic-NTG model of migraine.

Background: Prior clinical studies suggest a shared mechanism between vestibular symptoms and migraine headache. However, the specific neuroanatomical substrate connecting vestibular symptoms with migraine remains to be largely unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to further investigate the mechanisms that whether and how trigeminovestibular neurons produce effects on neuronal activation in vestibular nucleus (VN).

Activation of the microglial P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome mediates central sensitization in a mouse model of medication overuse headache.

Background: Excessive use of headache treatments often leads to the development, progression and exacerbation of primary headache, which is defined as medication overuse headache (MOH). A significant pathophysiological mechanism of MOH is central sensitization. Recent evidence suggests that central sensitization in chronic headache is a result of inflammatory responses mediated by microglial activation in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC).

Cluster and network analysis of non-headache symptoms in migraine patients reveals distinct subgroups based on onset age and vestibular-cochlear symptom interconnection.

Objective: The present study endeavors to identify natural subgroups of migraine patients based on the patterns of non-headache symptoms, utilizing cluster analysis. Subsequently, network analysis was performed to estimate the structure of symptoms and explore the potential pathophysiology of these findings.

Method: A total of 475 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for migraine were surveyed face-to-face during the period of 2019 to 2022.

The status of knowledge on migraines: The role of microglia.

Migraines are a considerable social problem and economic burden worldwide. Current acute treatments are based on inhibiting meningeal neurogenic inflammation which has poor results in some patients, whereas the site of action of prophylactic medicines are unknown; therefore, exploring new treatment mechanisms and methods is increasingly needed. Recent evidence suggests that microglia and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation are important in migraine pathogenesis.

A case report on recurrent alternating Tolosa-Hunt syndrome due to bacterial sphenoid sinusitis: rediscussing the diagnostic terminology and classification.

Background: Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is characterized by painful ophthalmoplegia caused by idiopathic granulomatous inflammation involving the cavernous sinus region. Patients respond well to steroid therapy. THS is included in the differential diagnosis of cavernous sinus syndrome, so it is important to fully exclude other lesions in this area before treatment, otherwise steroid treatment may lead to fatal outcomes.

A phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled study of erenumab for the prevention of chronic migraine in patients from Asia: the DRAGON study.

Abstact: BACKGROUND: DRAGON was a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study which evaluated the efficacy and safety of erenumab in patients with chronic migraine (CM) from Asia not adequately represented in the global pivotal CM study.

Methods: DRAGON study was conducted across 9 Asian countries or regions including mainland China, India, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Patients (N = 557) with CM (aged 18-65 years) were randomised (1:1) to receive once-monthly subcutaneous erenumab 70 mg or matching placebo for 12 weeks.

Safety Findings in Lasmiditan as a Novel Acute Treatment of Migraine in Chinese Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Phase 3 CENTURION Trial.

Introduction: Lasmiditan is the first 5-HT receptor agonist with potential to address the huge unmet medical needs for the treatment of migraine in China. The CENTURION study was the first phase 3 study of lasmiditan in Caucasian and Chinese patients with migraine. This post hoc analysis further demonstrates the safety profile of lasmiditan in the Chinese population and was urgently needed.

Dopamine receptor D2 regulates GLUA1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking and central sensitization through the PI3K signaling pathway in a male rat model of chronic migraine.

Background: The pathogenesis of chronic migraine remains unresolved. Recent studies have affirmed the contribution of GLUA1-containing AMPA receptors to chronic migraine. The dopamine D2 receptor, a member of G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, has been proven to have an analgesic effect on pathological headaches.

Efficacy and Safety of Lasmiditan as a Novel Acute Treatment in Chinese Patients with Migraine: A Subpopulation Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Phase 3 CENTURION Trial.

Introduction: Over the last two decades, there has been no novel acute treatment for migraine to address the large unmet medical need in Chinese patients. Lasmiditan, a novel selective serotonin 1F receptor agonist (ditan), is anticipated to bring clinical benefit in Chinese patients with migraine. The CENTURION study is a multi-country, placebo-controlled phase 3 study designed to assess the first attack efficacy and the consistency of response of lasmiditan in acute treatment of migraine.