Bacillus safensis M01 reversed the inflammatory injury of mice jejunum caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major pathogen causing neonatal diarrhea in livestock, with antibiotics commonly used for control. However, antibiotic overuse has led to issues such as residues and bacterial resistance, underscoring the need for alternative prevention strategies. This study investigated the potential of Bacillus safensis (B.

Dynamic characterization of the changes in intestinal fungi and fecal metabolites during the reproductive cycle of sows.

Pregnancy-induced changes in the intestinal microbiota have been widely demonstrated. However, the research on the alterations of intestinal fungi and fecal metabolism during the reproductive cycle of sows is limited. In this study, fresh fecal samples were collected from 12 sows during the second day before fertilization (SBF), early pregnancy period (EEP; including gestational days 28, 42, and 56), late pregnancy period (LPP; including gestational days 70, 84, and 98), farrowing day (FD; collected after delivery), and lactation period (LAC, including days 7, 14, and 21 postpartum) for Internal Transcribed Space amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics sequencing.

Characteristics of fecal mycobiota and bacteriota in laying hens during different laying periods.

Mycobiota represents an important component of the gut microbiome in poultry and plays important roles in host nutrition and metabolism. However, the understanding of gut mycobiota in laying hens during the production cycle is limited. The present study aimed to characterize the structure and diversity of fecal mycobiota and bacteriota and examine the interplays between both microbial communities in laying hens during different laying periods.

Development of an HPPD-Inhibitor Resistant Wheat and Multiomics Integrative Analysis of Herbicide Toxicity and Detoxification in Wheat.

Weed infestation in agricultural fields significantly diminishes crop yields. Herbicides are widely used as a primary method of weed control. Developing herbicide-resistant crops through the expression of resistant genes represents a sustainable approach.

Metagenomic profiling of cecal microbiota and antibiotic resistome in rodents.

The rodent gut microbiota is a known reservoir of antimicrobial resistance, yet the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within rodent cecal microbial communities and the specific bacterial species harboring these ARGs remain largely underexplored. This study employed high-throughput sequencing of 122 samples from five distinct rodent species to comprehensively profile the diversity and distribution of ARGs and to identify the bacterial hosts of these genes. A gene catalog of the rodent cecal microbiome was constructed, comprising 22,757,369 non-redundant genes.

Cytogenetic identification and molecular mapping for the wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum introgression line with resistance to Fusarium head blight.

Xinong 511, a new wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum variety with excellent fusarium head blight resistance, the QTLs were mapped to the wheat chromosomes 5B and 7A with named QFhb.nwafu-5B and QFhb.nwafu-7A, respectively.

The addition of Psathyrostachys Huashanica Keng 6Ns large segment chromosomes has positive impact on stripe rust resistance and plant spikelet number of common wheat.

Background: Developing novel germplasm by using wheat wild related species is an effective way to rebuild the wheat resource bank. The Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (P. huashanica, 2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) is regarded as a superior species to improve wheat breeding because of its multi-resistance, early maturation and numerous tiller traits.

Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Family in 19 Aphid Species and Their Expression Analysis in 4 Cereal Crop Aphids.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases () play a variety of physiological roles, including pesticide resistance, plant allelochemical detoxification, and hormone metabolism catalysis. However, limited information is available on the classification and expression profiles of the gene family in aphid species. This is the first study to identify the cytochrome P450 gene family in 19 aphid species at the whole genome level.

A multi-kingdom collection of 33,804 reference genomes for the human vaginal microbiome.

The human vagina harbours diverse microorganisms-bacteria, viruses and fungi-with profound implications for women's health. Genome-level analysis of the vaginal microbiome across multiple kingdoms remains limited. Here we utilize metagenomic sequencing data and fungal cultivation to establish the Vaginal Microbial Genome Collection (VMGC), comprising 33,804 microbial genomes spanning 786 prokaryotic species, 11 fungal species and 4,263 viral operational taxonomic units.

Porous and graphitic carbon nanosheets with controllable structure for zinc-ion hybrid capacitor.

The imbalances of storage capacity and reaction kinetics between carbonaceous cathodes and zinc (Zn) anodes restrict the widespread application of Zn-ion hybrid capacitor (ZIHC). Structure optimization is a promising strategy for carbon materials to achieve sufficient Zn storage sites and satisfied ion-electron kinetics. Herein, porous graphitic carbon nanosheets (PGCN) were simply synthesized using a K[Fe(CO)]- and urea-assisted foaming strategy with polyvinylpyrrolidone as carbon precursor, followed by activation and graphitization.

GenoBaits®WheatplusEE: a targeted capture sequencing panel for quick and accurate identification of wheat-Thinopyrum derivatives.

A total of 90,000 capture probes derived from wheat and Thinopyrum elongatum were integrated into one chip, which served as an economical genotype for explorating Thinopyrumspecies and their derivatives. Thinopyrum species play a crucial role as a source of new genetic variations for enhancing wheat traits, including resistance to both abiotic and biotic factors. Accurate identification of exogenous chromosome(s) or chromosome segments or genes is essential following the introduction of alien genetic material into wheat, but this task remains challenging.

Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in sheep and goats in China.

Giardia duodenum (G. duodenalis) can cause giardiasis and infect a variety of hosts. So far, there have been no detailed data regarding the positive rate of G.

Molecular Cytological Analysis and Specific Marker Development in Wheat- Keng 3Ns Additional Line with Elongated Glume.

Keng ( = 2x = 14, NsNs) is an excellent gene resource for wheat breeding, which is characterized by early maturity, low plant height, and disease resistance. The wheat- derivatives were created by the elite genes of and permeate into common wheat through hybridization. Among them, a long-glume material 20JH1155 was identified, with larger grains and longer spike than its parents.

Cytogenetic identification and molecular marker development of a novel wheat- 4Ns(4D) alien disomic substitution line with resistance to stripe rust and Fusarium head blight.

(Trin.) Pilg. (2 = 4 = 28, NsNsXmXm) potentially harbours useful genes that might contribute to the improvement of wheat.

Distribution of legacy and novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in surface and groundwater affected by irrigation in an arid region.

Frequent exchange of surface water and groundwater occurs in arid/semi-arid areas due to high evaporation and intensive irrigation activities, affecting the migration and transformation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and threatening drinking water safety. This study analyzed legacy PFASs and potential precursors in surface water, groundwater, soil, and aquifer solid samples collected from a typical arid area, the Hetao Irrigation District of Northern China, to explore PFASs distribution and transformation between surface and ground. Total PFASs (ΣPFASs) in surface water was 29-232 ng/L, higher than 2-77 ng/L in groundwater.

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Resistant Tetraploid Wheat () under (F.) Infestation.

The grain aphid (Fabricius) is one of the most destructive pests of wheat (). Deployment of resistant wheat germplasm appears as an excellent solution for this problem. Elite bread wheat cultivars only have limited resistance to this pest.

Identification of a novel major QTL from Chinese wheat cultivar Ji5265 for Fusarium head blight resistance in greenhouse.

A novel major QTL for FHB resistance was mapped to a 6.8 Mb region on chromosome 2D in a Chinese wheat cultivar Ji5265, and diagnostic KASP markers were developed for detecting it in a worldwide wheat collection. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a serious disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Molecular cytogenetics and development of St-chromosome-specific molecular markers of novel stripe rust resistant wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium and wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum substitution lines.

Background: Owing to their excellent resistance to abiotic and biotic stress, Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42, JJJJStSt) and Th. ponticum (2n = 10x = 70) are both widely utilized in wheat germplasm innovation programs. Disomic substitution lines (DSLs) carrying one pair of alien chromosomes are valuable bridge materials for transmission of novel genes, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotype construction and specific molecular marker development.

Identification and DNA Marker Development for a Wheat- 2Ns (2D) Disomic Chromosome Substitution.

(2 = 4 = 28, NsNsXmXm), a wild relative of common wheat ( L.), carries numerous loci which could potentially be used in wheat improvement. In this study, line 17DM48 was isolated from the progeny of a wheat and hybrid.

Biomanipulation impacts on per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances accumulation and trophic transfer in an eutrophic lake.

Manipulation of freshwater food web through species introduction has been used to control the increasing algae in the Wuliangsuhai Lake, which affects not only the pathways of carbon source and energy transfer, but also the transfer of contaminants through food web. Food web relationships between biomanipulation area (BMA) and non-biological manipulation area (NBMA) were investigated using stable carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN) isotope analysis. In BMA, the δC values in fish species were enriched while δN depleted due to the increased inter-species competition.

Chromosome karyotype and stability of new synthetic hexaploid wheat.

Synthetic hexaploid wheat offers breeders ready access to potentially novel genetic variation in wild ancestral species. In this study, we crossed MY3478 (2 = 4 = 28, AABB) as the maternal parent with the stripe rust-resistant SY41 (2 = 2 = 14, DD) as the paternal parent to construct the new hexaploid wheat line NA0928 through natural allopolyploidization. Agronomic traits and the cytology of the S-S generations of NA0928 were analyzed.

Transport and environmental risks of perfluoroalkyl acids in a large irrigation and drainage system for agricultural production.

The quality of irrigation water and drainage water is essential for local ecosystem and human health in agricultural regions. In this study, the transport analysis, source identification, and environmental risk assessment of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were conducted in the largest irrigation area in northern China. The concentrations of the total PFAAs (ΣPFAA) ranged from 41.

Molecular Cytogenetic and Agronomic Characterization of the Similarities and Differences Between Wheat- Trin. and Wheat- Keng 3Ns (3D) Substitution Lines.

Keng (2 = 2 = 14, NsNs) and Trin. (2 = 4 = 28, NsNsXmXm) are valuable resources for wheat breeding improvement as they share the Ns genome, which contains diverse resistance genes. To explore the behaviors and traits of Ns chromosomes from the two species in wheat background, a series of wheat- and wheat- substitution lines were developed.

[Distribution, Sources, and Ecological Risks of Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Surface Water of the Wuliangsuhai Watershed].

Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) enter the environment through multi-media diffusion and long-distance migration during the long-term manufacture and use of products containing PFASs. This study analyzed 17 PFASs in surface water samples collected from the Wuliangsuhai watershed in the wet and dry seasons, and investigated the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, potential sources, and ecological risks of PFASs in the study area. PFASs were detected in all surface water samples at concentrations ranging from 4.

Robust pricing for airlines with partial information.

In the spot market for air cargo, airlines typically adopt dynamic pricing to tackle demand uncertainty, for which it is difficult to accurately estimate the distribution. This study addresses the problem where a dominant airline dynamically sets prices to sell its capacities within a two-phase sales period with only partial information. That partial information may show as the moments (upper and lower bounds and mean) and the median of the demand distribution.