NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3)-mediated inflammasome activation promotes caspase-1-dependent production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and requires the adaptor protein ASC. Compared with the priming and activation mechanisms of the inflammasome signaling pathway, post-translational ubiquitination/deubiquitination mechanisms controlling inflammasome activation have not been clearly addressed. We here demonstrate that the deubiquitinating enzyme USP50 binds to the ASC protein and subsequently regulates the inflammasome signaling pathway by deubiquitinating the lysine 63-linked polyubiquitination of ASC.
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