Publications by authors named "Jiwon Hwang"

Degrons are minimal protein features that are sufficient to target proteins for degradation. In most cases, degrons allow recognition by components of the cytosolic ubiquitin proteasome system. Currently, all of the identified degrons only function within the cytosol.

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  • - Polymetallic nodules on the seafloor contain valuable metals, but their leachates can harm marine ecosystems during mining operations by affecting marine organisms.
  • - The study focused on the marine copepod Tigriopus koreanus, examining how exposure to these leachates influences mortality, development, fecundity, and specific gene expressions related to detoxification and reproduction.
  • - While there were no significant changes in mortality, the leachates shortened developmental time and increased fecundity, with certain metals like manganese and iron showing a positive impact on copepod development when combined with others.
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  • * Data was collected from 952 patients, revealing a 2.2% incidence of vaccine-related adverse events (11 cases of myocarditis, 10 of pericarditis), most commonly following the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.
  • * Despite some patients experiencing symptoms and requiring hospitalization, overall prognosis remained favorable for all patients with mRNA-VRCS, with no significant differences noted in emergency room visits or mortality rates.
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  • Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) poses significant health risks, particularly in women, but this case examines its effects in a young Asian male with severe symptoms.
  • The 46-year-old patient, with a history of mitral valvuloplasty, presented with serious issues like severe mitral stenosis and tricuspid regurgitation, requiring surgical intervention.
  • The case illustrates the chronic nature of RHD and stresses the importance of regular follow-ups and a team approach in managing complex heart conditions for better outcomes.
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In marine environments, exposure to microplastics threaten various organisms. A large portion of MPs may be bioavailable to copepods, and ingesting MPs has been reported to induce various adverse effects, including increased mortality, developmental retardation, and decreased reproduction. Adverse effects of MPs on these important processes of copepods may be induced by the obstructive effects of the ingested MPs on energy acquisition.

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Degrons are minimal protein features that are sufficient to target proteins for degradation. In most cases, degrons allow recognition by components of the cytosolic ubiquitin proteasome system. Currently, all of the identified degrons only function within the cytosol.

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Excess soil salinity significantly impairs plant growth and development. Our previous reports demonstrated that the core circadian clock oscillator GIGANTEA (GI) negatively regulates salt stress tolerance by sequestering the SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE (SOS) 2 kinase, an essential component of the SOS pathway. Salt stress induces calcium-dependent cytoplasmic GI degradation, resulting in activation of the SOS pathway; however, the precise molecular mechanism governing GI degradation during salt stress remains enigmatic.

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Recently, we demonstrated that the corpora amylacea (CA), a glycoprotein-rich aggregate frequently found in aged brains, accumulates in the ischemic hippocampus and that osteopontin (OPN) mediates the entire process of CA formation. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which astrocytes and microglia participate in CA formation during the late phase (4-12 weeks) of brain ischemia. Based on various morphological analyses, including immunohistochemistry, hybridization, immunoelectron microscopy, and correlative light and electron microscopy, we propose that astrocytes are the primary cells responsible for CA formation after ischemia.

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Misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins are degraded through a process called ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Soluble, lumenal ERAD targets are recognized, retrotranslocated across the ER membrane, ubiquitinated, extracted from the membrane, and degraded by the proteasome using an ERAD pathway containing a ubiquitin ligase called Hrd1. To determine how Hrd1 mediates these processes, we developed a deep mutational scanning approach to identify residues involved in Hrd1 function, including those exclusively required for lumenal degradation.

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  • The study focuses on synthesizing poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) polyols, an eco-friendly material made from CO, with varying carbonate levels to enhance their use in making polyurethane products.* -
  • Heterogeneous Zn/Co double metal cyanide catalysts, using poly(ethylene glycol)--poly(propylene glycol)--poly(ethylene glycol) (P123) as a complexing agent, were used to optimize the synthesis process, especially at a calcination temperature of 100 °C for improved catalytic performance.* -
  • The results indicated that the optimized PPC polyols had up to 32.8 wt % propylene carbonate, which increased intermolecular attraction and positively affected the rheological properties, making them a
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In Korean, voiced oral stops can occur intervocalically as allophones of their voiceless lenis counterparts; they can also occur initially as variants of nasal stops as a result of initial denasalization (e.g., /motu/→[ou] "all").

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Bcl-2-interacting cell death suppressor (BIS), also called BAG3, plays a role in physiological functions such as anti-apoptosis, cell proliferation, autophagy, and senescence. Whole-body -knockout (KO) mice exhibit early lethality accompanied by abnormalities in cardiac and skeletal muscles, suggesting the critical role of BIS in these muscles. In this study, we generated skeletal muscle-specific -knockout (-SMKO) mice for the first time.

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The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is widely consumed globally and renowned for its health benefits, including the reduction of cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer risk. However, tomato production faces significant challenges, particularly due to various biotic stresses such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses. To address this challenges, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 system to modify the tomato NUCLEOREDOXIN (SlNRX) genes (SlNRX1 and SlNRX2) belonging to the nucleocytoplasmic THIOREDOXIN subfamily.

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We aimed to evaluate the additive value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) to predict clinical outcomes in patients with HCM. We enrolled 373 patients with HCM and normal left ventricular systolic function who underwent CPET and CMR. The primary outcome was a clinical composite of all-cause death, cardiac transplantation, stroke, heart failure requiring hospitalization and defibrillator implantation.

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Misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins are degraded through a process called endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Soluble, lumenal ERAD targets are recognized, retrotranslocated across the ER membrane, ubiquitinated, extracted from the membrane, and degraded by the proteasome using an ERAD pathway containing a ubiquitin ligase called Hrd1. To determine how Hrd1 mediates these processes, we developed a deep mutational scanning approach to identify residues involved in Hrd1 function, including those exclusively required for lumenal degradation.

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Bilingualism has been linked with improved function regarding certain aspects of linguistic processing, e.g., novel word acquisition and learning unfamiliar sound patterns.

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Objective: While many studies on the increased risk of cancer in patients with psoriasis are available, data on the risk of cancer in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are still scarce. We assessed the risk of cancer in patients with PsA in a nationwide population-based cohort in Korea.

Methods: From 2010 to June 2021, patients newly diagnosed with PsA and 1:10 age-matched and sex-matched controls were included in this study.

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Macrophages play a crucial role in wound healing and fibrosis progression after brain injury. However, a detailed analysis of their initial infiltration and interaction with fibroblasts is yet to be conducted. This study aimed to investigate the possible route for migration of meningeal macrophages into the ischemic brain and whether these macrophages closely interact with neighboring platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFR-β)-positive adventitial fibroblasts during this process.

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  • * The study finds that the lipid composition of cellular membranes can impact ERAD function by hindering the extraction of substrates for degradation.
  • * Specifically, an increase in very-long-chain ceramides in the ER membrane raises levels of ubiquitinated substrates and decreases the amount of substrates being extracted for degradation in the cytoplasm.
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Despite a growing burden posed by cardiovascular disease (CVD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, large-scale studies on the association between the characteristics of RA patients and CVD risks and studies adjusted for various confounding factors are lacking. In this large-scale nationwide cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between CVD risk and RA and factors that may increase CVD risk using a dataset provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). We enrolled 136,469 patients with RA who participated in national health examinations within two years of RA diagnosis between 2010 and 2017 and non-RA controls matched by age and sex ( = 682,345).

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Objectives: To investigate the incidence and risk of cerebro-cardiovascular comorbidities (stroke, acute myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, and pulmonary embolism) in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis using nationwide Korean population-based medical claims data.

Methods: We identified 1905 patients with newly diagnosed anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis during 2009-2019. Incidence rates and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate the risk of cerebro-cardiovascular comorbidities in these patients and compared to age- and sex-matched controls (1:10) using the Cox proportional hazards model.

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