[Retracted] Mitochondrial DNA induces inflammation and increases TLR9/NF‑κB expression in lung tissue.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that several of the western blotting images shown in Fig. 4 on p. 822 were strikingly similar to data which had appeared in Fig.

Characteristics and proposed classification system of posterior pilon fractures.

Posterior pilon fractures involve the medial malleolus (MM). Our purpose was to define the characteristics of posterior pilon fractures, and propose a classification system based on fracture morphology and type of management.The records of patients with posterior pilon fractures treated from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.

Early surgery increases mitochondrial DNA release and lung injury in a model of elderly hip fracture and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Hip fractures are one of the most common injuries in elderly individuals and are associated with a high incidence of complications and mortality. Clinical guidelines recommend early reparative surgery within 24-48 h from hospital admission; however, it is currently unknown whether this principle of early surgery is applicable for patients with hip fracture and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To investigate the systemic inflammatory response and lung injury as a result early surgery in elderly patients with hip fracture and COPD, a COPD model was created, by daily exposure to cigarette smoke, and evaluated.

Poor prognosis after surgery for intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients with clopidogrel treatment: A cohort study.

Choice of surgical approach in patients under clopidogrel treatment is controversial. Intertrochanteric fractures are common in the elderly, who also suffer from a number of comorbidities.The aim of this study is to assess the prognosis of elderly patients with clopidogrel treatment after surgery for intertrochanteric fracture.

Incidence of and Factors Influencing Femoral Neck Shortening in Elderly Patients After Fracture Fixation with Multiple Cancellous Screws.

BACKGROUND To study the incidence of and factors influencing "neck shortening" in elderly patients treated for femoral neck fractures using multiple cancellous screws. MATERIAL AND METHODS Of the 197 femoral neck fracture cases treated via closed reduction and cancellous screws fixation from January 2006 to February 2010, 110 were followed up. Patient age, gender, operative time, implantation method, reduction quality, fracture type, bone mineral density, loading time, length of hospital stay, and Harris hip score 12 months after operation were recorded.

Plasma mitochondrial DNA levels were independently associated with lung injury in elderly hip fracture patients.

Introduction: Hip fracture in the elderly can induce systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) and lung injury which increases the risk of lung infection and death. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a role in SIRS and lung injury in patients with multi-trauma, and also in patients with hip fractures. This study evaluated the potential value of plasma mtDNA in the early prognosis of lung injury in elderly fracture patients.

What Are the Risk Factors for Dislocation of Hip Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Through the Anterolateral Approach? A Nested Case-control Study.

Background: Hip dislocation after treatment of a femoral neck fracture with a hemiarthroplasty remains an important problem in the treatment of hip fractures, but the associations between patient factors and surgical factors, and how these factors contribute to dislocation in patients who have undergone bipolar hemiarthroplasty through an anterolateral approach for femoral neck fracture currently are only poorly characterized.

Questions/purposes: We evaluated patients with bipolar hemiarthroplasty dislocation after surgery for femoral neck fracture treated through an anterolateral approach and asked: (1) What are the frequency, characteristics, and risk factors of bipolar hemiarthroplasty dislocations? (2) What are the frequency, characteristics, and risk factors of bipolar hemiarthroplasty dissociations?

Methods: A review of hospital records for patients who underwent bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture at one hospital between July 2004 and August 2014 was conducted. During that time, 1428 patients were admitted with a diagnosis of femoral neck fracture; 508 of these patients underwent bipolar hip hemiarthroplasty, of whom 61 died and 23 were lost to followup during the first year, leaving 424 (83%) available for analysis.

Results of Vertebral Augmentation Treatment for Patients of Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Meta-Analysis of Eight Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: In 2009 two RCTs were publicated to question the efficacy of vertebroplasty comparing with sham treatment (ST) in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), which provoked an academic debate on the efficacy of PVA. The purposes of our study were to compare clinical differences in pain relief, spinal functional outcomes, and overall quality of life between PVA and CT for painful osteoporotic VCFs.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Knowledge from January 1980 to June 2013 with Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords.

Comparison of lumbar spine stabilization exercise versus general exercise in young male patients with lumbar disc herniation after 1 year of follow-up.

Objective: The safest and most effective conservative treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) has not been established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lumbar spine stabilization exercise (LSSE) and general exercise (GE) on pain intensity and functional capacity in young male patients with LDH.

Methods: Sixty-three young male adults aged 20 to 29 years with the diagnosis of LDH were enrolled and divided into an LSSE group (n=30) and a GE group (n=33).

Mitochondrial DNA induces inflammation and increases TLR9/NF-κB expression in lung tissue.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contains unmethylated CpG motifs that exhibit immune stimulatory capacities. The aim of this study was to investigate whether mtDNA activates the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, thereby contributing to post-traumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and lung injury in rats. The effects of mtDNA on macrophage culture were examined in order to elucidate the putative cellular mechanisms.

[Metallic modular radial head prostheses for Mason III and IV unreconstructable radial head fractures].

Objective: To assess the early efficacy of metallic modular radial head prostheses in patients with Mason III and IV unreconstructable radial head fractures.

Methods: The medical records of 16 patients (9 males, 7 females) with a mean age of 43 years old (31 to 57) with Mason III/IV unreconstructable radial head fractures requiring metallic modular radial head replacement between January 2009 and March 2012, were reviewed retrospectively. The functional results were assessed by range-of-movement, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS).

Relationship between nutritional status and mortality during the first 2 weeks following treatment for cervical spinal cord injury.

Background: The effects of nutrition on the mortality of cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) patients, unlike other risk factors, are poorly documented. Objective The relationship between dynamic nutritional status change and mortality in patients treated for CSCI was investigated.

Methods: A retrospective study of 128 patients treated for CSCI at the Beijing Army General Hospital was conducted between March 2006 and March 2011.

Impact of Cement Placement and Leakage in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Followed by Percutaneous Vertebroplasty.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: Assessment of the impact of cement placement and leakage in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) followed by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) on patient pain relief and new vertebral fracture occurrence.

Summary Of Background Data: Previous studies have not specifically addressed cement placement in the context of pain outcomes and subsequent vertebral fracture.

Factors influencing postoperative mortality one year after surgery for hip fracture in Chinese elderly population.

Background: Disability and death following hip fracture is becoming more common as the population ages. Previous reports have focused on the selection of internal fixation methods and the analysis of the perioperative therapeutic results in the Chinese population. Few studies have focused on factors influencing medium and long term survival after surgery for hip fracture.

[Treatment of vertical unstable pelvic fracture by percutaneous iliosacral screws fixation].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the patients of vertically unstable pelvic fractures treated with percutaneous iliosacral screws fixation and to explore the operative techniques and its therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: From June 2002 to August 2009, 54 patients with vertical unstable pelvic fracture were fixed with percutaneous iliosacral screws. After operation, 46 patients were followed up more than 18 months.

[Augmentative plate fixation for the treatment of femoral hypertrophic nonunions subsequent to intramedullary nailing fixation].

Objective: To investigate the effect of augmentative plate fixation to increase stability in the treatment of femoral shaft nonunions subsequent to intramedullary fixation.

Methods: Nine patients with femoral nonunions after intramedullary nail internal fixation were treated with augmentative plate internal fixation from April 1998 to Jane 2008, included 8 males and 1 female, with an average age of 32 years old ranging from 21 to 54 years. One case was upper 1/3 femoral fractures, 5 cases were middle 1/3 femoral fractures, 3 cases were lower 1/3 femoral fractures.

[Therapeutic efficacy of augmentative plate fixation in long-bone hypertrophic nonunion subsequent to intramedullary nailing].

Objective: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of augmentation plate fixation in nonunion of long-bone fracture after interlocking intramedullary nailing.

Methods: From April 1998 to April 2009, 14 patients with long-bone hypertrophic nonunion after intramedullary nail internal fixation were treated with augmentative plate. There were nine patients with nonunion of femur, three of humerus and two of tibia.

[The value of modified POSSUM scoring system in predicting mortality and morbidity for the intertrochanteric fracture in elder patients].

Objective: To evaluate the value of modified physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) scoring system in predicting mortality and morbidity for the intertrochanteric fracture in elder patients.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over a period of nearly 2 years from January 2007 to December 2008. Complete data from 119 patients were analyzed to compare the mortality and morbidity predicted by the POSSUM and the observed mortality and morbidity.

[Biomechanical study and clinical application of cannulated compression screws with across solid frame for intertrochanteric fractures].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficiency of treating the senile intertrochanteric fractures with cannulated compression screws (CCS) with across solid frame in femur head via biomechanical tests and clinical application.

Methods: Biomechanical tests: the fracture model was made in 31-A1.3 style, 6 pairs of flesh and embalmed cadaveric femurs were mechanically tested in a single-limb stance configuration.

Ex vivo non-viral vector-mediated neurotrophin-3 gene transfer to olfactory ensheathing glia: effects on axonal regeneration and functional recovery after implantation in rats with spinal cord injury.

Objective: Combine olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) implantation with ex vivo non-viral vector-based neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) gene therapy in attempting to enhance regeneration after thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Primary OEG were transfected with cationic liposome-mediated recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-NT3 and subsequently implanted into adult Wistar rats directly after the thoracic spinal cord (T9) contusion by the New York University impactor.

[Repair of acute spinal cord injury promoted by transplantation of olfactory ensheathing glia].

Objectives: To observe olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) survival and repair in vivo for spinal cord injury after OEG transplantation.

Methods: The OEG was cultured with the olfactory bulb of Wistar neonate rats. The spinal cords contusion was made in group A, B, and C with the New York University impactor, then complete transection was performed in the contusion area in group A.